Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
See separate instructions.| (i) Name of supported organization |
(ii) EIN |
(iii) Type of organization (described on lines 1- 9 above or IRC section (see instructions)) |
(iv) Is the organization in col. (i) listed in your governing document? |
(v) Did you notify the organization in col. (i) of your support? |
(vi) Is the organization in col. (i) organized in the U.S.? |
(vii) Amount of support? |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | ||||
| Total | |||||||||
| Calendar year(or fiscal year beginning in) | (a) 2007 | (b) 2008 | (c) 2009 | (d) 2010 | (e) 2011 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") .... | 2,448,321 | 2,588,718 | 2,948,525 | 3,704,758 | 3,453,752 | 15,144,074 |
| 2 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf....... | 0 | |||||
| 3 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | 0 | |||||
| 4 | Total. Add lines 1 through 3.. | 2,448,321 | 2,588,718 | 2,948,525 | 3,704,758 | 3,453,752 | 15,144,074 |
| 5 | The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f).. | 0 | |||||
| 6 | Public Support. Subtract line 5 from line 4. | 15,144,074 | |||||
| Calendar year(or fiscal year beginning in) | (a) 2007 | (b) 2008 | (c) 2009 | (d) 2010 | (e) 2011 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Amounts from line 4.. | 2,448,321 | 2,588,718 | 2,948,525 | 3,704,758 | 3,453,752 | 15,144,074 |
| 8 | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources.. | 26,237 | 3,330 | 1,921 | 2,032 | 339 | 33,859 |
| 9 | Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.. | 0 | |||||
| 10 | Other income. (Explain in Part IV.) Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets.. | 0 | |||||
| 11 | Total support (Add lines 7 through 10). | 15,177,933 | |||||






| Calendar year(or fiscal year beginning in) | (a) 2007 | (b) 2008 | (c) 2009 | (d) 2010 | (e) 2011 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") . | ||||||
| 2 | Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose...... | ||||||
| 3 | Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513.. | ||||||
| 4 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf... | ||||||
| 5 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | ||||||
| 6 | Total. Add lines 1 through 5. | ||||||
| 7a | Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons... | ||||||
| b | Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 7a and 7b.. | ||||||
| 8 | Public Support (Subtract line 7c from line 6.) | ||||||
| Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) | (a) 2007 | (b) 2008 | (c) 2009 | (d) 2010 | (e) 2011 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Amounts from line 6... | ||||||
| 10a | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources.. | ||||||
| b | Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 10a and 10b. | ||||||
| 11 | Net income from unrelated business activities not included in line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on. | ||||||
| 12 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part IV.) | ||||||
| 13 | Total support (Add lines 9, 10c, 11 and 12.). | ||||||




| Facts And Circumstances Test |
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| Explanation |
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| Software ID: | 11000144 |
| Software Version: | 2011v1.2 |
Attach to Form 990 or 990-EZ.| Identifier | Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Program Services, Projects 5 through 10 | (5) SDS Research Alliance: This program focuses on the following objectives: "Identify SDS resistance genes in about 11,000 soybean accessions in the UDSA Soybean Germplasm Collection and advance soybean breeding lines in the SDS regional test; "Conduct field tests to verify the SDS resistance of experimental lines and the effect of SDS resistance QTLs; "Map SDS resistance QTL to small genetic intervals and develop genetic markers that can be efficiently used in marker-assisted selection; "Study SDS partial resistance in early maturity genetic materials;"Identify biotic and abiotic factors that affect the development of sudden death syndrome (SDS) and characterize the infection process of F. virguliforme alone and in the presence of other rhizosphere organisms; "Determine the characteristics of the F. virguliforme pathogen that influence survival, spread and infection of soybean; "Investigate the effect of the collective interaction between F. virguliforme and other organisms in the rhizosphere on SDS development; "Study the process of root infection by the pathogen along and in the presence of specific rhizosphere organisms and the implication on SDS development;"Studies to improve the resolution of field evaluations for resistance to SDS; and"Expand regional outreach and coordination to optimize SDS management and protect soybean yields.(6) Detection and visualization of the SDS toxin(s) in soybean tissue using infrared imaging; Sudden death syndrome is an increasingly serious disease of soybeans. The pathogen infects the soybean roots and produces a toxin(s) that is translocated to the leaves and subsequently kill the plant. This project is a preliminary study to use infrared (IR) imaging to directly visualize the SDS toxin(s). IR imaging has the potential to provide a visual story of the SDS toxin(s)-determine where and when the toxin(s) are produced; verify the movement from roots to leaves; detect differences in toxin movement in resistant compared to susceptible soybean plants; and establish visual differences in toxin production and movement in various environments. To enable these outcomes, we are conducting a pilot study to determine the spectral image for the SDS toxin(s) using mid-IR imaging technology. If the quality of the toxin(s) spectral image is acceptable, then this pilot work could be leveraged to use mid-IR imaging to visually track the SDS toxin(s).(7) Improved management of Sclerotinia stem rot in the North Central Region; This project is designed to combine concepts of plant pathology and soybean breeding in an attempt to raise soybean yield potential and stability of soybean yield in the North Central Region. The specific goal of this project is to identify and understand the expression of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR, white mold) that is of a high level and stable across multiple environments. A secondary goal is to improve coordination of SSR research in the North Central Region through coordinated and collaborative effects in breeding and integrated approaches to disease management and extension programming.The specific project objectives include:"Examining recombinant inbred lines for complete resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using greenhouse assays and association mapping; and"Improve stakeholder's knowledge of the risk and management of SSR in a given growing season.(8) Iron deficient chlorosis: Getting to the root of the problem; The goal of this research project is to develop useful molecular markers that can identify IDC efficient genotypes and use state of the art genomic technologies to identify genes involved in IDC efficiency or inefficiency. The ultimate goal of the research is to isolate candidate genes and develop markers for these genes that will aid the soybean breeder in developing IDC resistant varieties. (9) Screening for genetic resistance against soybean viruses; Previous research has found that the control of the disease caused by bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) could not be achieved through management of the virus vector, the bean leaf beetle. Therefore, the most practical and reliable method for disease control is disease resistance. However, adequate levels of resistance have not been available. Hill and Grau have developed a novel seed-based assay to measure the amount of virus in a seed to identify BPMV field tolerance. That is coupled with a method for BPMV resistance screening which involves an engineered BPMV isolate that contains a gene for herbicide resistance. When soybean plants are inoculated with the engineered BPMV isolate, one can easily and rapidly assay for BPMV resistance. The goal of this project is to identify resistant BPMV soybean lines that can be used by soybean breeders. Similar to the challenge associated with BPMV, there are no known sources of natural resistance against AMV in soybean The antibody-based method developed in the laboratories of Drs. Hill and Grau (Crop Science 47:212-218) for finding sources of resistance against BPMV and SMV by screening seeds collected from field-grown soybean plants is likely applicable to AMV. However, the major limitation in application of this approach to AMV was lack of a suitable immunoassay. Suitable antibodies against AMV have now been produced that can easily detect a variety of virus isolates in infected plants. Furthermore, approximately 7 lines of infected seeds have been established from 7 independent infected Colfax plants inoculated with isolate AMV-S30 and one line from an infected Williams82 with AMV-Joe Davis. In grow-out tests, AMV-Joe Davis and AMV-S30 were 9 and 8% seed transmissible in Williams82 and Colfax, respectively; these materials will be used in development of procedures to identify AMV resistance in soybeans. Specific objectives of this project include: "Identify resistance to bean pod mottle (BPMV) and alfalfa mosaic (AMV) viruses; and"Complete development of an antibody-based assay for detection and quantification of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV). (10) The use of VIGS technology to decrease yield-limiting stress in soybeans; The project's goal is to understand the genetic pathways involved in biotic and abiotic stress resistance to enable the development of soybean germplasm with new defensive features that will lead to the breeding of soybean varieties that respond less to the variation of growing conditions. The VIGS technology uses BPMV (Bean pod mottle virus) to carry pieces of soybean gene sequences into the plant to turn off (silence) requisite target genes. In this technology, a piece of a soybean gene is placed in the BPMV virus vector and inserted in the soybean genome. Thus, VIGS technology allows for rapid screening and assessing the function of the genes being tested. The NCSRP portion of this project is the NCSRP contribution to a multi-state, multi-investigator project funded by USB, ISA, and NSF. The specific objectives are to: "Optimize BPMV-DNA-based vector for developing a virus-based high-throughput gene silencing system; "Use high-throughput gene silencing to identify soybean genes involved in resistance to biotic and abiotic stress; "Select appropriate genes for development of soybean germplasm with new defensive features; and"Conduct bi-annual meetings of the collaborators to review all data, discuss difficulties, suggest alternatives, coordinate studies and plan further initiatives. | |
| Program Services, Projects 11 through 12 | (11) Enhancing disease resistance in soybean through the tools of biotechnology; The goal of this program is to evaluate transgenic approaches to provide resistance to viral attack, and aphid predation. The resultant genetic material from this program can then be incorporated into integrated pest management practices as a means to generate stable resistance under field conditions. Project objectives are designed to enhance genetic resistance towards the three main virus agents in the north central US, namely bean pod mottle virus (BPMV), alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and test both interfering RNAs and microRNAs directed towards critical genes of aphids as a means to combat insect predation. To this end the specific objectives are to:"Conduct field trials in Ohio and Nebraska with transgenic soybean events identified with resistance towards the three major viruses that infect soybeans in the north central US, BPMV, SMV and AMV; and"Design and test strategies for expression of interfering RNA molecules in soybean that target critical genes of aphids as a means to combat predation of the insect.(12) Characterization of promoters from soybean pathogen-resistance genes; The goal of this project is to develop a better understanding of how soybean responds to pathogen attack by isolating and studying the regulatory regions of pathogen defense-response genes. After genes that are involved in the defense-response are identified, the promoter regions of those genes will be cloned and studied using a variety of different approaches. As promoters largely dictate the intensity and timing of gene expression, they should provide critical and precise information on responses of the soybean plant to pathogen attack. Promoter analysis will increase our understanding of the defense response and provide improved biotechnological tools for combating soybean pests. Candidate defense response genes and their promoters have been identified using different approaches. Our first approach was to use QTLs that were associated with resistance and then attempt to identify the promoters and genes within those regions that were potential defense response genes. This early approach was selected as being useful for identification of novel genes and promoters. A second approach has been to identify defense response genes using microarray (expression) data. Some inducible genes have been identified and validated using RT-PCR. Our third approach utilizes RNA-seq (expression) for more robust expression analysis and this is ongoing. | |
| Program Services, Projects 1 through 4 | (1) Soybean Aphid Management, Resistance, and Outreach in the North Central Region; The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is the most damaging insect pest to soybean production in the North Central region, capable of causing yield loss of 40% or more if not properly managed. Though there are well-researched economic thresholds and many available insecticides, producers face an increasing variety of choices for soybean aphid management. These include aphid-resistant varieties and new chemicals (notably, insecticidal seed treatments). Producers must also take into account factors such as environmental and crop variables, or the potential presence of new virulent aphid biotypes. These management factors and choices have potentially large financial implications; and yet research-based advice on many of them are still largely lacking. This project combines the multidisciplinary expertise of 28 scientists in 12 states, including entomologists, geneticists, plant breeders, agricultural economists, and Extension specialists. This multidisciplinary research proposal is organized into five large objectives, each with associated sub-objectives: "Integrated pest management;"Breeding and genetic resistance to soybean aphid;"Soybean aphid biotypes;"Biological control; and "Extension and outreach.(2) Improving management of soybean cyst nematode through Extension demonstration and outreach: Phase II; The project goal is to improve soybean cyst nematode (SCN) management in the North Central states. As part of this overall goal, the team will establish research plots in all states involved. The focus will be on seed treatment trials and demonstrations that provide an information resource for Extension grower meetings and developing fact sheets. The projects specific objectives are to:"Improve management and awareness of SCN;"Demonstrate the effects of seed treatments on SCN populations and yield;"Produce educational materials that summarize results of the project that impact SCN management; and "Provide a forum for state Extension specialists to coordinate research and Extension educational activities. (3) Engineered resistance to soybean cyst nematode via induced gene silencing (RNAi); The primary goal of this research project is to establish a new set of biotech traits that have durable resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN). Turning off genes by a process known as RNA interference (RNAi) has tremendous potential as a new strategy to increase nematode resistance. Past research with other nematode species has demonstrated the scientific merit of the technique. This project will investigate the opportunities to insert target gene sequences in the SCN that will provide durable genetic materials that will be lethal to SCN populations.(4) Identification and biology of seedling pathogens of soybean; Soybean pathogens have been shown to cause seedling diseases which result in poor stands, weak plants and reduced seed yields. Researchers agree that information is lacking about the biology of the individual pathogens and the factors involved in disease development in the field environment. This research project will advance our understanding of the pathogens that cause seedling diseases and root rots, the relative importance of the various pathogens in the region, and insight on the aggressiveness of the various pathogens under different environmental conditions.The objectives of this joint research project are to:"Identify fungi responsible for causing seedling blights of soybean;"Develop high throughput diagnostic tools for identifying fungal seeding pathogens;"Characterize the biology of seedling pathogens and develop assays for inoculation; and"Identify the impact of environmental conditions on seedling pathogens. | |
| Form 990, Part VI, Line 19 | Form 990, Part VI, Line 19: Other Organization Documents Publicly Available | Governing documents, conflict of interest policy and financial statements are available to the public upon request. |
| Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c | Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c: Explanation of Monitoring and Enforcement of Conflicts | ANNUALLY THE BOARD IS REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE CONFLICTING INTERESTS. BOARD MEMBERS ARE REQUIRED TO RECUSE THEMSELVES FROM ANY VOTE IF THERE IS A CONFLICT. |
| Form 990, Part VI, Line 11 | Form 990, Part VI, Line 11: Form 990 Review Process | PRESENTED TO THE BOARD AT THE MEETING HELD ON DECEMBER 7, 2012 |
| Software ID: | 11000144 |
| Software Version: | 2011v1.2 |