Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
Go to
www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.
| (i) Name of supported organization | (ii) EIN | (iii) Type of organization (described on lines 1- 10 above (see instructions)) | (iv) Is the organization listed in your governing document? | (v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions) | (vi) Amount of other support (see instructions) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||||
|
Total |
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Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2016 | (b) 2017 | (c) 2018 | (d) 2019 | (e) 2020 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grant.") .. | 5,878,293 | 6,821,473 | 5,566,758 | 5,307,565 | 6,491,647 | 30,065,736 |
| 2 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf.... | ||||||
| 3 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | ||||||
| 4 | Total. Add lines 1 through 3 | 5,878,293 | 6,821,473 | 5,566,758 | 5,307,565 | 6,491,647 | 30,065,736 |
| 5 | The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f).. | 545,035 | |||||
| 6 | Public support. Subtract line 5 from line 4. | 29,520,701 | |||||
Calendar year
(or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2016 | (b) 2017 | (c) 2018 | (d) 2019 | (e) 2020 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Amounts from line 4.. | 5,878,293 | 6,821,473 | 5,566,758 | 5,307,565 | 6,491,647 | 30,065,736 |
| 8 | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources... | 6,736 | 903 | 874 | 39,742 | 15,882 | 64,137 |
| 9 | Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.. | ||||||
| 10 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.).. | ||||||
| 11 | Total support. Add lines 7 through 10 | 30,129,873 | |||||
Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2016 | (b) 2017 | (c) 2018 | (d) 2019 | (e) 2020 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") . | ||||||
| 2 | Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose | ||||||
| 3 | Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513 ..... | ||||||
| 4 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf... | ||||||
| 5 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge | ||||||
| 6 | Total. Add lines 1 through 5 | ||||||
| 7a | Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons | ||||||
| b | Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 7a and 7b.. | ||||||
| 8 | Public support. (Subtract line 7c from line 6.) | ||||||
Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2016 | (b) 2017 | (c) 2018 | (d) 2019 | (e) 2020 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Amounts from line 6... | ||||||
| 10a | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources.. | ||||||
| b | Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 10a and 10b. | ||||||
| 11 | Net income from unrelated business activities not included in line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on. | ||||||
| 12 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.) .. | ||||||
| 13 | Total support. (Add lines 9, 10c, 11, and 12.).. | ||||||
| Section A - Adjusted Net Income | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
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| 1 | Net short-term capital gain | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Other gross income (see instructions) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Add lines 1 through 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Depreciation and depletion | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Portion of operating expenses paid or incurred for production or collection of gross income or for management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for production of income (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Other expenses (see instructions) | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Adjusted Net Income (subtract lines 5, 6 and 7 from line 4) | 8 | ||||
| Section B - Minimum Asset Amount | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
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| 1 | Aggregate fair market value of all non-exempt-use assets (see instructions for short tax year or assets held for part of year): | 1 | ||||
| a | Average monthly value of securities | 1a | ||||
| b | Average monthly cash balances | 1b | ||||
| c | Fair market value of other non-exempt-use assets | 1c | ||||
| d | Total (add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c) | 1d | ||||
| e |
Discount claimed for blockage or other factors (explain in detail in Part VI): |
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| 2 | Acquisition indebtedness applicable to non-exempt use assets | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Subtract line 2 from line 1d | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Cash deemed held for exempt use. Enter 0.015 of line 3 (for greater amount, see instructions). | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Net value of non-exempt-use assets (subtract line 4 from line 3) | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Multiply line 5 by 0.035 | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Minimum Asset Amount (add line 7 to line 6) | 8 | ||||
| Section C - Distributable Amount | Current Year | |||||
| 1 | Adjusted net income for prior year (from Section A, line 8, Column A) | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Enter 85% of line 1 | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Minimum asset amount for prior year (from Section B, line 8, Column A) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Enter greater of line 2 or line 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Income tax imposed in prior year | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Distributable Amount. Subtract line 5 from line 4, unless subject to emergency temporary reduction (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| Section D - Distributions | Current Year | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Amounts paid to supported organizations to accomplish exempt purposes | 1 | |
|
2
Amounts paid to perform activity that directly furthers exempt purposes of supported organizations, in excess of income from activity |
2 | |
| 3 Administrative expenses paid to accomplish exempt purposes of supported organizations | 3 | |
| 4 Amounts paid to acquire exempt-use assets | 4 | |
| 5 Qualified set-aside amounts (prior IRS approval required - provide details in Part VI) | 5 | |
| 6 Other distributions (describe in Part VI). See instructions | 6 | |
| 7Total annual distributions. Add lines 1 through 6. | 7 | |
|
8
Distributions to attentive supported organizations to which the organization is responsive (provide details in Part VI). See instructions |
8 | |
| 9 Distributable amount for 2020 from Section C, line 6 | 9 | |
| 10 Line 8 amount divided by Line 9 amount | 10 | |
| Section E - Distribution Allocations (see instructions) |
(i) Excess Distributions |
(ii) Underdistributions Pre-2020 |
(iii) Distributable Amount for 2020 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Distributable amount for 2020 from Section C, line 6 | ||||
|
2
Underdistributions, if any, for years prior to 2019 (reasonable cause required-- explain in Part VI). See instructions. |
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| 3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2020: | ||||
| a From 2015....... | ||||
| b From 2016....... | ||||
| c From 2017....... | ||||
| d From 2018....... | ||||
| e From 2019....... | ||||
| fTotal of lines 3a through e | ||||
| g Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| h Applied to 2020 distributable amount | ||||
|
i
Carryover from 2015 not applied (see instructions) |
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| j Remainder. Subtract lines 3g, 3h, and 3i from line 3f. | ||||
| 4Distributions for 2020 from Section D, line 7: | ||||
| $ | ||||
| a Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| b Applied to 2020 distributable amount | ||||
| c Remainder. Subtract lines 4a and 4b from line 4. | ||||
|
5
Remaining underdistributions for years prior to 2020, if any. Subtract lines 3g and 4a from line 2. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions. |
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|
6
Remaining underdistributions for 2020. Subtract lines 3h and 4b from line 1. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions. |
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|
7 Excess distributions carryover to 2021. Add lines 3j and 4c. |
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| 8 Breakdown of line 7: | ||||
| a Excess from 2016..... | ||||
| b Excess from 2017..... | ||||
| c Excess from 2018..... | ||||
| d Excess from 2019..... | ||||
| e Excess from 2020..... | ||||
| Facts And Circumstances Test |
|---|
| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|---|
| PART II, LINE 17B | THE CENTER HAS A CONTINUOUS AND BONA FIDE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM THAT SEEKS TO SOLICIT CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE GENERAL PUBLIC, OTHER CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS AND GOVERNMENTAL UNITS. THE FUNDING STRUCTURE DOES NOT LEND ITSELF TO MEETING THE PUBLIC SUPPORT REQUIREMENT AS IT IS COMPRISED OF SEVERAL LARGE DONORS, NOT NUMEROUS SMALL DONORS. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS REPRESENT THE BROAD INTERESTS OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND THE CENTER'S MISSION IS TO PROVIDE SERVICES AND RESOURCES TO THE PUBLIC AND RESEARCHERS FREE OF CHARGE. THE ORGANIZATION IS AGGRESIVELY SEEKING TO EXPAND THE NUMBER OF ORGANIZATIONS AND AGENCIES PROVIDING OPERATIONAL FUNDING. |
| Software ID: | |
| Software Version: |
Attach to Form 990 or 990-EZ.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.
| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|---|
| FORM 990 - ORGANIZATION'S MISSION | COS IS A NON-PROFIT TECHNOLOGY COMPANY AIMING TO PROMOTE OPENNESS, INTEGRITY, AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. COS ACCOMPLISHES THIS BY EMPLOYING FIVE INTERDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES: (1) METASCIENCE - ACQUIRING EVIDENCE TO ENCOURAGE CHANGE - COS PROVIDES EVIDENCE ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, EVALUATES COS SERVICES TO MAXIMIZE EFFECTIVENESS, AND TRACKS CULTURE CHANGE IN OPENNESS; (2) INFRASTRUCTURE - BUILDING TECHNOLOGY TO ENABLE CHANGE - COS ESTABLISHES VIABILITY OF OPEN SCHOLARSHIP ACROSS THE ENTIRE RESEARCH LIFECYCLE, AND SUPPORTS HUNDREDS OF COMMUNITY INTERFACES FOR CONDUCTING AND SHARING SCHOLARLY ACTIVITY; (3) TRAINING - DISSEMINATING KNOWLEDGE TO ENACT CHANGE - COS OPTIMIZES TRAINING DELIVERY TO MAXIMIZE ITS REACH AND IMPACT PARTICULARLY FOR SUPPORTING UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES, AND FOSTERS SUSTAINABILITY WITH INTEGRATION INTO COURSE CURRICULA; (4) INCENTIVES - PROVIDING REASONS TO EMBRACE CHANGE - COS BRINGS ADOPTION OF ITS INCENTIVE SERVICES TO SCALE, MONITORS AND INCENTIVIZES ADOPTION BY STAKEHOLDERS, AND INCORPORATES CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF INTERVENTION EFFECTIVENESS; (5) COMMUNITY - FOSTERING CONNECTION AND INCLUSION TO PROPAGATE CHANGE -COS GROWS AND EMPOWERS COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS WITH INTEGRATED SERVICES AND COLLABORATION ACROSS STAKEHOLDER COMMUNITIES. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 2, PART III, LINE 4A | INFRASTRUCTURE: COS SUPPORTS AND MAINTAINS THE OSF (WWW.OSF.IO) TO HELP RESEARCHERS MANAGE, ARCHIVE, AND SHARE THEIR RESEARCH, PRIVATELY OR PUBLICLY. IN 2018, COS CONTINUED TO MAKE SIGNIFICANT PROGRESS IN ESTABLISHING THE OSF AS A FULL-FEATURED APPLICATION FRAMEWORK. THIS INCLUDED IMPROVEMENTS TO A NUMBER OF CORE FEATURES INCLUDING AUTHENTICATION, METADATA, MESSAGING, VERSION CONTROL, ACCESS CONTROL, DATA BASING, STORAGE SERVICES, AND A PUBLIC API. THE OSF IS NOW POSITIONED AS A FREE, PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE FOR CREATING, CONNECTING, AND INTEGRATING COUNTLESS SERVICES ACROSS THE RESEARCH LIFECYCLE. BECAUSE OF THE OSF'S OPEN, MODULAR DESIGN, WE AND OTHERS WILL BE ABLE TO INCORPORATE THE BACK- END SERVICES TO SUPPORT ANY KIND OF FRONT-END USER INTERFACES FOR COLLECTION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH PARTICIPANT DATA, WITH THE ABILITY TO EXTEND VERY EASILY TO COLLECTION OF META-DATA FOR ANY RESEARCH APPLICATION OR DISCIPLINE (NOT LIMITED TO SOCIAL SCIENCE). THE OSF PROVIDES A SOLUTION FOR RESEARCHERS WHO ARE COMPELLED TO CONDUCT THEIR RESEARCH OPENLY AND TRANSPARENTLY. IT ALSO PROVIDES A MECHANISM FOR POLICY MAKERS TO ENABLE PRACTICES OF OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY. THE OSF PROVIDES MULTIPLE POINTS OF ENTRY INTO OPEN PRACTICES, AND ALLOWS FOR RESEARCHERS TO ADOPT ADDITIONAL OPEN BEHAVIORS. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 2, PART III, LINE 4B | POLICY/COMMUNITY: AN ACTIVE OPEN SCIENCE COMMUNITY IS ESSENTIAL FOR TESTING AND IMPROVING INFRASTRUCTURE AND PRACTICES. OPEN SCIENCE PRACTICES WILL ACCELERATE DRAMATICALLY IF STAKEHOLDERS WITH LEVERS FOR CHANGE CREATE INCENTIVES OR REQUIREMENTS FOR RESEARCHERS. COS PROMOTES OPEN SCIENCE PRACTICES WITH JOURNALS, FUNDERS, RESEARCHERS, AND SOCIETIES. OUR POLICY TEAM TRACKS OPEN SCIENCE PRACTICES OF KEY COMMUNITY CHANGEMAKERS. WE OFFER SOLUTIONS TO CHANGE NORMS, INCENTIVES, AND POLICIES, WORKING IN COLLABORATION WITH PUBLISHERS, FUNDERS, SOCIETIES, INSTITUTIONS, AND RESEARCHER COMMUNITIES TO PROMOTE OPENNESS, RIGOR, AND REPRODUCIBILITY. THIS WORK IS GUIDED BY OUR TRANSPARENCY AND OPENNESS PROMOTION (TOP) GUIDELINES, A COMMUNITY DRIVEN EFFORT THAT PROVIDES A RUBRIC FOR ADOPTING OPENNESS STANDARDS. OVER 1,100 JOURNALS HAVE ADOPTED TOP GUIDELINES SINCE 2015. REREGISTRATION CHALLENGE: THE PREREGISTRATION CHALLENGE KICKED OFF IN 2015. PREREGISTRATION INCREASES THE CREDIBILITY OF HYPOTHESIS TESTING BY CONFIRMING IN ADVANCE WHAT WILL BE ANALYZED AND REPORTED. FOR THE PREREGISTRATION CHALLENGE, ONE THOUSAND RESEARCHERS WILL RECEIVE 1,000EACH FOR PUBLISHING RESULTS OF PREREGISTERED RESEARCH. THIS CHALLENGE ENDED IN EARLY 2019. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 2, PART III, LINE 4C | METASCIENCE: COS SUPPORTS RESEARCH ON SCIENTIFIC PRACTICES. THESE EFFORTS CAN INFORM BEST PRACTICES AND SERVE AS PLATFORMS TO DEMONSTRATE REPRODUCIBLE RESEARCH METHODS. SOME ACHIEVEMENTS INCLUDE: -CONTINUED PUBLIC DISCOURSE AROUND RESULTS OF THE REPRODUCIBILITY PROJECT: PSYCHOLOGY (RESULTS PUBLISHED IN THE JOURNAL SCIENCE IN JUNE, 2015). -CONTINUAL RESULTS PUBLISHED BY THE REPRODUCIBILITY PROJECT: CANCER BIOLOGY. THE PROJECT PUBLISHES THE INDIVIDUAL REPLICATIONS IN SMALL BATCHES AND THEN A SUMMARY REPORT WILL BE PUBLISHED AT THE VERY END OF THE PROJECT. -THROUGH EXTERNAL GRANT AWARDS, COS CONTINUES TO SUPPORT THE REPRODUCIBILITY PROJECT: TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION (TDCS)AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - DAVIS. -CONTINUED COMMUNITY DISCUSSION OF THE IMPACT OF THE COS STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF BADGES UPON DATA SHARING. THIS STUDY FOUND THAT THE JOURNAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE EXPERIENCED AN INCREASE IN DATA SHARING FROM AROUND 3 PERCENT OF PUBLISHED ARTICLES TO NEARLY 40 PERCENT IN ONLY 1.5 YEARS FOLLOWING ADOPTION OF BADGES. COMPARISON JOURNALS WITHOUT BADGES SHOWED NO CHANGE IN DATA SHARING OVER THE SAME PERIOD. WE USE THESE FINDINGS TO PROMOTE ADOPTION OF BADGES AS SIMPLE INCENTIVES TOWARDS MORE OPEN EDITORIAL POLICIES. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 11B | COPIES OF THE CENTERS FORM 990 ARE PROVIDED TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE BOARD FOR THEIR REVIEW PRIOR TO FILING OF THE RETURN. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 12C | MEMBERS, OFFICERS AND MANAGEMENT ARE REQUIRED TO REVIEW THE CENTERS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY ANNUALLY AND PROVIDE NOTIFICATION OF ANY POTENTIAL ARES OF CONFLICT OF INTEREST. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 15A | COMPENSATION PACKAGE MUST BE COMPETITIVE WITH SIMILAR POSITIONS IN THE INDUSTRY IN ORDER TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN EXECUTIVE TALENT. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR APPROVAL, OVERSIGHT AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR'S COMPENSATION. |
| FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 19 | COPIES OF THE CENTERS FORM 1023 AND FORM 990 ARE AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION AT THE CENTERS OFFICE. THE CENTER WILL PROVIDE COPIES OF THE FORMS 1023 AND 990 UPON REQUEST. COPIES OF THE MOST RECENT FORM 990 ARE POSTED ON THE CENTERS WEBSITE. |
| Software ID: | |
| Software Version: |