Form990-PF

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Return of Private Foundation
or Section 4947(a)(1) Trust Treated as Private Foundation
right arrowDo not enter social security numbers on this form as it may be made public.
right arrowGo to www.irs.gov/Form990PF for instructions and the latest information.
OMB No. 1545-0047
2023
Open to Public Inspection
For calendar year 2023, or tax year beginning 06-01-2023 , and ending 05-31-2024
Name of foundation
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
 
Number and street (or P.O. box number if mail is not delivered to street address)6325 S RAINBOW BLVD STE 300
  Room/suite
City or town, state or province, country, and ZIP or foreign postal code
LAS VEGAS, NV89118
A Employer identification number

20-2610711
B Telephone number (see instructions)

(888) 730-4933
C right arrow
G Check all that apply:

D 1. Foreign organizations, check here............. right arrow
2. Foreign organizations meeting the 85%
test, check here and attach computation ... right arrow
E right arrow
H Check type of organization:
F right arrow
I Fair market value of all assets at end
of year (from Part II, col. (c),
line 16)right arrow$556,487J Accounting method:
 
(Part I, column (d) must be on cash basis.)
Part I Analysis of Revenue and Expenses (The total of amounts in columns (b), (c), and (d) may not necessarily equal the amounts in column (a) (see instructions).) (a) Revenue and
expenses per
books 		(b) Net investment
income 		(c) Adjusted net
income 		(d) Disbursements
for charitable
purposes
(cash basis only)
Revenue 1 Contributions, gifts, grants, etc., received (attach schedule)  
2 Check right arrow.............
3 Interest on savings and temporary cash investments      
4 Dividends and interest from securities... 13,257 13,257  
5a Gross rents............      
b Net rental income or (loss)  
6a Net gain or (loss) from sale of assets not on line 10 18,772
b Gross sales price for all assets on line 6a 83,616
7 Capital gain net income (from Part IV, line 2)... 18,772
8 Net short-term capital gain......... 0
9 Income modifications...........  
10a Gross sales less returns and allowances  
b Less: Cost of goods sold....  
c Gross profit or (loss) (attach schedule).....    
11 Other income (attach schedule)....... Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
134    
12 Total. Add lines 1 through 11........ 32,163 32,029  
Operating and Administrative Expenses 13 Compensation of officers, directors, trustees, etc. 8,616 7,754   862
14 Other employee salaries and wages......   0 0 0
15 Pension plans, employee benefits.......   0 0  
16a Legal fees (attach schedule).........       0
b Accounting fees (attach schedule)....... Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
1,127 0 0 1,127
c Other professional fees (attach schedule).... Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
482 482   0
17 Interest...............       0
18 Taxes (attach schedule) (see instructions)... Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
193 193   0
19 Depreciation (attach schedule) and depletion... 0 0  
20 Occupancy..............        
21 Travel, conferences, and meetings.......   0 0  
22 Printing and publications..........   0 0  
23 Other expenses (attach schedule)....... Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
25     25
24 Total operating and administrative expenses.
Add lines 13 through 23.......... 10,443 8,429 0 2,014
25 Contributions, gifts, grants paid....... 28,500 28,500
26 Total expenses and disbursements. Add lines 24 and 25 38,943 8,429 0 30,514
27 Subtract line 26 from line 12:
a Excess of revenue over expenses and disbursements -6,780
b Net investment income (if negative, enter -0-) 23,600
c Adjusted net income (if negative, enter -0-)... 0
For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see instructions.
Cat. No. 11289X Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 2
Part II Balance Sheets Attached schedules and amounts in the description column
should be for end-of-year amounts only. (See instructions.) 		Beginning of year End of year
(a) Book Value (b) Book Value (c) Fair Market Value
Assets 1 Cash—non-interest-bearing.............      
2 Savings and temporary cash investments......... 9,537 9,762 9,762
3 Accounts receivable right arrow  
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts right arrow     0 0
4 Pledges receivable right arrow  
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts right arrow        
5 Grants receivable.................      
6 Receivables due from officers, directors, trustees, and other
disqualified persons (attach schedule) (see instructions).....      
7 Other notes and loans receivable (attach schedule) right arrow  
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts right arrow0      
8 Inventories for sale or use..............      
9 Prepaid expenses and deferred charges..........      
10a Investments—U.S. and state government obligations (attach schedule)      
b Investments—corporate stock (attach schedule)....... 72,799 Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
57,140 		205,710
c Investments—corporate bonds (attach schedule).......      
11 Investments—land, buildings, and equipment: basis right arrow  
Less: accumulated depreciation (attach schedule) right arrow        
12 Investments—mortgage loans.............      
13 Investments—other (attach schedule).......... 323,874 Click to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
332,533 		341,015
14 Land, buildings, and equipment: basis right arrow  
Less: accumulated depreciation (attach schedule) right arrow        
15 Other assets (describe right arrow)      
16 Total assets (to be completed by all filers—see the
instructions. Also, see page 1, item I) 406,210 399,435 556,487
Liabilities 17 Accounts payable and accrued expenses..........    
18 Grants payable.................    
19 Deferred revenue.................    
20 Loans from officers, directors, trustees, and other disqualified persons    
21 Mortgages and other notes payable (attach schedule)......    
22 Other liabilities (describe right arrow)    
23 Total liabilities (add lines 17 through 22).........   0
Net Assets or Fund Balances Foundations that follow FASB ASC 958, check here right arrow
and complete lines 24, 25, 29 and 30.
24 Net assets without donor restrictions...........    
25 Net assets with donor restrictions............    
Foundations that do not follow FASB ASC 958, check here right arrow
and complete lines 26 through 30.
26 Capital stock, trust principal, or current funds........ 406,210 399,435
27 Paid-in or capital surplus, or land, bldg., and equipment fund    
28 Retained earnings, accumulated income, endowment, or other funds    
29 Total net assets or fund balances (see instructions)..... 406,210 399,435
30 Total liabilities and net assets/fund balances (see instructions). 406,210 399,435
Part III
Analysis of Changes in Net Assets or Fund Balances
1
Total net assets or fund balances at beginning of year—Part II, column (a), line 29 (must agree with end-of-year figure reported on prior year’s return) ...............
1
406,210
2
Enter amount from Part I, line 27a .....................
2
-6,780
3
Other increases not included in line 2 (itemize) right arrowClick to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
3
9
4
Add lines 1, 2, and 3 ..........................
4
399,439
5
Decreases not included in line 2 (itemize) right arrowClick to see attachment
List of Attached Documents:
// Content
5
4
6
Total net assets or fund balances at end of year (line 4 minus line 5)—Part II, column (b), line 29 .
6
399,435
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 3
Part IV
Capital Gains and Losses for Tax on Investment Income
(a) List and describe the kind(s) of property sold (e.g., real estate,
2-story brick warehouse; or common stock, 200 shs. MLC Co.)		 (b)
How acquired
P—Purchase
D—Donation 		(c)
Date acquired
(mo., day, yr.) 		(d)
Date sold
(mo., day, yr.)
1 a 3. FIDELITY NATL INFORMATION SVCS INC     2023-06-05
b 25. FIDELITY NATL INFORMATION SVCS INC     2023-06-05
c 5. MORGAN STANLEY   2019-12-23 2023-06-05
d 2. AGCO CORP COM   2021-04-14 2023-06-30
e 1. ALIGN TECHNOLOGY INC   2022-03-11 2023-06-30
1. INTUITIVE SURGICAL INC   2022-08-10 2023-06-30
1. LULULEMON ATHLETICA INC   2022-12-21 2023-06-30
1. NVIDIA CORP   2023-06-05 2023-06-30
1. SERVICENOW INC   2021-07-26 2023-06-30
1. ULTA BEAUTY INC   2019-01-02 2023-06-30
7. VANGUARD MIDCAP VIPER   2020-05-12 2023-06-30
1. ALIGN TECHNOLOGY INC   2022-08-10 2023-07-21
6. XPO INC   2022-12-21 2023-07-21
2. ALPHABET INC CL C     2023-08-10
2. ALPHABET INC CL C   2014-04-25 2023-08-10
4. AMAZON COM INC COM   2021-10-19 2023-08-10
5. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2023-08-10
1. CONSTELLATION BRANDS INC   2021-10-19 2023-08-10
1. META PLATFORMS INC   2013-11-05 2023-08-10
326. INVESCO OPTIMUM YIELD DIVERSIF ETF   2022-08-10 2023-08-10
430. INVESCO OPTIMUM YIELD DIVERSIF ETF   2022-04-21 2023-08-10
2. MICROSOFT CORP   2016-02-04 2023-08-10
1. S&P GLOBAL INC   2014-12-26 2023-08-10
1. TRANSDIGM GROUP INC   2015-12-21 2023-08-10
2. VANGUARD MIDCAP VIPER   2020-05-12 2023-08-10
1. ACCENTURE PLC   2007-01-25 2023-08-10
9. ISHARES CORE U.S. AGGREGATE ETF   2019-12-06 2023-08-22
7. ISHARES CORE TOTAL BOND ETF   2021-02-23 2023-08-22
1. MICROSOFT CORP   2016-02-04 2023-08-22
3. PIMCO ENHANCED SHORT MATURITY ETF   2023-08-10 2023-08-22
1. VISA INC-CLASS A SHRS   2022-10-18 2023-08-22
1. VISA INC-CLASS A SHRS   2019-08-07 2023-08-22
2. ARISTA NETWORKS INC   2020-05-12 2023-09-13
1. DANAHER CORP   2021-10-19 2023-09-21
21. FIRST TRUST GLOBAL TACTICAL   2023-08-10 2023-09-21
9. GOLDMAN SACHS ACTIVEBETA INT ETF   2021-07-26 2023-09-21
44. INVESCO OPTIMUM YIELD DIVERSIF ETF   2022-08-10 2023-09-21
5. ISHARES CORE U.S. AGGREGATE ETF   2019-12-06 2023-09-21
3. ISHARES JP MORGAN USD EMERGING   2022-04-21 2023-09-21
5. ISHARES CORE MSCI EAFE ETF   2023-08-10 2023-09-21
64.291 PGIM HIGH YIELD-Q 1067   2020-05-13 2023-09-21
.3333 VERALTO CORP   2001-10-12 2023-10-23
5. ALPHABET INC CL C   2014-04-25 2023-10-25
5. AMAZON COM INC COM     2023-10-25
4. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2023-10-25
2. MICROSOFT CORP   2016-02-04 2023-10-25
1. NVIDIA CORP   2023-06-05 2023-10-25
1. PALO ALTO NETWORKS INC   2018-11-26 2023-10-25
6. PIMCO ENHANCED SHORT MATURITY ETF     2023-10-25
4. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2023-11-24
2. ARISTA NETWORKS INC   2020-06-26 2023-11-24
6. DEXCOM INC   2023-09-13 2023-11-24
2. MICROSOFT CORP     2023-11-24
2. SALESFORCE INC   2019-08-07 2023-11-24
1. SERVICENOW INC   2021-06-16 2023-11-24
6. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2023-11-29
1. BROADCOM INC   2018-02-09 2023-11-29
3. TRACTOR SUPPLY CO COM   2004-12-14 2023-11-29
3. VERALTO CORP   2001-10-12 2023-11-29
70. NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDING     2023-11-29
1. BROADCOM INC   2018-02-09 2023-12-22
1. COSTCO WHOLESALE CORP   2022-10-18 2023-12-22
1. LULULEMON ATHLETICA INC   2019-06-28 2023-12-22
4. PALO ALTO NETWORKS INC     2023-12-22
10. ALPHABET INC CL C   2014-04-25 2024-02-08
7. AMAZON COM INC COM   2009-08-10 2024-02-08
6. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2024-02-08
12. BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP COM     2024-02-08
1. CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS INC   2023-02-21 2024-02-08
6. CENTENE CORP DEL   2023-11-29 2024-02-08
21. CHEWY INC   2023-07-21 2024-02-08
23. CHEWY INC     2024-02-08
2. DANAHER CORP   2023-11-29 2024-02-08
2. ECOLAB INC   2022-03-11 2024-02-08
3. META PLATFORMS INC   2023-11-29 2024-02-08
1. FLEETCOR TECHNOLOGIES INC   2021-09-02 2024-02-08
6. FORTUNE BRANDS INNOVATIONS INC     2024-02-08
4. INTERCONTINENTAL EXCHANGE INC   2018-11-15 2024-02-08
3. ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC     2024-02-08
5. MORGAN STANLEY   2019-12-23 2024-02-08
2. NVIDIA CORP   2023-11-29 2024-02-08
5. OKTA INC   2021-12-20 2024-02-08
3. PALO ALTO NETWORKS INC   2017-11-30 2024-02-08
2. SALESFORCE INC     2024-02-08
1. SERVICENOW INC   2020-06-26 2024-02-08
2. TRACTOR SUPPLY CO COM   2004-12-14 2024-02-08
6. TRIMBLE NAV LTD   2022-03-11 2024-02-08
15. VANGUARD LONG-TERM BOND ETF     2024-02-08
130. VANGUARD LONG-TERM BOND ETF   2023-01-25 2024-02-08
2. VISA INC-CLASS A SHRS   2019-08-07 2024-02-08
11. XPO INC   2022-12-21 2024-02-08
8. BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP COM     2024-03-26
3. CENTENE CORP DEL   2023-11-29 2024-03-26
29. CENTENE CORP DEL     2024-03-26
2. GXO LOGISTICS INC   2023-05-17 2024-03-26
30. GXO LOGISTICS INC     2024-03-26
21. TWILIO INC     2024-03-26
6. LULULEMON ATHLETICA INC     2024-04-03
5. APPLE INC   2008-10-07 2024-05-07
2. NVIDIA CORP   2019-08-07 2024-05-07
4. VANGUARD MIDCAP VIPER   2020-05-12 2024-05-07
(e)
Gross sales price 		(f)
Depreciation allowed
(or allowable) 		(g)
Cost or other basis
plus expense of sale 		(h)
Gain or (loss)
(e) plus (f) minus (g)
a 163   258 -95
b 1,360   2,085 -725
c 418   254 164
d 264   302 -38
e 356   409 -53
343   239 104
380   318 62
425   391 34
566   585 -19
472   248 224
1,544   1,061 483
338   284 54
394   212 182
264   191 73
264   52 212
556   687 -131
897   16 881
272   215 57
308   50 258
4,800   5,640 -840
6,331   8,082 -1,751
652   104 548
390   90 300
870   226 644
446   303 143
311   37 274
857   1,013 -156
309   375 -66
323   52 271
300   299 1
240   190 50
240   171 69
376   114 262
250   306 -56
515   512 3
276   317 -41
666   761 -95
474   563 -89
250   281 -31
328   343 -15
293   317 -24
24   1 23
631   129 502
606   650 -44
685   13 672
680   104 576
420   391 29
244   57 187
600   597 3
758   13 745
437   105 332
674   634 40
752   96 656
448   282 166
672   513 159
1,144   20 1,124
950   232 718
610   26 584
223   12 211
1,037   2,062 -1,025
1,128   232 896
667   475 192
503   180 323
1,201   203 998
1,472   257 1,215
1,192   30 1,162
1,129   20 1,109
775   256 519
306   193 113
454   435 19
351   743 -392
384   1,910 -1,526
491   447 44
404   320 84
1,399   997 402
269   262 7
479   364 115
538   313 225
426   464 -38
428   254 174
1,404   965 439
425   1,108 -683
1,099   146 953
581   199 382
798   397 401
465   17 448
314   397 -83
1,078   1,090 -12
9,347   10,123 -776
553   342 211
1,299   389 910
539   136 403
231   217 14
2,233   911 1,322
103   116 -13
1,539   935 604
1,298   3,589 -2,291
2,254   1,200 1,054
913   16 897
1,805   75 1,730
975   606 369
Complete only for assets showing gain in column (h) and owned by the foundation on 12/31/69 (l)
Gains (Col. (h) gain minus
col. (k), but not less than -0-) or
Losses (from col.(h))
(i)
F.M.V. as of 12/31/69 		(j)
Adjusted basis
as of 12/31/69 		(k)
Excess of col. (i)
over col. (j), if any
a       -95
b       -725
c       164
d       -38
e       -53
      104
      62
      34
      -19
      224
      483
      54
      182
      73
      212
      -131
      881
      57
      258
      -840
      -1,751
      548
      300
      644
      143
      274
      -156
      -66
      271
      1
      50
      69
      262
      -56
      3
      -41
      -95
      -89
      -31
      -15
      -24
      23
      502
      -44
      672
      576
      29
      187
      3
      745
      332
      40
      656
      166
      159
      1,124
      718
      584
      211
      -1,025
      896
      192
      323
      998
      1,215
      1,162
      1,109
      519
      113
      19
      -392
      -1,526
      44
      84
      402
      7
      115
      225
      -38
      174
      439
      -683
      953
      382
      401
      448
      -83
      -12
      -776
      211
      910
      403
      14
      1,322
      -13
      604
      -2,291
      1,054
      897
      1,730
      369
2 Capital gain net income or (net capital loss) Bracket If gain, also enter in Part I, line 7
If (loss), enter -0- in Part I, line 7		 Bracket 2 18,772
3 Net short-term capital gain or (loss) as defined in sections 1222(5) and (6):
If gain, also enter in Part I, line 8, column (c) (see instructions). If (loss), enter -0-
in Part I, line 8 ................... 		Bracket 3  
Part V
Excise Tax Based on Investment Income (Section 4940(a), 4940(b), 4940(e), or 4948—see instructions)
1a Exempt operating foundations described in section 4940(d)(2), check here right arrow and enter “N/A" on line 1. Bracket for line 1a
Date of ruling or determination letter:   (attach copy of letter if necessary–see instructions) 1 328
b All other domestic foundations enter 1.39% (0.0139) of line 27b. Exempt foreign organizations enter 4% (0.04) of Part I, line 12, col. (b)
2 Tax under section 511 (domestic section 4947(a)(1) trusts and taxable foundations only. Others enter -0-) 2 0
3 Add lines 1 and 2........................... 3 328
4 Subtitle A (income) tax (domestic section 4947(a)(1) trusts and taxable foundations only. Others enter -0-) 4 0
5 Tax based on investment income. Subtract line 4 from line 3. If zero or less, enter -0- ..... 5 328
6 Credits/Payments:
a 2023 estimated tax payments and 2022 overpayment credited to 2023 6a 88
b Exempt foreign organizations—tax withheld at source...... 6b 0
c Tax paid with application for extension of time to file (Form 8868)... 6c 0
d Backup withholding erroneously withheld .......... 6d  
7 Total credits and payments. Add lines 6a through 6d.............. 7 88
8 Enter any penalty for underpayment of estimated tax. Check here if Form 2220 is attached. 8 0
9 Tax due. If the total of lines 5 and 8 is more than line 7, enter amount owed.......right arrow 9 240
10 Overpayment. If line 7 is more than the total of lines 5 and 8, enter the amount overpaid...right arrow 10  
11 Enter the amount of line 10 to be: Credited to 2024 estimated taxright arrow0 Refundedright arrow 11 0
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 4
Part VI-A
Statements Regarding Activities
1a
During the tax year, did the foundation attempt to influence any national, state, or local legislation or did
Yes
No
it participate or intervene in any political campaign? ....................
1a
 
No
b
Did it spend more than $100 during the year (either directly or indirectly) for political purposes? See the instructions
for the definition.................................
1b
 
No
If the answer is "Yes" to 1a or 1b, attach a detailed description of the activities and copies of any materials
published or distributed by the foundation in connection with the activities.
c
Did the foundation file Form 1120-POL for this year?.....................
1c
 
No
d
Enter the amount (if any) of tax on political expenditures (section 4955) imposed during the year:
(1) On the foundation. right arrow$   (2) On foundation managers.right arrow$  
e
Enter the reimbursement (if any) paid by the foundation during the year for political expenditure tax imposed
on foundation managers.right arrow$  
2
Has the foundation engaged in any activities that have not previously been reported to the IRS?.......
2
 
No
If "Yes," attach a detailed description of the activities.
3
Has the foundation made any changes, not previously reported to the IRS, in its governing instrument, articles
of incorporation, or bylaws, or other similar instruments? If "Yes," attach a conformed copy of the changes....
3
 
No
4a
Did the foundation have unrelated business gross income of $1,000 or more during the year?.........
4a
 
No
b
If "Yes," has it filed a tax return on Form 990-T for this year?...................
4b
 
 
5
Was there a liquidation, termination, dissolution, or substantial contraction during the year?.........
5
 
No
If "Yes," attach the statement required by General Instruction T.
6
Are the requirements of section 508(e) (relating to sections 4941 through 4945) satisfied either:
round bullet By language in the governing instrument, or
round bullet By state legislation that effectively amends the governing instrument so that no mandatory directions
that conflict with the state law remain in the governing instrument? ................
6
Yes
 
7
Did the foundation have at least $5,000 in assets at any time during the year? If "Yes," complete Part II, col. (c),
and Part XIV..................................
7
Yes
 
8a
Enter the states to which the foundation reports or with which it is registered (see instructions)
right arrowMN
b
If the answer is "Yes" to line 7, has the foundation furnished a copy of Form 990-PF to the Attorney
General (or designate) of each state as required by General Instruction G? If "No," attach explanation .
8b
Yes
 
9
Is the foundation claiming status as a private operating foundation within the meaning of section 4942(j)(3)
or 4942(j)(5) for calendar year 2023 or the taxable year beginning in 2023? See the instructions for Part XIII.
If "Yes," complete Part XIII .............................
9
 
No
10
Did any persons become substantial contributors during the tax year? If "Yes," attach a schedule listing their names
and addresses. ...............................
10
 
No
11
At any time during the year, did the foundation, directly or indirectly, own a controlled entity within the
meaning of section 512(b)(13)? If "Yes," attach schedule. See instructions .............
11
 
No
12
Did the foundation make a distribution to a donor advised fund over which the foundation or a disqualified person had
advisory privileges? If "Yes," attach statement. See instructions.................
12
 
No
13
Did the foundation comply with the public inspection requirements for its annual returns and exemption application?
13
Yes
 
Website addressright arrowN/A
14
The books are in care ofright arrowWELLS FARGO BANK NA Telephone no.right arrow (800) 352-3705

Located atright arrow100 N MAIN ST FL 5D4001-052WINSTON SALEMNC ZIP+4right arrow27101
15
Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts filing Form 990-PF in lieu of Form 1041 —check here .........right arrow
and enter the amount of tax-exempt interest received or accrued during the year ........right arrow
15
 
16 At any time during calendar year 2023, did the foundation have an interest in or a signature or other authority over YesNo
a bank, securities, or other financial account in a foreign country? .................
16   No
See the instructions for exceptions and filing requirements for FinCEN Form 114. If "Yes", enter the name of the foreign
country right arrow
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 5
Part VI-B
Statements Regarding Activities for Which Form 4720 May Be Required
File Form 4720 if any item is checked in the "Yes" column, unless an exception applies.
Yes
No
1a
During the year did the foundation (either directly or indirectly):
(1) Engage in the sale or exchange, or leasing of property with a disqualified person? ...........
1a(1)
 
No
(2) Borrow money from, lend money to, or otherwise extend credit to (or accept it from)
a disqualified person? ..............................
1a(2)
 
No
(3) Furnish goods, services, or facilities to (or accept them from) a disqualified person? ...........
1a(3)
 
No
(4) Pay compensation to, or pay or reimburse the expenses of, a disqualified person? ............
1a(4)
Yes
 
(5) Transfer any income or assets to a disqualified person (or make any of either available
for the benefit or use of a disqualified person)? ......................
1a(5)
 
No
(6) Agree to pay money or property to a government official? (Exception. Check "No"
if the foundation agreed to make a grant to or to employ the official for a period
after termination of government service, if terminating within 90 days.) ...............
1a(6)
 
No
b
If any answer is "Yes" to 1a(1)–(6), did any of the acts fail to qualify under the exceptions described in Regulations
section 53.4941(d)-3 or in a current notice regarding disaster assistance? See instructions ..........
1b
 
No
c
Organizations relying on a current notice regarding disaster assistance check here ........right arrow
d
Did the foundation engage in a prior year in any of the acts described in 1a, other than excepted acts,
that were not corrected before the first day of the tax year beginning in 2023? .............
1d
 
No
2
Taxes on failure to distribute income (section 4942) (does not apply for years the foundation was a private
operating foundation defined in section 4942(j)(3) or 4942(j)(5)):
a
At the end of tax year 2023, did the foundation have any undistributed income (Part XII, lines 6d
and 6e) for tax year(s) beginning before 2023?....................
2a
 
No
If "Yes," list the years right arrow20, 20, 20, 20
b
Are there any years listed in 2a for which the foundation is not applying the provisions of section 4942(a)(2)
(relating to incorrect valuation of assets) to the year’s undistributed income? (If applying section 4942(a)(2)
to all years listed, answer "No" and attach statement—see instructions.) ..............
2b
 
 
c
If the provisions of section 4942(a)(2) are being applied to any of the years listed in 2a, list the years here.
right arrow20, 20, 20, 20
3a
Did the foundation hold more than a 2% direct or indirect interest in any business enterprise at
any time during the year? ..............................
3a
 
No
b
If "Yes," did it have excess business holdings in 2023 as a result of (1) any purchase by the foundation
or disqualified persons after May 26, 1969; (2) the lapse of the 5-year period (or longer period approved
by the Commissioner under section 4943(c)(7)) to dispose of holdings acquired by gift or bequest; or (3)
the lapse of the 10-, 15-, or 20-year first phase holding period? (Use Schedule C, Form 4720, to determine
if the foundation had excess business holdings in 2023.) .....................
3b
 
 
4a
Did the foundation invest during the year any amount in a manner that would jeopardize its charitable purposes?
4a
 
No
b
Did the foundation make any investment in a prior year (but after December 31, 1969) that could jeopardize its
charitable purpose that had not been removed from jeopardy before the first day of the tax year beginning in 2023? ..
4b
 
No
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 6
Part VI-B
Statements Regarding Activities for Which Form 4720 May Be Required (continued)
5a
During the year did the foundation pay or incur any amount to:
Yes
No
(1) Carry on propaganda, or otherwise attempt to influence legislation (section 4945(e))? ..........
5a(1)
 
No
(2) Influence the outcome of any specific public election (see section 4955); or to carry
on, directly or indirectly, any voter registration drive? ....................
5a(2)
 
No
(3) Provide a grant to an individual for travel, study, or other similar purposes? .............
5a(3)
 
No
(4) Provide a grant to an organization other than a charitable, etc., organization described
in section 4945(d)(4)(A)? See instructions ........................
5a(4)
 
No
(5) Provide for any purpose other than religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or
educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals? .............
5a(5)
 
No
b
If any answer is "Yes" to 5a(1)–(5), did any of the transactions fail to qualify under the exceptions described in
Regulations section 53.4945 or in a current notice regarding disaster assistance? See instructions ........
5b
 
 
c
Organizations relying on a current notice regarding disaster assistance check .........right arrow
d
If the answer is "Yes" to question 5a(4), does the foundation claim exemption from the
tax because it maintained expenditure responsibility for the grant? .................
5d
 
 
If "Yes," attach the statement required by Regulations section 53.4945–5(d).
6a
Did the foundation, during the year, receive any funds, directly or indirectly, to pay premiums on
a personal benefit contract? .............................
6a
 
No
b
Did the foundation, during the year, pay premiums, directly or indirectly, on a personal benefit contract? ....
6b
 
No
If "Yes" to 6b, file Form 8870.
7a
At any time during the tax year, was the foundation a party to a prohibited tax shelter transaction?
7a
 
No
b
If "Yes", did the foundation receive any proceeds or have any net income attributable to the transaction? .....
7b
 
 
8
Is the foundation subject to the section 4960 tax on payment(s) of more than $1,000,000 in remuneration or
excess parachute payment during the year? .........................
8
 
No
Part VII
Information About Officers, Directors, Trustees, Foundation Managers, Highly Paid Employees,
and Contractors
1 List all officers, directors, trustees, foundation managers and their compensation. See instructions
(a) Name and address (b) Title, and average
hours per week
devoted to position 		(c) Compensation
 (If not paid, enter
-0-) 		(d) Contributions to employee benefit plans and deferred compensation (e) Expense account,
other allowances
WELLS FARGO BANK N A TRUSTEE
1 		8,616    
100 N MAIN ST FL 5 D4001-052
WINSTONSALEM,NC27101
2 Compensation of five highest-paid employees (other than those included on line 1—see instructions). If none, enter “NONE."
(a) Name and address of each employee paid more than $50,000 (b) Title, and average
hours per week
devoted to position 		(c) Compensation (d) Contributions to
employee benefit
plans and deferred
compensation 		(e) Expense account,
other allowances
NONE
Total number of other employees paid over $50,000...................right arrow 0
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 7
Part VII
Information About Officers, Directors, Trustees, Foundation Managers, Highly Paid Employees,
and Contractors (continued)
3 Five highest-paid independent contractors for professional services (see instructions). If none, enter "NONE".
(a) Name and address of each person paid more than $50,000 (b) Type of service (c) Compensation
NONE
Total number of others receiving over $50,000 for professional services.............right arrow0
Part VIII-A
Summary of Direct Charitable Activities
List the foundation’s four largest direct charitable activities during the tax year. Include relevant statistical information such as the number of organizations and other beneficiaries served, conferences convened, research papers produced, etc. Expenses
1  
2  
3  
4  
Part VIII-B
Summary of Program-Related Investments (see instructions)
Describe the two largest program-related investments made by the foundation during the tax year on lines 1 and 2. Amount
1  
2  
All other program-related investments. See instructions.
3  
Total. Add lines 1 through 3.........................right arrow  
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 8
Part IX
Minimum Investment Return (All domestic foundations must complete this part. Foreign foundations, see instructions.)
1
Fair market value of assets not used (or held for use) directly in carrying out charitable, etc.,
purposes:
a
Average monthly fair market value of securities...................
1a
518,034
b
Average of monthly cash balances.......................
1b
10,528
c
Fair market value of all other assets (see instructions)................
1c
0
d
Total (add lines 1a, b, and c).........................
1d
528,562
e
Reduction claimed for blockage or other factors reported on lines 1a and
1c (attach detailed explanation) .............
1e
0
2
Acquisition indebtedness applicable to line 1 assets..................
2
0
3
Subtract line 2 from line 1d.........................
3
528,562
4
Cash deemed held for charitable activities. Enter 1.5% (0.015) of line 3 (for greater amount, see
instructions) .............................
4
7,928
5
Net value of noncharitable-use assets. Subtract line 4 from line 3. ............
5
520,634
6
Minimum investment return. Enter 5% (0.05) of line 5................
6
26,032
Part X
Distributable Amount (see instructions) (Section 4942(j)(3) and (j)(5) private operating foundations and certain foreign organizations check here right arrow and do not complete this part.)
1
Minimum investment return from Part IX, line 6..................
1
26,032
2a
Tax on investment income for 2022 from Part V, line 5.......
2a
328
b
Income tax for 2022. (This does not include the tax from Part V.) ...
2b
 
c
Add lines 2a and 2b............................
2c
328
3
Distributable amount before adjustments. Subtract line 2c from line 1............
3
25,704
4
Recoveries of amounts treated as qualifying distributions................
4
0
5
Add lines 3 and 4............................
5
25,704
6
Deduction from distributable amount (see instructions).................
6
0
7
Distributable amount as adjusted. Subtract line 6 from line 5. Enter here and on Part XII, line 1 ...
7
25,704
Part XI
Qualifying Distributions (see instructions)
1
Amounts paid (including administrative expenses) to accomplish charitable, etc., purposes:
a
Expenses, contributions, gifts, etc.—total from Part I, column (d), line 26 ..........
1a
30,514
b
Program-related investments—total from Part VIII-B..................
1b
0
2
Amounts paid to acquire assets used (or held for use) directly in carrying out charitable, etc.,
purposes...............................
2
0
3
Amounts set aside for specific charitable projects that satisfy the:
a
Suitability test (prior IRS approval required)....................
3a
0
b
Cash distribution test (attach the required schedule) .................
3b
0
4
Qualifying distributions. Add lines 1a through 3b. Enter here and on Part XII, line 4. .......
4
30,514
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 9
Part XII
Undistributed Income (see instructions)
(a)
Corpus 		(b)
Years prior to 2022 		(c)
2022 		(d)
2023
1 Distributable amount for 2023 from Part X, line 7 25,704
2 Undistributed income, if any, as of the end of 2022:
a Enter amount for 2022 only....... 22,874
b Total for prior years:20 , 20, 20 0
3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2022:
a From 2018...... 0
b From 2019...... 0
c From 2020...... 0
d From 2021...... 0
e From 2022...... 0
f Total of lines 3a through e ........ 0
4Qualifying distributions for 2023 from Part
XI, line 4: right arrow$ 30,514
a Applied to 2022, but not more than line 2a 22,874
b Applied to undistributed income of prior years
(Election required—see instructions)..... 		0
c Treated as distributions out of corpus (Election
required—see instructions)........ 		0
d Applied to 2023 distributable amount..... 7,640
e Remaining amount distributed out of corpus 0
5 Excess distributions carryover applied to 2023. 0 0
(If an amount appears in column (d), the
same amount must be shown in column (a).)
6Enter the net total of each column as
indicated below:
a Corpus. Add lines 3f, 4c, and 4e. Subtract line 5 0
b Prior years’ undistributed income. Subtract
line 4b from line 2b .......... 		0
c Enter the amount of prior years’ undistributed
income for which a notice of deficiency has
been issued, or on which the section 4942(a)
tax has been previously assessed...... 		0
d Subtract line 6c from line 6b. Taxable amount
—see instructions ........... 		0
e Undistributed income for 2022. Subtract line
4a from line 2a. Taxable amount—see
instructions ............. 		0
f Undistributed income for 2023. Subtract
lines 4d and 5 from line 1. This amount must
be distributed in 2024 .......... 		18,064
7 Amounts treated as distributions out of
corpus to satisfy requirements imposed by
section 170(b)(1)(F) or 4942(g)(3) (Election may
be required - see instructions) ....... 		0
8 Excess distributions carryover from 2018 not
applied on line 5 or line 7 (see instructions) ... 		0
9 Excess distributions carryover to 2024.
Subtract lines 7 and 8 from line 6a ...... 		0
10 Analysis of line 9:
a Excess from 2019.... 0
b Excess from 2020.... 0
c Excess from 2021.... 0
d Excess from 2022.... 0
e Excess from 2023.... 0
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 10
Part XIII
Private Operating Foundations (see instructions and Part VI-A, question 9)
1a If the foundation has received a ruling or determination letter that it is a private operating
foundation, and the ruling is effective for 2023, enter the date of the ruling ...... right arrow
 
b Check box to indicate whether the organization is a private operating foundation described in section or
2a Enter the lesser of the adjusted net
income from Part I or the minimum
investment return from Part IX for each
year listed .......... 		Tax year Prior 3 years (e) Total
(a) 2023 (b) 2022 (c) 2021 (d) 2020
         
b 85% (0.85) of line 2a .........          
c Qualifying distributions from Part XI,
line 4 for each year listed ..... 		         
d Amounts included in line 2c not used directly
for active conduct of exempt activities .......... 		         
e Qualifying distributions made directly
for active conduct of exempt activities.
Subtract line 2d from line 2c .... 		         
3 Complete 3a, b, or c for the
alternative test relied upon:
a “Assets" alternative test—enter:
(1) Value of all assets ......          
(2) Value of assets qualifying
under section 4942(j)(3)(B)(i)		          
b “Endowment" alternative test— enter 2/3
of minimum investment return shown in
Part IX, line 6 for each year listed .. 		         
c “Support" alternative test—enter:
(1) Total support other than gross
investment income (interest,
dividends, rents, payments
on securities loans (section
512(a)(5)), or royalties) .... 		         
(2) Support from general public
and 5 or more exempt
organizations as provided in
section 4942(j)(3)(B)(iii).... 		         
(3) Largest amount of support
from an exempt organization		          
(4) Gross investment income          
Part XIV
Supplementary Information (Complete this part only if the foundation had $5,000 or more in
assets at any time during the year—see instructions.)
1Information Regarding Foundation Managers:
aList any managers of the foundation who have contributed more than 2% of the total contributions received by the foundation
before the close of any tax year (but only if they have contributed more than $5,000). (See section 507(d)(2).)
NONE
bList any managers of the foundation who own 10% or more of the stock of a corporation (or an equally large portion of the
ownership of a partnership or other entity) of which the foundation has a 10% or greater interest.
NONE
2Information Regarding Contribution, Grant, Gift, Loan, Scholarship, etc., Programs:
Check here right arrow
aThe name, address, and telephone number or email address of the person to whom applications should be addressed:
bThe form in which applications should be submitted and information and materials they should include:
cAny submission deadlines:
dAny restrictions or limitations on awards, such as by geographical areas, charitable fields, kinds of institutions, or other
factors:
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 11
Part XIV
Supplementary Information (continued)
3 Grants and Contributions Paid During the Year or Approved for Future Payment
Recipient If recipient is an individual,
show any relationship to
any foundation manager
or substantial contributor
 Foundation
status of
recipient 		Purpose of grant or
contribution 		Amount
Name and address (home or business)
aPaid during the year

GRAND ITASCA CLINIC AND HOSPITAL

1601 GOLF COURSE ROAD
GRAND RAPIDS,MN55744 		NONE PC GENERAL OPERATING 5,700

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA FOUNDATION

200 SE OAK STREET SUITE 500
MINNEAPOLIS,MN554552010 		NONE PC GENERAL SUPPORT 22,800
Total .................................right arrow 3a 28,500
bApproved for future payment
Total ................................. right arrow 3b  
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 12
Part XV-A
Analysis of Income-Producing Activities
Enter gross amounts unless otherwise indicated. Unrelated business income Excluded by section 512, 513, or 514 (e)
Related or exempt
function income
(See instructions.)
1Program service revenue: (a)
Business code 		(b)
Amount 		(c)
Exclusion code 		(d)
Amount
a
b
c
d
e
f
gFees and contracts from government agencies          
2 Membership dues and assessments ....          
3 Interest on savings and temporary cash
investments ........... 		         
4 Dividends and interest from securities ....     14 13,257  
5 Net rental income or (loss) from real estate:
aDebt-financed property......          
bNot debt-financed property.....          
6 Net rental income or (loss) from personal property          
7 Other investment income .....          
8 Gain or (loss) from sales of assets other than
inventory ............ 		    18 18,772  
9 Net income or (loss) from special events:          
10 Gross profit or (loss) from sales of inventory          
11 Other revenue:
aFEDERAL TAX REFUND 		    1 134  
b
c
d
e
12 Subtotal. Add columns (b), (d), and (e) ..   32,163  
13Total. Add line 12, columns (b), (d), and (e)..................
13
32,163
(See worksheet in line 13 instructions to verify calculations.)
Part XV-B
Relationship of Activities to the Accomplishment of Exempt Purposes
Line No.
DownArrow 		Explain below how each activity for which income is reported in column (e) of Part XV-A contributed importantly to
the accomplishment of the foundation’s exempt purposes (other than by providing funds for such purposes). (See
instructions.)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Form 990-PF (2023)
Page 13
Part XVI
Information Regarding Transfers To and Transactions and Relationships With Noncharitable Exempt Organizations
1
Did the organization directly or indirectly engage in any of the following with any other organization described in section 501(c) (other than section 501(c)(3) organizations) or in section 527, relating to political organizations?
Yes
No
a
Transfers from the reporting foundation to a noncharitable exempt organization of:
(1) Cash...................................
1a(1)
 
No
(2) Other assets.................................
1a(2)
 
No
b
Other transactions:
(1) Sales of assets to a noncharitable exempt organization....................
1b(1)
 
No
(2) Purchases of assets from a noncharitable exempt organization..................
1b(2)
 
No
(3) Rental of facilities, equipment, or other assets.......................
1b(3)
 
No
(4) Reimbursement arrangements...........................
1b(4)
 
No
(5) Loans or loan guarantees.............................
1b(5)
 
No
(6) Performance of services or membership or fundraising solicitations................
1b(6)
 
No
c
Sharing of facilities, equipment, mailing lists, other assets, or paid employees..............
1c
 
No
d
If the answer to any of the above is "Yes," complete the following schedule. Column (b) should always show the fair market value
of the goods, other assets, or services given by the reporting foundation. If the foundation received less than fair market value
in any transaction or sharing arrangement, show in column (d) the value of the goods, other assets, or services received.
(a) Line No. (b) Amount involved (c) Name of noncharitable exempt organization (d) Description of transfers, transactions, and sharing arrangements
2a
Is the foundation directly or indirectly affiliated with, or related to, one or more tax-exempt organizations
described in section 501(c) (other than section 501(c)(3)) or in section 527? ...........
b
If "Yes," complete the following schedule.

(a) Name of organization (b) Type of organization (c) Description of relationship
Sign Here
Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this return, including accompanying schedules and statements, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, it is true, correct, and complete. Declaration of preparer (other than taxpayer) is based on all information of which preparer has any knowledge.
right arrow right arrow
May the IRS discuss this return
with the preparer shown below?
See instructions.
Signature of officer or trustee Date Title
Paid Preparer Use Only Print/Type preparer's name Preparer's Signature Date Check if self-
employed right arrow		 PTIN
Firm's name SmallBullet
 Firm's EIN SmallBullet
Firm's address SmallBullet


 Phone no.
Form 990-PF (2023)
Additional Data


Software ID:  
Software Version:  


Form 990PF - Special Condition Description:
Special Condition Description

TY 2023 AccountingFeesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Category Amount Net Investment Income Adjusted Net Income Disbursements for Charitable Purposes
TAX PREPARATION FEE (NON-ALLOC 1,127     1,127

TY 2023 InvestmentsCorpStockSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Name of Stock End of Year Book Value End of Year Fair Market Value
518439104 ESTEE LAUDER COMPANI 1,154 1,727
15135B101 CENTENE CORP DEL    
550021109 LULULEMON ATHLETICA    
892356106 TRACTOR SUPPLY CO CO 69 2,282
21036P108 CONSTELLATION BRANDS 988 2,252
040413106 ARISTA NETWORKS INC 732 4,167
09857L108 BOOKING HOLDINGS INC 482 3,776
001084102 AGCO CORP COM 2,670 2,039
896239100 TRIMBLE INC 1,385 1,670
92826C839 VISA INC-CLASS A SHR 924 5,449
101137107 BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CO 711 3,174
81762P102 SERVICENOW INC 1,662 3,285
252131107 DEXCOM INC 1,841 4,513
90384S303 ULTA BEAUTY INC 1,524 2,371
78409V104 S&P GLOBAL INC 630 2,993
278865100 ECOLAB INC 538 2,090
594918104 MICROSOFT CORP 1,498 18,681
023135106 AMAZON COM INC COM 308 12,880
G1151C101 ACCENTURE PLC 221 1,694
34964C106 FORTUNE BRANDS INNOV 1,045 2,172
617446448 MORGAN STANLEY 1,062 2,250
02079K107 ALPHABET INC CL C 2,093 14,961
67066G104 NVIDIA CORP 2,138 16,445
64110L106 NETFLIX INC 1,427 4,491
893641100 TRANSDIGM GROUP INC 451 2,686
31620M106 FIDELITY NATL INFORM    
532457108 ELI LILLY & CO COM 566 3,281
G66721104 NORWEGIAN CRUISE LIN    
169656105 CHIPOTLE MEXICAN GRI 2,214 6,259
73278L105 POOL CORPORATION 734 1,818
45866F104 INTERCONTINENTAL EXC 252 2,678
016255101 ALIGN TECHNOLOGY INC 561 1,543
11135F101 BROADCOM INC 1,095 6,643
79466L302 SALESFORCE INC 850 3,751
30303M102 META PLATFORMS INC 1,034 9,803
92532F100 VERTEX PHARMACEUTICA 1,306 3,643
697435105 PALO ALTO NETWORKS I 433 2,654
983793100 XPO INC 495 2,354
16679L109 CHEWY INC    
037833100 APPLE INC 249 14,611
235851102 DANAHER CORP 323 2,825
339041105 FLEETCOR TECHNOLOGIE    
90138F102 TWILIO INC    
679295105 OKTA INC 2,543 1,774
36262G101 GXO LOGISTICS INC    
127387108 CADENCE DESIGN SYSTE 1,669 2,290
13646K108 CANADIAN PACIFIC KAN 1,337 2,381
22160K105 COSTCO WHOLESALE COR 1,852 3,240
46120E602 INTUITIVE SURGICAL I 2,228 3,619
88339J105 TRADE DESK INC/THE 2,405 3,340
219948106 CORPAY INC 2,695 2,944
22160N109 COSTAR GROUP, INC 2,294 2,111
23804L103 DATADOG INC 2,476 2,204
64125C109 NEUROCRINE BIOSCIENC 1,976 1,896

TY 2023 InvestmentsOtherSchedule2
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Category/ Item Listed at Cost or FMV Book Value End of Year Fair Market Value
464287226 ISHARES CORE U.S. AG AT COST 117,369 108,875
46090F100 INVESCO OPTIMUM YIEL AT COST 12,646 11,662
46434G103 ISHARES CORE MSCI EM AT COST 9,838 10,886
74440Y884 PGIM HIGH YIELD-Q 10 AT COST 16,158 15,415
922908629 VANGUARD MIDCAP VIPE AT COST 31,212 50,388
46434V613 ISHARES CORE TOTAL B AT COST 36,633 32,767
381430107 GOLDMAN SACHS ACTIVE AT COST 16,411 16,912
464288281 ISHARES JP MORGAN US AT COST 34,708 33,216
46432F842 ISHARES CORE MSCI EA AT COST 31,076 34,330
72201R833 PIMCO ENHANCED SHORT AT COST 16,516 16,711
921937793 VANGUARD LONG-TERM B      
33739H101 FIRST TRUST GLOBAL T AT COST 9,966 9,853

TY 2023 OtherDecreasesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Description Amount
MUTUAL FUND TIMING ADJ 4


TY 2023 OtherExpensesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Description Revenue and Expenses per Books Net Investment Income Adjusted Net Income Disbursements for Charitable Purposes
FILING FEE/STATE TAX 25 0   25


TY 2023 OtherIncomeSchedule2
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Description Revenue And Expenses Per Books Net Investment Income Adjusted Net Income
FEDERAL TAX REFUND 134 0  


TY 2023 OtherIncreasesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Description Amount
ROUNDING 9


TY 2023 OtherProfessionalFeesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Category Amount Net Investment Income Adjusted Net Income Disbursements for Charitable Purposes
INVESTMNT MNGMNT FEES (NON-DED 482 482    


TY 2023 TaxesSchedule
Name:
PLANK JOHN JOSEPH CHARITABLE TRUST
EIN:
20-2610711
Category Amount Net Investment Income Adjusted Net Income Disbursements for Charitable Purposes
FOREIGN TAXES 126 126   0
FOREIGN TAXES ON NONQUALIFIED 67 67   0