Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
Information about Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ) and its instructions is at www.irs.gov/form990.
| (i)Name of supported organization | (ii) EIN | (iii) Type of organization (described on lines 1- 9 above or IRC section (see instructions)) | (iv) Is the organization listed in your governing document? | (v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions) | (vi) Amount of other support (see instructions) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||||
| Total | ||||||
Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2010 | (b) 2011 | (c) 2012 | (d) 2013 | (e) 2014 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") .... | 61,850,631 | 59,279,254 | 58,355,026 | 58,635,001 | 73,405,546 | 311,525,458 |
| 2 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf....... | ||||||
| 3 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | 500,000 | 486,000 | 514,000 | 500,000 | 500,000 | 2,500,000 |
| 4 | Total. Add lines 1 through 3 | 62,350,631 | 59,765,254 | 58,869,026 | 59,135,001 | 73,905,546 | 314,025,458 |
| 5 | The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f).. | 159,928,420 | |||||
| 6 | Public support. Subtract line 5 from line 4. | 154,097,038 | |||||
Calendar year
(or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2010 | (b) 2011 | (c) 2012 | (d) 2013 | (e) 2014 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Amounts from line 4.. | 62,350,631 | 59,765,254 | 58,869,026 | 59,135,001 | 73,905,546 | 314,025,458 |
| 8 | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources... | 173,991 | 134,140 | 140,900 | 213,728 | 214,303 | 877,062 |
| 9 | Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.. | ||||||
| 10 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.).. | ||||||
| 11 | Total support Add lines 7 through 10. | 314,902,520 | |||||
Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2010 | (b) 2011 | (c) 2012 | (d) 2013 | (e) 2014 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") . | ||||||
| 2 | Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose...... | ||||||
| 3 | Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513.. | ||||||
| 4 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf... | ||||||
| 5 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | ||||||
| 6 | Total. Add lines 1 through 5. | ||||||
| 7a | Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons... | ||||||
| b | Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 7a and 7b.. | ||||||
| 8 | Public support (Subtract line 7c from line 6.) | ||||||
Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2010 | (b) 2011 | (c) 2012 | (d) 2013 | (e) 2014 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Amounts from line 6... | ||||||
| 10a | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources.. | ||||||
| b | Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 10a and 10b. | ||||||
| 11 | Net income from unrelated business activities not included in line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on. | ||||||
| 12 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.) .. | ||||||
| 13 | Total support. (Add lines 9, 10c, 11, and 12.).. | ||||||
| Section A - Adjusted Net Income | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
||||
| 1 | Net short-term capital gain | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Other gross income (see instructions) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Add lines 1 through 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Depreciation and depletion | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Portion of operating expenses paid or incurred for production or collection of gross income or for management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for production of income (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Other expenses (see instructions) | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Adjusted Net Income (subtract lines 5, 6 and 7 from line 4) | 8 | ||||
| Section B - Minimum Asset Amount | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
||||
| 1 | Aggregate fair market value of all non-exempt-use assets (see instructions for short tax year or assets held for part of year): | 1 | ||||
| a | Average monthly value of securities | 1a | ||||
| b | Average monthly cash balances | 1b | ||||
| c | Fair market value of other non-exempt-use assets | 1c | ||||
| d | Total (add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c) | 1d | ||||
| e | Discount claimed for blockage or other factors (explain in detail in Part VI): | |||||
| 2 | Acquisition indebtedness applicable to non-exempt use assets | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Subtract line 2 from line 1d | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Cash deemed held for exempt use. Enter 1-1/2% of line 3 (for greater amount, see instructions). | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Net value of non-exempt-use assets (subtract line 4 from line 3) | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Multiply line 5 by .035 | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Minimum Asset Amount (add line 7 to line 6) | 8 | ||||
| Section C - Distributable Amount | Current Year | |||||
| 1 | Adjusted net income for prior year (from Section A, line 8, Column A) | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Enter 85% of line 1 | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Minimum asset amount for prior year (from Section B, line 8, Column A) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Enter greater of line 2 or line 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Income tax imposed in prior year | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Distributable Amount. Subtract line 5 from line 4, unless subject to emergency temporary reduction (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Check here if the current year is the organization's first as a non-functionally-integrated Type III supporting organization (see instructions) | |||||
| Section D - Distributions | Current Year | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Amounts paid to supported organizations to accomplish exempt purposes | ||
|
2
Amounts paid to perform activity that directly furthers exempt purposes of supported organizations, in excess of income from activity |
||
| 3 Administrative expenses paid to accomplish exempt purposes of supported organizations | ||
| 4 Amounts paid to acquire exempt-use assets | ||
| 5 Qualified set-aside amounts (prior IRS approval required) | ||
| 6 Other distributions (describe in Part VI). See instructions | ||
| 7Total annual distributions. Add lines 1 through 6. | ||
|
8
Distributions to attentive supported organizations to which the organization is responsive (provide details in Part VI). See instructions |
||
| 9 Distributable amount for 2014 from Section C, line 6 | ||
| 10 Line 8 amount divided by Line 9 amount | ||
| Section E - Distribution Allocations (see instructions) |
(i) Excess Distributions |
(ii) Underdistributions Pre-2014 |
(iii) Distributable Amount for 2014 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1
Distributable amount for 2014 from Section C, line 6 |
||||
|
2
Underdistributions, if any, for years prior to 2014 (reasonable cause required--see instructions) |
||||
| 3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2014: | ||||
| a From 2009.......X | ||||
| b From 2010.......X | ||||
| c From 2011.......X | ||||
| d From 2012.......X | ||||
| e From 2013....... | ||||
| fTotal of lines 3a through e | ||||
| g Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| h Applied to 2014 distributable amount | ||||
|
i
Carryover from 2009 not applied (see instructions) |
||||
| j Remainder. Subtract lines 3g, 3h, and 3i from 3f. | ||||
| 4Distributions for 2014 from Section D, line 7: | ||||
| $ | ||||
| a Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| b Applied to 2014 distributable amount | ||||
| c Remainder. Subtract lines 4a and 4b from 4. | ||||
|
5
Remaining underdistributions for years prior to 2014, if any. Subtract lines 3g and 4a from line 2 (if amount greater than zero, see instructions) |
||||
|
6
Remaining underdistributions for 2014. Subtract lines 3h and 4b from line 1 (if amount greater than zero, see instructions) |
||||
|
7 Excess distributions carryover to 2015. Add lines 3j and 4c. |
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| 8 Breakdown of line 7: | ||||
| a From 2010.......X | ||||
| b From 2011.......X | ||||
| c From 2012.......X | ||||
| d From 2013....... | ||||
| e From 2014....... | ||||
| Facts And Circumstances Test |
|---|
| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|
| Software ID: | |
| Software Version: |
Attach to Form 990 or 990-EZ.
Information about Schedule O (Form 990 or 990-EZ) and its instructions is at| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|---|
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION MISSION: | THE FOUNDATION FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS TO SUPPORT THE NIH IN ITS MISSION TO IMPROVE HEALTH, BY FORMING AND FACILITATING PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING. THE FOUNDATION BUILDS PARTNERSHIP FOR DISCOVERY AND INNOVATION TO IMPROVE HEALTH. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: | PROGRAM ONE - RESEARCH PARTNERSHIPS - IN 2014, THE FOUNDATION FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH CONTINUED TO SUPPORT THE MISSION OF THE NIH, FORGING NEW MODELS OF COLLABORATION FOCUSED ON THE GOAL OF ADVANCING BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE TO IMPROVE LIVES. FNIH INITIATIVES BRING TOGETHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, FOUNDATIONS, NON-PROFITS, CORPORATIONS AND ACADEMIA IN A WIDE PORTFOLIO OF PROGRAMS TO UNDERSTAND DISEASE, SUPPORT NIH RESEARCH, ENHANCE GLOBAL HEALTH, DEVELOP THE CAREERS OF YOUNGER RESEARCHERS, RECOGNIZE SCIENTIFIC ACHIEVEMENT, EDUCATE THE PUBLIC ABOUT SCIENCE AND MUCH MORE. AMONG THE FNIH PROGRAMS ARE: ACCELERATING MEDICINES PARTNERSHIP (AMP) NEW MEDICINES THAT SHOW PROMISE IN THE LABORATORY OFTEN DO NOT SUCCEED IN HUMAN TESTING. IN FACT, ABOUT 95 PERCENT FAIL, TYPICALLY LATE IN THE CLINICAL TRIALS PROCESS AFTER MILLIONS OF DOLLARS HAVE BEEN INVESTED. SUCH A HIGH-COST, LOW-REWARD PIPELINE POINTS TO THE NEED FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF HOW DISEASES DEVELOP AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL-WHICH IS WHY THE FNIH IS HELPING TO LEAD AN UNPRECEDENTED PARTNERSHIP TO FILL THIS NEED. LAUNCHED IN 2014, THE ACCELERATING MEDICINES PARTNERSHIP (AMP) IS A $230 MILLION, FIVE-YEAR EFFORT JOINING THE FORCES OF THE FNIH, THE NIH AND THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION (FDA) WITH THOSE OF NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS AND 10 BIOPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES TO DEVISE A RADICALLY NEW APPROACH TO EARLY-STAGE DRUG DEVELOPMENT. THESE COMPANIES HAVE AGREED TO SHARE EXPERTISE, RESOURCES AND DATA TO ANSWER A CRITICAL QUESTION: WHICH BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS UNDERLYING A GIVEN DISEASE ARE THE BEST CANDIDATES FOR TARGETING NEW TREATMENTS? INSTEAD OF HAVING DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS PURSUE DISPARATE PATHWAYS IN ISOLATION, AMP WILL GENERATE PRE-COMPETITIVE, DISEASE-SPECIFIC DATA ON THE GENETIC AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS MOST LIKELY TO YIELD SUCCESS WHEN USED AS TARGETS FOR NEW MEDICINES. THE DATA WILL BE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE TO THE BIOMEDICAL COMMUNITY SO THAT MANY CAN USE IT AS THE FOUNDATION FOR DRUG DISCOVERY. AMP: TYPE 2 DIABETES MORE THAN 100 MILLION AMERICANS ALREADY HAVE TYPE 2 DIABETES OR ARE AT HIGH RISK, AND 382 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE HAVE A TYPE 2 DIAGNOSIS. ALTHOUGH THERAPIES ARE AVAILABLE, NONE CAN REVERSE THE DISEASE PROCESS OR PREVENT THE PROGRESSION THAT LEADS TO LIFE-ALTERING COMPLICATIONS SUCH AS CARDIOVASCULAR AND KIDNEY DISEASE, LIMB LOSS AND BLINDNESS. AMP PARTNERS WILL LEVERAGE THE SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNT OF DATA ALREADY AVAILABLE FROM PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND THOSE AT HIGH RISK TO IDENTIFY AND VALIDATE DNA REGIONS CRITICAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OR PROGRESSION OF THE DISEASE, WITH AN EYE TOWARD IDENTIFYING POTENTIAL DRUG TARGETS. AMP: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF DEMENTIA, A CONDITION THAT AFFECTS 36 MILLION PEOPLE GLOBALLY-A NUMBER EXPECTED TO SKYROCKET TO 115 MILLION BY 2050 UNLESS AN EFFECTIVE THERAPY IS DEVELOPED. SCIENTISTS KNOW THAT PEOPLE WITH AD HAVE THE SIGNATURE PROTEIN- BASED BRAIN LESIONS CALLED PLAQUES AND TANGLES; HOWEVER, EFFORTS TO HARNESS THIS KNOWLEDGE TO DEVELOP NEW THERAPIES HAVE NOT SUCCEEDED. AMP PARTNERS ARE WORKING TO ESTABLISH AN EXPANDED SET OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS THAT ARE PRESENT WHEN AD DEVELOPS, AND THEN DETERMINE WHICH ARE MOST PROMISING FOR DEVELOPING NEW TREATMENTS AND PREDICTING THE LIKELIHOOD OF CLINICAL RESPONSE. THE PROJECT WILL INVOLVE THE LARGE-SCALE ANALYSIS OF BRAIN TISSUE FROM AD PATIENTS AND CLINICAL TRIALS TO VALIDATE NEWLY IDENTIFIED BIOMARKERS. AMP: RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS & LUPUS RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) AND LUPUS ARE JUST TWO OF MANY DISORDERS THAT OCCUR WHEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM MISTAKENLY ATTACKS PARTS OF THE BODY THAT IT IS DESIGNED TO PROTECT, LEADING TO INFLAMMATION THAT DESTROYS TISSUES. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY TREATMENTS CAN HELP, BUT MOST PEOPLE WITH RA RESPOND TO CURRENT TREATMENTS ONLY PARTIALLY OR TEMPORARILY. IN THE CASE OF LUPUS, NO EFFECTIVE TARGETED THERAPIES EXIST FOR THE MOST SEVERE FORMS OF THE DISEASE. AMP PARTNERS WILL ANALYZE TISSUE AND BLOOD SAMPLES FROM PEOPLE WITH RA AND LUPUS TO PINPOINT GENES, PROTEINS, CHEMICAL PATHWAYS AND NETWORKS INVOLVED AT THE CELLULAR LEVEL. THIS IS ESSENTIAL FOR DEVELOPING TARGETED TREATMENTS FOR THESE DEBILITATING CONDITIONS, BUT IT ALSO COULD SHED LIGHT ON THE AUTOIMMUNE PROCESS IMPLICATED IN A WIDE RANGE OF DISEASES. THE LUNG CANCER MASTER PROTOCOL PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED SQUAMOUS CELL LUNG CANCER HAVE FEW GOOD TREATMENT OPTIONS BEYOND SURGERY, YET THE PACE OF TRADITIONAL CLINICAL TRIALS REMAINS SLOW, WITH MOST POTENTIAL TREATMENTS NEVER MAKING IT TO THE BEDSIDE. THE LUNG CANCER MASTER PROTOCOL (LUNG-MAP) TRIAL, THE RESULT OF A PARTNERSHIP THAT INCLUDES THE FNIH, IS PIONEERING A NEW MODEL DESIGNED TO SPEED ACCESS TO INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS FOR PATIENTS AND ALLOW MULTIPLE RESEARCHERS TO SHARE ONE UMBRELLA STRUCTURE AND RECRUITMENT PROCESS, SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASING THEIR EFFICIENCY. LAUNCHED IN JUNE 2014, LUNG-MAP USES GENOMIC PROFILING TECHNOLOGY TO TEST PATIENTS FOR OVER 200 CANCER-RELATED GENETIC ALTERATIONS, THEN ASSIGNS THEM TO ONE OF A NUMBER OF INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENT STUDIES BASED ON THEIR GENETIC PROFILE. WITHIN ITS FIRST SIX MONTHS, LUNG-MAP WAS ENROLLING PATIENTS AT MORE THAN 400 SITES IN 39 STATES. THE TRIAL WILL ADD NEW INVESTIGATIONAL TREATMENTS OVER TIME, WITH THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF TESTING 10 TO 12 TARGETED THERAPIES IN 5,000 PATIENTS OVER THE NEXT FIVE YEARS. BESIDES THE FNIH, PARTNERS IN THE EFFORT INCLUDE THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, SWOG CANCER RESEARCH, FRIENDS OF CANCER RESEARCH, FOUNDATION MEDICINE, FIVE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND SEVERAL LUNG CANCER ADVOCACY GROUPS. CONSENSUS DEFINITION OF CLINICALLY IMPORTANT SARCOPENIA. SARCOPENIA-AGE-RELATED MUSCLE LOSS AND WEAKNESS-AFFECTS NEARLY 1 IN 3 PEOPLE OVER 60 AND HALF OF THOSE OVER AGE 80. HOWEVER, LACK OF AN EVIDENCE-BASED DEFINITION FOR SARCOPENIA HAS LIMITED OUR ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND ITS PROGRESSION AND DEVELOP STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. THIS CHANGED IN APRIL 2014 WITH THE LANDMARK PUBLICATION OF SIX SPECIAL ONLINE ARTICLES IN THE JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY: MEDICAL SCIENCES, WHICH SET FORTH DATA-DRIVEN DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR SARCOPENIA, INCLUDING DEFINITIONS OF GRIP STRENGTH AND MUSCLE MASS. THE ARTICLES RESULTED FROM A COLLABORATIVE PROJECT BY THE FNIH BIOMARKERS CONSORTIUM, THE FDA, THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING AND SEVERAL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES, IN WHICH RESEARCHERS ANALYZED DATA FROM NINE LONG-TERM EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES INVOLVING OVER 26,000 HEALTHY PARTICIPANTS TO GENERATE A DEFINITION OF SARCOPENIA. IN ADDITION TO DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, THE 2014 PUBLICATIONS PROVIDE SPECIFIC CHARACTERIZATIONS OF HOW LOW LEAN MASS AND LOW STRENGTH RELATE TO PROBLEMS WITH MOBILITY. THIS NEW INFORMATION IS EXPECTED TO INFLUENCE TREATMENT DECISIONS AND HELP IDENTIFY GROUPS OF AT-RISK PATIENTS WHO ARE GOOD CANDIDATES FOR TESTING INTERVENTIONS. RIVER BLINDNESS: MOVING BEYOND CONTROL TO ELIMINATION OVER THE PAST FEW DECADES, FOCUSED EFFORTS TO CONTROL THE TROPICAL DISEASE ONCHOCERCIASIS, OR RIVER BLINDNESS, HAVE DRASTICALLY LOWERED INCIDENCE IN SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA, BUT THE DISEASE CONTINUES TO HAVE A DEVASTATING IMPACT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA. RIVER BLINDNESS IS CAUSED BY ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS WORMS, WHICH ARE TRANSMITTED TO HUMANS THROUGH REPEATED BITES FROM INFECTED BLACKFLIES. MASS ADMINISTRATION OF THE DRUG IVERMECTIN IS AN EFFECTIVE CONTROL STRATEGY, BUT IT DOES NOT GUARANTEE ELIMINATION OF THE DISEASE FROM A POPULATION, AS PEOPLE CAN CARRY THE WORMS WITHOUT EXHIBITING SYMPTOMS. THE FNIH IS WORKING WITH THE NIAID TO DETERMINE IF A BLOOD OR URINE TEST COULD BE DEVELOPED TO IDENTIFY PEOPLE WHO ARE CARRIERS OF ADULT FEMALE ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS WORMS (OVAF). ONCE INSIDE A HUMAN HOST, THESE FEMALES PRODUCE SMALLER LARVAE THAT OVER TIME CAN CAUSE CHRONIC SKIN DISEASE, SEVERE ITCHING AND EYE LESIONS THAT LEAD TO BLINDNESS. KNOWING IF SOMEONE IS A CARRIER WOULD ENSURE THEY COULD BE TREATED AND PREVENT TRANSMISSION OF THE WORMS TO UNINFECTED BLACKFLIES. THE FNIH AND NIAID ARE STUDYING OVAF AND OVAF-INFECTED HUMANS TO IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS IN BLOOD AND URINE THAT MIGHT INDICATE THE PRESENCE OF THE FEMALE WORM, AND THEN TEST AND VALIDATE THE MOST PROMISING CANDIDATES. THE ULTIMATE GOAL IS A POINT-OF-CARE TEST THAT WOULD HELP ERADICATE RIVER BLINDNESS AROUND THE GLOBE. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: | THE WORK OF THE FNIH ALSO INCLUDES INITIATIVES AND STUDIES IN NUMEROUS OTHER AREAS, INCLUDING: ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE NEUROIMAGING INITIATIVE AS THE ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE NEUROIMAGING INITIATIVE (ADNI) APPROACHES THE END OF ITS FIRST DECADE, THE PARTNERSHIP REMAINS A GOLD STANDARD FOR HOW ACADEMIC, INDUSTRY, ADVOCACY AND GOVERNMENT PARTNERS CAN, TOGETHER, ADVANCE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH. INVOLVING MORE THAN 25 PARTNERS COORDINATED BY FNIH, ADNI CREATED AN ONLINE, OPEN-ACCESS DATABASE AND IMAGE ARCHIVE FOR ALL INFORMATION COLLECTED BY RESEARCHERS. IN ADNI PHASE 1, THE STUDY PERFORMED MRI AND PET SCANS AND COLLECTED CEREBROSPINAL FLUID AND OTHER BIOSAMPLES FROM 1,500 PARTICIPANTS. PHASE 2, WHICH WILL CONTINUE THROUGH 2015, FOLLOWS PHASE 1 PARTICIPANTS AND HAS ENROLLED AN ADDITIONAL 750 PEOPLE. THE STUDY HAS ALSO EXPANDED TO INCLUDE GENETIC TESTING, INCLUDING WHOLE-GENOME SEQUENCING FOR MORE THAN 800 PARTICIPANTS. SPIROMICS CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD), WHICH INCLUDES CHRONIC BRONCHITIS AND EMPHYSEMA, AFFECTS MORE THAN 12 MILLION AMERICANS AND IS THE COUNTRY'S THIRD LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH. THE DISEASE PROGRESSES OVER TIME, SUGGESTING THAT THERE MAY BE POINTS FOR EARLY INTERVENTION TO PREVENT FULL-BLOWN COPD FROM DEVELOPING. HOWEVER, WE DO NOT UNDERSTAND THE DISEASE'S CLINICAL COURSE WELL ENOUGH TO MAKE THAT HAPPEN. THE SPIROMICS (SUBPOPULATIONS AND INTERMEDIATE OUTCOME MEASURES IN COPD STUDY) PROGRAM BRINGS TOGETHER THE NATIONAL HEART, LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE, THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, INDUSTRY PARTNERS AND MULTIPLE RESEARCHERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THE STUDY IS ENROLLING SUBJECTS WITH COPD AT 11 SITES NATIONALLY AND COLLECTING BLOOD SAMPLES, IMAGES, LUNG FUNCTION TESTS AND GENETIC INFORMATION. FNIH COORDINATES THE SPIROMICS EXTERNAL SCIENTIFIC BOARD. GLOBAL HEALTH COLLABORATING WITH ORGANIZATIONS AROUND THE WORLD, FNIH FURTHERS THE UNDERSTANDING AND CONTROL OF DISEASES THAT SICKEN AND KILL HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF PEOPLE EVERY YEAR. WORKING IN THE U.S. AND INTERNATIONALLY, FNIH-FUNDED INVESTIGATORS ARE MAKING STRIDES AGAINST LIFE-THREATENING DISEASES INCLUDING MALARIA, DENGUE, TUBERCULOSIS, ENTERIC INFECTIONS AND MALNUTRITION. GRAND CHALLENGES IN GLOBAL HEALTH FOUND IN 100 COUNTRIES, WITH NO VACCINE AND NO CURE, THE MOSQUITO-BORNE VIRAL DISEASE KNOWN A DENGUE FEVER IS A SIGNIFICANT GLOBAL HEALTH THREAT. USING INSECTICIDES TO CONTROL POPULATIONS OF THE FEMALE AEDES AEGYPTI MOSQUITO, WHICH SPREADS THE VIRUS, HAS FAILED TO STOP DENGUE; IN FACT, INCIDENCE HAS INCREASED 30-FOLD IN THE LAST 50 YEARS. THE FNIH'S GRAND CHALLENGES IN GLOBAL HEALTH, AN INITIATIVE FUNDED BY THE BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION, IS SUPPORTING A GLOBAL NETWORK OF RESEARCHERS WHO HAVE FOUND THAT INFECTING THE MOSQUITOES WITH WOLBACHIA, A COMMON BACTERIUM FOUND IN MANY INSECTS, CAN REDUCE MOSQUITOES' ABILITY TO TRANSMIT THE VIRUS. THE METHOD, WHICH HAS SHOWN GREAT PROMISE THROUGH A SERIES OF TEST RELEASES, IS PART OF ELIMINATE DENGUE, ONE OF SEVERAL PROJECTS THAT ARE PART OF THE FNIH'S VECTOR-BASED CONTROL OF TRANSMISSION: DISCOVER RESEARCH (VCTR) PROGRAM, AN OFFSHOOT OF THE GRAND CHALLENGES INITIATIVE. MAL-ED THE $40 MILLION MAL-ED NETWORK, A COLLABORATIVE PROJECT SUPPORTED BY THE BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION AND MANAGED BY THE FNIH IN COOPERATING WITH THE NIH FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER, SUPPORTS RESEARCHERS AT EIGHT FIELD SITES IN AFRICA, ASIA AND SOUTH AMERICA, WHO HAVE BEEN FOLLOWING MORE THAN 1,600 CHILDREN SINCE BIRTH, TO UNDERSTAND HOW ENTERIC PATHOGENS, NUTRITION AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE LINKED TO PHYSICAL GROWTH, COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT AND VACCINE RESPONSE. IDENTIFYING BIOMARKERS THAT PREDICT GROWTH FALTERING AND/OR IMPAIRED COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT WILL INFORM DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIES FOR TIMELY INTERVENTION. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: | PROGRAM TWO - FELLOWSHIPS AND TRAINING PROGRAMS - WHILE TECHNOLOGY PLAYS AN INCREASINGLY VITAL ROLE IN ADVANCING HUMAN HEALTH, PROGRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT A NEW GENERATION OF CAPABLE AND CURIOUS RESEARCHERS. FNIH PROGRAMS IN VARIOUS FORMATS TARGET A WIDE ARRAY OF TOPICS AND EDUCATION LEVELS, MAKING THE WORLD-CLASS METHODS AND RESOURCES OF THE NIH AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS AND RESEARCHERS ALL OVER THE WORLD. EXAMPLES INCLUDE: MEDICAL RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAM. THE MEDICAL RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAM BRINGS TO THE NIH CAMPUS SOME OF THE BEST AND BRIGHTEST YOUNG RESEARCHERS FROM MEDICAL, DENTAL AND VETERINARY SCHOOLS ACROSS THE COUNTRY. DURING THE YEAR-LONG PROGRAM, THE STUDENTS CONDUCT BASIC, TRANSLATIONAL OR CLINICAL RESEARCH IN A FIELD OF THEIR CHOICE, GUIDED BY A MENTOR AND A TUTOR. THE PROGRAM IMMERSES STUDENTS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH EARLY IN THEIR CAREER TRAINING. IN ADDITION TO THEIR RESEARCH WORK, STUDENTS COMPLETE AN ACADEMIC CURRICULUM AND INTERACT WITH NIH SCIENTIFIC LEADERS, INCLUDING INSTITUTE DIRECTORS, CLINICAL DIRECTORS AND ESTABLISHED INVESTIGATORS. THE PROGRAM MERGES AND BUILDS ON TWO EARLIER, HIGHLY SUCCESSFUL TRAINING PROGRAMS, THE HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE-NIH RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAM AND THE CLINICAL RESEARCH TRAINING PROGRAM. THE GOAL IS TO SUPPORT 70 SCHOLARS EACH YEAR. HUMAN GENOME EXHIBITION. BETWEEN JUNE 2013 AND AUGUST 2014, ROUGHLY THREE MILLION SMITHSONIAN VISITORS EXPERIENCED GENOME: UNLOCKING LIFE'S CODE AT THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, AN EXHIBITION MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH FUNDS RAISED, IN PART, BY THE FNIH. THE RESULT OF A COLLABORATION BETWEEN THE MUSEUM AND THE NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE, GENOME AWED VISITORS WITH THE COMPLEXITY AND POWER OF THE HUMAN GENOME USING 3-D MODELS, INTERACTIVE DISPLAYS, CUSTOM ANIMATIONS AND VIDEOS OF REAL-LIFE STORIES. IT CELEBRATED THE 10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT AND THE SUCCESSFUL SEQUENCING OF THE HUMAN GENETIC BLUEPRINT, HELPING VIEWERS UNDERSTAND HOW THIS KNOWLEDGE IS REVOLUTIONIZING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, DIVERSITY AND SOCIETY, ESPECIALLY HEALTH AND DISEASE. IN ADDITION TO THE 4,400-SQUARE-FOOT EXHIBITION ITSELF, WHICH TOOK TWO YEARS FOR MUSEUM DESIGNERS AND EDUCATORS TO DEVELOP AND BUILD, GENOME INCLUDED PUBLIC EVENTS, EDUCATIONAL SYMPOSIA, AN EDUCATORS' GUIDE AND THE WEBSITE WWW.UNLOCKINGLIFESCODE.ORG. GENOME IS NOW ON A MULTI-CITY TOUR THAT WILL TAKE IT TO MUSEUMS IN CALIFORNIA, THE MIDWEST AND ONTARIO THROUGH EARLY 2018. HONORS. WHAT IF WE COULD REMOVE AND REPLACE DAMAGED OR DEFECTIVE PARTS OF HUMAN DNA? SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN WORKING TO FIND SUCH A GENOME-EDITING TOOL, BUT JENNIFER DOUDNA, PH.D., PROFESSOR OF BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOPHYSICS AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY AND A HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INSTITUTE INVESTIGATOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, STANDS APART. DR. DOUDNA HAS FOCUSED HER RESEARCH ON THE STRUCTURE OF RNA, THE MOLECULE THAT CARRIES OUT DNA INSTRUCTIONS FOR CREATING THE PROTEINS THAT DRIVE PROCESSES IN THE BODY. THE FNIH AWARDED HER THE LURIE PRIZE IN BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES IN 2014 FOR THAT BODY OF STUDY, WHICH INCLUDES HER WORK ON CRISPR (CLUSTERED REGULARLY INTERSPACED SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS), THAT ARE REPETITIVE RNA SEQUENCES IN BACTERIA THAT PLAY A ROLE IN THEIR IMMUNITY. DOUDNA DISCOVERED THAT PIECES OF CRISPR RNA TEAM UP WITH A PROTEIN CALLED CAS9 TO CUT THROUGH THE DNA OF AN INVADING VIRUS. DOUDNA AND HER TEAM THEN ENGINEERED THEIR OWN RNA/PROTEIN COMBINATION AND SHOWED IT CAN BE USED TO PRECISELY EDIT THE DNA OF PLANTS, ANIMALS AND HUMANS. THIS CRISPR TOOL HAS TO BE MANAGED WITH CAREFUL ATTENTION TO BIOETHICAL CONCERNS, BUT IT COULD FUNCTION AS "MOLECULAR SCISSORS" THAT CAN FIX FAULTY GENES UNDERLYING A RANGE OF DISEASES AND HEALTH CONDITIONS. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4C, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: | PROGRAM THREE - CAPITAL PROJECTS - THE FOUNDATION'S CAPITAL PROJECTS ENHANCE THE RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT AT NIH, SUPPORTING AND PROMOTING THE IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES THAT RESULT FROM NIH'S LEADING-EDGE WORK. THE EDMOND J. SAFRA FAMILY LODGE, FOR EXAMPLE, OPENED IN 2005 TO SERVE AS A COMFORTABLE HOME-AWAY-FROM-HOME FOR FAMILIES THAT COME TO NIH'S CAMPUS IN BETHESDA, MARYLAND TO ACCOMPANY PATIENTS WHO ARE PARTICIPATING IN CLINICAL TRIALS OR RECEIVING TREATMENT AT NIH'S CLINICAL CENTER. SO FAR, THE LODGE HAS HOSTED MORE THAN 40,000 FAMILY MEMBERS AND CAREGIVERS OF ADULT PATIENTS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD. |
| FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, OTHER PROGRAM SERVICES: | MEMORIALS, AWARDS AND EVENTS - COLLABORATION HAPPENS WHEN PEOPLE CONNECT. THAT IS WHY MANAGING AND ORGANIZING MEETINGS AND EVENTS IS FUNDAMENTAL TO THE WORK OF THE FNIH. FROM LECTURES AND WORKSHOPS TO COLLABORATIVE SUMMITS, TELECONFERENCES AND MEDIA OPPORTUNITIES, THE FNIH FACILITATED MORE THAN 60 EVENTS IN 2014 - SPANNING THE GLOBE AND DOZENS OF FIELDS OF RESEARCH. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 | PRIOR TO THE SUBMISSION OF THE FOUNDATION FOR NIH'S FORM 990 TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, EACH VOTING MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH A COPY OF THE FINAL FORM 990 AS COMPLETED BY THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. BOARD DIRECTORS SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH AT LEAST TEN BUSINESS DAYS TO REVIEW THE FORM AND RAISE QUESTIONS, MAKE SUGGESTIONS, AND ADDRESS ANY POTENTIAL PROBLEMS OR CONCERNS WITH THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. A SPECIAL MEETING OF THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE WILL BE CALLED TO REVIEW THE SUGGESTED CHANGES FROM THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND TO APPROVE THE FINAL VERSION OF THE FORM 990 FOR SUBMISSION. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C | THE FOUNDATION REQUIRES DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, VOLUNTEER COMMITTEE MEMBERS, AND STAFF MEMBERS TO DISCLOSE REAL AND APPARENT CONFLICTS OF INTEREST FOR THEMSELVES AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS AND TO ANNUALLY SIGN A STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE. AFTER A CONFLICT OR AN APPARENT CONFLICT OF INTEREST HAS BEEN DISCLOSED, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OR THE BOARD COMMITTEE, OR THEIR DESIGNEE, IN THE ABSENCE OF THE INTERESTED PERSON, SHALL DETERMINE IF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST OR THE APPEARANCE OF A CONFLICT OF INTEREST EXISTS AND IS MATERIAL AND WILL DECIDE HOW IT IS TO BE MANAGED OR ELIMINATED. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 | BEGINNING IN 2015, THE NEWLY CREATED COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS WILL REVIEW AND APPROVE THE SALARIES OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AND KEY EMPLOYEES ANNUALLY. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 | ALL DOCUMENTS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. THE AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE POSTED TO THE ORGANIZATION'S WEBSITE. |
| FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C: | PROCESS HAS NOT CHANGED FROM THE PRIOR YEAR. |
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