TY 2023 Form 990

- TIN:

SCHEDULE A
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Public Charity Status and Public Support

Complete if the organization is a section 501(c)(3) organization or a section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust.
right arrow

Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
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Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public
Inspection

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Part I

Reason for Public Charity Status (All organizations must complete this part.) See instructions.

The organization is not a private foundation because it is: (For lines 1 through 12, check only one box.)

A church, convention of churches, or association of churches described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(i).

A school described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii). (Attach Schedule E (Form 990).)

A hospital or a cooperative hospital service organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iii).

A medical research organization operated in conjunction with a hospital described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iii). Enter the hospital's name, city, and state:

An organization operated for the benefit of a college or university owned or operated by a governmental unit described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iv). (Complete Part II.)

A federal, state, or local government or governmental unit described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(v).

An organization that normally receives a substantial part of its support from a governmental unit or from the general public described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). (Complete Part II.)

A community trust described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). (Complete Part II.)

An agricultural research organization described in 170(b)(1)(A)(ix) operated in conjunction with a land-grant college or university or a non-land grant college of agriculture. See instructions. Enter the name, city, and state of the college or university:

An organization that normally receives: (1) more than 33 1/3% of its support from contributions, membership fees, and gross receipts from activities related to its exempt functions—subject to certain exceptions, and (2) no more than 33 1/3% of its support from gross investment income and unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 tax) from businesses acquired by the organization after June 30, 1975. See section 509(a)(2). (Complete Part III.)

An organization organized and operated exclusively to test for public safety. See section 509(a)(4).

An organization organized and operated exclusively for the benefit of, to perform the functions of, or to carry out the purposes of one or more publicly supported organizations described in section 509(a)(1) or section 509(a)(2). See section 509(a)(3). Check the box on lines 12a through 12d that describes the type of supporting organization and complete lines 12e, 12f, and 12g.

Type I. A supporting organization operated, supervised, or controlled by its supported organization(s), typically by giving the supported organization(s) the power to regularly appoint or elect a majority of the directors or trustees of the supporting organization. You must complete Part IV, Sections A and B.

Type II. A supporting organization supervised or controlled in connection with its supported organization(s), by having control or management of the supporting organization vested in the same persons that control or manage the supported organization(s). You must complete Part IV, Sections A and C.

Type III functionally integrated. A supporting organization operated in connection with, and functionally integrated with, its supported organization(s) (see instructions). You must complete Part IV, Sections A, D, and E.

Type III non-functionally integrated. A supporting organization operated in connection with its supported organization(s) that is not functionally integrated. The organization generally must satisfy a distribution requirement and an attentiveness requirement (see instructions). You must complete Part IV, Sections A and D, and Part V.

Check this box if the organization received a written determination from the IRS that it is a Type I, Type II, Type III functionally integrated, or Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organization.

Enter the number of supported organizations ...............................

Provide the following information about the supported organization(s).

(i) Name of supported organization	(ii) EIN	(iv) Is the organization listed in your governing document?		(v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions)	(vi) Amount of other support (see instructions)
(i) Name of supported organization	(ii) EIN	Yes	No	(v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions)	(vi) Amount of other support (see instructions)


Total

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for
Form 990 or 990-EZ.

Cat. No. 11285F

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part II

Support Schedule for Organizations Described in Sections 170(b)(1)(A)(iv) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)
(Complete only if you checked the box on line 5, 7, or 8 of Part I or if the organization failed to qualify under Part III. If the organization failed to qualify under the tests listed below, please complete Part III.)

Section A. Public Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
1	Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grant.") ..	1,431,928	1,133,631	1,664,860	2,792,446	3,383,266	10,406,131
2	Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf ....						0
3	The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge..						0
4	Total. Add lines 1 through 3	1,431,928	1,133,631	1,664,860	2,792,446	3,383,266	10,406,131
5	The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f) ..						5,627,332
6	Public support. Subtract line 5 from line 4.						4,778,799

Section B. Total Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
7	Amounts from line 4..	1,431,928	1,133,631	1,664,860	2,792,446	3,383,266	10,406,131
8	Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources...	77,908	41,848	10,347	18,206	492,523	640,832
9	Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on..						0
10	Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.)..	173	169	169	178	176	865
11	Total support. Add lines 7 through 10						11,047,828

Gross receipts from related activities, etc. (see instructions) ..................

First 5 years. If the Form 990 is for the organization's first, second, third, fourth, or fifth tax year as a section 501(c)(3) organization, check this box and stop here ........................................ right arrow

Section C. Computation of Public Support Percentage

Public support percentage for 2023 (line 6, column (f) divided by line 11, column (f)) .........

43.26 %

Public support percentage for 2022 Schedule A, Part II, line 14 ...............

46.38 %

16a

33 1/3% support test—2023. If the organization did not check the box on line 13, and line 14 is 33 1/3% or more, check this box
and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ....................... right arrow

33 1/3% support test—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 13 or 16a, and line 15 is 33 1/3% or more, check this
box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ..................... right arrow

17a

10%-facts-and-circumstances test—2023. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, or 16b, and line 14 is 10% or more, and if the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test, check this box and stop here. Explain in Part VI how the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ............ right arrow

10%-facts-and-circumstances test—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, 16b, or 17a, and line 15 is 10% or more, and if the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test, check this box and stop here. Explain in Part VI how the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ............ right arrow

Private foundation. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, 16b, 17a, or 17b, check this box and see
instructions ..................................................... right arrow

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 3

Part III

Support Schedule for Organizations Described in Section 509(a)(2)
(Complete only if you checked the box on line 10 of Part I or if the organization failed to qualify under Part II. If the organization fails to qualify under the tests listed below, please complete Part II.)

Section A. Public Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
1	Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") .
2	Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose
3	Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513 .....
4	Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf...
5	The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge
6	Total. Add lines 1 through 5
7a	Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons
b	Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year.
c	Add lines 7a and 7b..
8	Public support. (Subtract line 7c from line 6.)

Section B. Total Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
9	Amounts from line 6...
10a	Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources..
b	Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975.
c	Add lines 10a and 10b.
11	Net income from unrelated business activities not included on line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.
12	Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.) ..
13	Total support. (Add lines 9, 10c, 11, and 12.)..

First 5 years. If the Form 990 is for the organization's first, second, third, fourth, or fifth tax year as a section 501(c)(3) organization, check this box and stop here................................................. right arrow

Section C. Computation of Public Support Percentage

Public support percentage for 2023 (line 8, column (f) divided by line 13, column (f)) .........

Public support percentage from 2022 Schedule A, Part III, line 15 ...............

Section D. Computation of Investment Income Percentage

Investment income percentage for 2023 (line 10c, column (f) divided by line 13, column (f)) ......

Investment income percentage from 2022 Schedule A, Part III, line 17 .............

19a

33 1/3% support tests-2023. If the organization did not check the box on line 14, and line 15 is more than 33 1/3%, and line 17 is not more than 33 1/3%, check this box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ....... right arrow

33 1/3 % support tests—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 14 or line 19a, and line 16 is more than 33 1/3% and line 18 is not more than 33 1/3%, check this box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ..... right arrow

Private foundation. If the organization did not check a box on line 14, 19a, or 19b, check this box and see instructions .... right arrow

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 4

Part IV

Supporting Organizations

(Complete only if you checked a box on line 12 of Part I. If you checked box 12a, of Part I, complete Sections A and B. If you checked box 12b, of Part I, complete Sections A and C. If you checked box 12c, of Part I, complete Sections A, D, and E. If you checked box12d, of Part I, complete Sections A and D, and complete Part V.)

Section A. All Supporting Organizations

Yes

Are all of the organization’s supported organizations listed by name in the organization’s governing documents?
If "No," describe in Part VI how the supported organizations are designated. If designated by class or purpose,
describe the designation. If historic and continuing relationship, explain.

Did the organization have any supported organization that does not have an IRS determination of status under section 509(a)(1) or (2)? If "Yes," explain in Part VI how the organization determined that the supported organization was described in section 509(a)(1) or (2).

Did the organization have a supported organization described in section 501(c)(4), (5), or (6)? If "Yes," answer lines 3b and 3c below.

Did the organization confirm that each supported organization qualified under section 501(c)(4), (5), or (6) and satisfied the public support tests under section 509(a)(2)? If "Yes," describe in Part VI when and how the organization made the determination.

Did the organization ensure that all support to such organizations was used exclusively for section 170(c)(2)(B) purposes? If "Yes," explain in Part VI what controls the organization put in place to ensure such use.

Was any supported organization not organized in the United States ("foreign supported organization")? If “Yes” and if you checked box 12a or 12b in Part I, answer lines 4b and 4c below.

Did the organization have ultimate control and discretion in deciding whether to make grants to the foreign supported organization? If “Yes,” describe in Part VI how the organization had such control and discretion despite being controlled or supervised by or in connection with its supported organizations.

Did the organization support any foreign supported organization that does not have an IRS determination under sections 501(c)(3) and 509(a)(1) or (2)? If “Yes,” explain in Part VI what controls the organization used to ensure that all support to the foreign supported organization was used exclusively for section 170(c)(2)(B) purposes.

Did the organization add, substitute, or remove any supported organizations during the tax year? If “Yes,” answer lines 5b and 5c below (if applicable). Also, provide detail in Part VI, including (i) the names and EIN numbers of the supported organizations added, substituted, or removed; (ii) the reasons for each such action; (iii) the authority under the organization's organizing document authorizing such action; and (iv) how the action was accomplished (such as by amendment to the organizing document).

Type I or Type II only. Was any added or substituted supported organization part of a class already designated in the organization's organizing document?

Substitutions only. Was the substitution the result of an event beyond the organization's control?

Did the organization provide support (whether in the form of grants or the provision of services or facilities) to anyone other than (i) its supported organizations, (ii) individuals that are part of the charitable class benefited by one or more of its supported organizations, or (iii) other supporting organizations that also support or benefit one or more of the filing organization’s supported organizations? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did the organization provide a grant, loan, compensation, or other similar payment to a substantial contributor (defined in section 4958(c)(3)(C)), a family member of a substantial contributor, or a 35% controlled entity with regard to a substantial contributor? If “Yes,” complete Part I of Schedule L (Form 990) .

Did the organization make a loan to a disqualified person (as defined in section 4958) not described on line 7? If “Yes,” complete Part I of Schedule L (Form 990).

Was the organization controlled directly or indirectly at any time during the tax year by one or more disqualified persons, as defined in section 4946 (other than foundation managers and organizations described in section 509(a)(1) or (2))? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did one or more disqualified persons (as defined on line 9a) hold a controlling interest in any entity in which the supporting organization had an interest? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did a disqualified person (as defined on line 9a) have an ownership interest in, or derive any personal benefit from, assets in which the supporting organization also had an interest? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

10a

Was the organization subject to the excess business holdings rules of section 4943 because of section 4943(f) (regarding certain Type II supporting organizations, and all Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organizations)? If “Yes,” answer line 10b below.

10a

Did the organization have any excess business holdings in the tax year? (Use Schedule C, Form 4720, to determine whether the organization had excess business holdings).

10b

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 5

Part IV

Supporting Organizations (continued)

Yes

Has the organization accepted a gift or contribution from any of the following persons?

A person who directly or indirectly controls, either alone or together with persons described on lines 11b and 11c below, the governing body of a supported organization?

11a

A family member of a person described on 11a above?

11b

A 35% controlled entity of a person described on line 11a or 11b above? If “Yes” to 11a, 11b, or 11c, provide detail in Part VI.

11c

Section B. Type I Supporting Organizations

Yes

Did the officers, directors, trustees, or membership of one or more supported organizations have the power to regularly appoint or elect at least a majority of the organization’s directors or trustees at all times during the tax year? If “No,” describe in Part VI how the supported organization(s) effectively operated, supervised, or controlled the organization’s activities. If the organization had more than one supported organization, describe how the powers to appoint and/or remove directors or trustees were allocated among the supported organizations and what conditions or restrictions, if any, applied to such powers during the tax year.

Did the organization operate for the benefit of any supported organization other than the supported organization(s) that operated, supervised, or controlled the supporting organization? If “Yes,” explain in Part VI how providing such benefit carried out the purposes of the supported organization(s) that operated, supervised or controlled the supporting organization.

Section C. Type II Supporting Organizations

Yes

Were a majority of the organization’s directors or trustees during the tax year also a majority of the directors or trustees of each of the organization’s supported organization(s)? If “No,” describe in Part VI how control or management of the supporting organization was vested in the same persons that controlled or managed the supported organization(s).

Section D. All Type III Supporting Organizations

Yes

Did the organization provide to each of its supported organizations, by the last day of the fifth month of the organization’s tax year, (i) a written notice describing the type and amount of support provided during the prior tax year, (ii) a copy of the Form 990 that was most recently filed as of the date of notification, and (iii) copies of the organization’s governing documents in effect on the date of notification, to the extent not previously provided?

Were any of the organization’s officers, directors, or trustees either (i) appointed or elected by the supported organization(s) or (ii) serving on the governing body of a supported organization? If "No," explain in Part VI how the organization maintained a close and continuous working relationship with the supported organization(s).

By reason of the relationship described in line 2 above, did the organization’s supported organizations have a significant voice in the organization’s investment policies and in directing the use of the organization’s income or assets at all times during the tax year? If "Yes," describe in Part VI the role the organization’s supported organizations played in this regard.

Section E. Type III Functionally-Integrated Supporting Organizations

Check the box next to the method that the organization used to satisfy the Integral Part Test during the year (see instructions):

The organization satisfied the Activities Test. Complete line 2 below.

The organization is the parent of each of its supported organizations. Complete line 3 below.

The organization supported a governmental entity. Describe in Part VI how you supported a government entity (see instructions)

Activities Test. Answer lines 2a and 2b below.

Yes

Did substantially all of the organization’s activities during the tax year directly further the exempt purposes of the supported organization(s) to which the organization was responsive? If "Yes," then in Part VI identify those supported organizations and explain how these activities directly furthered their exempt purposes, how the organization was responsive to those supported organizations, and how the organization determined that these activities constituted substantially all of its activities.

Did the activities described on line 2a, above constitute activities that, but for the organization’s involvement, one or more of the organization’s supported organization(s) would have been engaged in? If "Yes," explain in Part VI the reasons for the organization’s position that its supported organization(s) would have engaged in these activities but for the organization’s involvement.

Parent of Supported Organizations. Answer lines 3a and 3b below.

Did the organization have the power to regularly appoint or elect a majority of the officers, directors, or trustees of each of the supported organizations?If "Yes" or "No", provide details in Part VI.

Did the organization exercise a substantial degree of direction over the policies, programs and activities of each of its supported organizations? If "Yes," describe in Part VI. the role played by the organization in this regard.

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 6

Part V

Type III Non-Functionally Integrated 509(a)(3) Supporting Organizations

Check here if the organization satisfied the Integral Part Test as a qualifying trust on Nov. 20, 1970 (explain in Part VI). See instructions. All other Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organizations must complete Sections A through E.

	Section A - Adjusted Net Income		(A) Prior Year	(B) Current Year (optional)
1	Net short-term capital gain	1
2	Recoveries of prior-year distributions	2
3	Other gross income (see instructions)	3
4	Add lines 1 through 3	4
5	Depreciation and depletion	5
6	Portion of operating expenses paid or incurred for production or collection of gross income or for management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for production of income (see instructions)	6
7	Other expenses (see instructions)	7
8	Adjusted Net Income (subtract lines 5, 6 and 7 from line 4)	8

	Section B - Minimum Asset Amount		(A) Prior Year	(B) Current Year (optional)
1	Aggregate fair market value of all non-exempt-use assets (see instructions for short tax year or assets held for part of year):	1
a	Average monthly value of securities	1a
b	Average monthly cash balances	1b
c	Fair market value of other non-exempt-use assets	1c
d	Total (add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c)	1d
e	Discount claimed for blockage or other factors (explain in detail in Part VI):
2	Acquisition indebtedness applicable to non-exempt use assets	2
3	Subtract line 2 from line 1d	3
4	Cash deemed held for exempt use. Enter 0.015 of line 3 (for greater amount, see instructions).	4
5	Net value of non-exempt-use assets (subtract line 4 from line 3)	5
6	Multiply line 5 by 0.035	6
7	Recoveries of prior-year distributions	7
8	Minimum Asset Amount (add line 7 to line 6)	8

	Section C - Distributable Amount		Current Year
1	Adjusted net income for prior year (from Section A, line 8, Column A)	1
2	Enter 85% of line 1	2
3	Minimum asset amount for prior year (from Section B, line 8, Column A)	3
4	Enter greater of line 2 or line 3	4
5	Income tax imposed in prior year	5
6	Distributable Amount. Subtract line 5 from line 4, unless subject to emergency temporary reduction (see instructions)	6

Check here if the current year is the organization's first as a non-functionally-integrated Type III supporting organization (see instructions)

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 7

Part V

Type III Non-Functionally Integrated 509(a)(3) Supporting Organizations(continued)

Section D - Distributions		Current Year
1 Amounts paid to supported organizations to accomplish exempt purposes	1
2 Amounts paid to perform activity that directly furthers exempt purposes of supported organizations, in excess of income from activity	2
3 Administrative expenses paid to accomplish exempt purposes of supported organizations	3
4 Amounts paid to acquire exempt-use assets	4
5 Qualified set-aside amounts (prior IRS approval required - provide details in Part VI)	5
6 Other distributions (describe in Part VI). See instructions	6
7Total annual distributions. Add lines 1 through 6.	7
8 Distributions to attentive supported organizations to which the organization is responsive (provide details in Part VI). See instructions	8
9 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6	9
10 Line 8 amount divided by Line 9 amount	10

Section E - Distribution Allocations (see instructions)		(i) Excess Distributions	(ii) Underdistributions Pre-2023	(iii) Distributable Amount for 2023
1 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6
2 Underdistributions, if any, for years prior to 2023 (reasonable cause required-- explain in Part VI). See instructions.
3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2023:
a From 2018.......
b From 2019.......
c From 2020.......
d From 2021.......
e From 2022.......
fTotal of lines 3a through e
g Applied to underdistributions of prior years
h Applied to 2023 distributable amount
i Carryover from 2018 not applied (see instructions)
j Remainder. Subtract lines 3g, 3h, and 3i from line 3f.
4Distributions for 2023 from Section D, line 7:
$
a Applied to underdistributions of prior years
b Applied to 2023 distributable amount
c Remainder. Subtract lines 4a and 4b from line 4.
5 Remaining underdistributions for years prior to 2023, if any. Subtract lines 3g and 4a from line 2. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions.
6 Remaining underdistributions for 2023. Subtract lines 3h and 4b from line 1. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions.
7 Excess distributions carryover to 2024. Add lines 3j and 4c.
8 Breakdown of line 7:
a Excess from 2019.....
b Excess from 2020.....
c Excess from 2021.....
d Excess from 2022.....
e Excess from 2023.....

Schedule A (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 8

Part VI

Supplemental Information. Provide the explanations required by Part II, line 10; Part II, line 17a or 17b; Part III, line 12; Part IV, Section A, lines 1, 2, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5a, 6, 9a, 9b, 9c, 11a, 11b, and 11c; Part IV, Section B, lines 1 and 2; Part IV, Section C, line 1; Part IV, Section D, lines 2 and 3; Part IV, Section E, lines 1c, 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b; Part V, line 1; Part V, Section B, line 1e; Part V Section D, lines 5, 6, and 8; and Part V, Section E, lines 2, 5, and 6. Also complete this part for any additional information. (See instructions).

Facts And Circumstances Test

Return Reference	Explanation
Schedule A, Part II, Line 1 UNUSUAL GRANTS BY YEAR	2022 - 5,000,000
Schedule A, Part II, Line 10 Other Income	DESCRIPTION - MISCELLANEOUS INCOME, COLUMN A - 173.0, COLUMN B - 169.0, COLUMN C - 169.0, COLUMN D - 178.0, COLUMN E - 176.0, COLUMN F - 865.0;

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

- TIN:

Schedule B
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Schedule of Contributors

Attach to Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF.

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Organization type (check one):

Filers of:

Section:

Form 990 or 990-EZ

501(c)( ) (enter number) organization

4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust not treated as a private foundation

527 political organization

Form 990-PF

501(c)(3) exempt private foundation

4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust treated as a private foundation

501(c)(3) taxable private foundation

Check if your organization is covered by the General Rule or a Special Rule.
Note: Only a section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) organization can check boxes for both the General Rule and a Special Rule. See instructions.

General Rule

For an organization filing Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF that received, during the year, contributions totaling $5,000 or more (in money or other property) from any one contributor. Complete Parts I and II. See instructions for determining a contributor's total contributions.

Special Rules

For an organization described in section 501(c)(3) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that met the 33¹/3% support test of the regulations
under sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), that checked Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ), Part II, line 13, 16a, or 16b, and that received from any one contributor, during the year, total contributions of the greater of (1) $5,000 or (2) 2% of the amount on (i) Form 990, Part VIII, line 1h, or (ii) Form 990-EZ, line 1. Complete Parts I and II.

For an organization described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that received from any one contributor,
during the year, total contributions of more than $1,000 exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals. Complete Parts I, II, and III.

For an organization described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that received from any one contributor,
during the year, contributions exclusively for religious, charitable, etc., purposes, but no such contributions totaled more than $1,000. If this box is checked, enter here the total contributions that were received during the year for an exclusively religious, charitable, etc., purpose. Don't complete any of the parts unless the General Rule applies to this organization because it received nonexclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions totaling $5,000 or more during the year ......... Arrow Bullet

Caution: An organization that isn't covered by the General Rule and/or the Special Rules doesn't file Schedule B (Form 990,
990-EZ, or 990-PF), but it must answer “No” on Part IV, line 2, of its Form 990; or check the box on line H of its Form 990-EZ
or on its Form 990PF, Part I, line 2, to certify that it doesn't meet the filing requirements of Schedule B (Form 990,
990-EZ, or 990-PF).

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions
for Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF.

Cat. No. 30613XSchedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023) Page 2

Name of organization Landmark Legal Foundation

Part I Contributors	Contributors (see instructions). Use duplicate copies of Part I if additional space is needed.
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
RESTRICTED	,	$ RESTRICTED	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Page 3

Name of organization Landmark Legal Foundation		Employer identification number 51-0203802

Part II	Noncash Property (see instructions). Use duplicate copies of Part II if additional space is needed.
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Page 4


Name of organization Landmark Legal Foundation			Employer identification number 51-0203802
Part III Exclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions to organizations described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) that total more than $1,000 for the year from any one contributor. Complete columns (a) through (e) and the following line entry. For organizations completing Part III, enter the total of exclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions of $1,000 or less for the year. (Enter this information once. See instructions.) $ Use duplicate copies of Part III if additional space is needed.

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

- TIN:

SCHEDULE D
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Supplemental Financial Statements

Complete if the organization answered "Yes," on Form 990,
Part IV, line 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 12a, or 12b.
right arrow

Attach to Form 990.
right arrow

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2022

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Part I

Organizations Maintaining Donor Advised Funds or Other Similar Funds or Accounts. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 6.

		(a) Donor advised funds	(b) Funds and other accounts
1	Total number at end of year .........
2	Aggregate value of contributions to (during year)
3	Aggregate value of grants from (during year)
4	Aggregate value at end of year ........

Did the organization inform all donors and donor advisors in writing that the assets held in donor advised funds are the organization’s property, subject to the organization’s exclusive legal control? ............

Yes No

Did the organization inform all grantees, donors, and donor advisors in writing that grant funds can be used only for charitable purposes and not for the benefit of the donor or donor advisor, or for any other purpose conferring impermissible private benefit? ...................................

Yes No

Part II

Conservation Easements.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 7.

Purpose(s) of conservation easements held by the organization (check all that apply).

Preservation of land for public use (e.g., recreation or education) Preservation of an historically important land area

Protection of natural habitat Preservation of a certified historic structure

Preservation of open space

Complete lines 2a through 2d if the organization held a qualified conservation contribution in the form of a conservation easement on the last day of the tax year.


a	Total number of conservation easements ......................	2a
b	Total acreage restricted by conservation easements ....................	2b
c	Number of conservation easements on a certified historic structure included in (a) .....	2c
d	Number of conservation easements included in (c) acquired after July 25, 2006, and not on a historic structure listed in the National Register ...	2d

Number of conservation easements modified, transferred, released, extinguished, or terminated by the organization during the
tax year right arrow

Number of states where property subject to conservation easement is located right arrow

Does the organization have a written policy regarding the periodic monitoring, inspection, handling of violations, and enforcement of the conservation easements it holds? ............

Yes No

Staff and volunteer hours devoted to monitoring, inspecting, handling of violations, and enforcing conservation easements during the year
right arrow

Amount of expenses incurred in monitoring, inspecting, handling of violations, and enforcing conservation easements during the year
right arrow

Does each conservation easement reported on line 2(d) above satisfy the requirements of section 170(h)(4)(B)(i) and section 170(h)(4)(B)(ii)? .............................

Yes No

In Part XIII, describe how the organization reports conservation easements in its revenue and expense statement, and
balance sheet, and include, if applicable, the text of the footnote to the organization’s financial statements that describes
the organization’s accounting for conservation easements.

Part III

Organizations Maintaining Collections of Art, Historical Treasures, or Other Similar Assets.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 8.

If the organization elected, as permitted under FASB ASC 958, not to report in its revenue statement and balance sheet works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets held for public exhibition, education, or research in furtherance of public service, provide, in Part XIII, the text of the footnote to its financial statements that describes these items.

If the organization elected, as permitted under FASB ASC 958, to report in its revenue statement and balance sheet works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets held for public exhibition, education, or research in furtherance of public service, provide the following amounts relating to these items:

(i)

Revenue included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 1 ......................... right arrow

(ii)

Assets included in Form 990, Part X ............................... right arrow

If the organization received or held works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets for financial gain, provide the
following amounts required to be reported under FASB ASC 958 relating to these items:

Revenue included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 1 .......................... right arrow

Assets included in Form 990, Part X ............................... right arrow

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 52283D

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 2

Part III

Organizations Maintaining Collections of Art, Historical Treasures, or Other Similar Assets (continued)

Using the organization’s acquisition, accession, and other records, check any of the following that are a significant use of its collection items (check all that apply):

Public exhibition

Loan or exchange programs

Scholarly research

Other

Preservation for future generations

Provide a description of the organization’s collections and explain how they further the organization’s exempt purpose in
Part XIII.

During the year, did the organization solicit or receive donations of art, historical treasures or other similar
assets to be sold to raise funds rather than to be maintained as part of the organization’s collection?...

Yes No

Part IV

Escrow and Custodial Arrangements. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 9, or reported an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 21.

Is the organization an agent, trustee, custodian or other intermediary for contributions or other assets not
included on Form 990, Part X? ....................................

Yes No


b	If "Yes," explain the arrangement in Part XIII and complete the following table:		Amount
c	Beginning balance .............................	1c
d	Additions during the year ............................	1d
e	Distributions during the year ..........................	1e
f	Ending balance ................................	1f

Did the organization include an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 21, for escrow or custodial account liability? ...

Yes No

If "Yes," explain the arrangement in Part XIII. Check here if the explanation has been provided in Part XIII ....

Part V

Endowment Funds.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 10.

		(a) Current year	(b) Prior year	(c) Two years back	(d) Three years back	(e) Four years back

1a	Beginning of year balance ....
b	Contributions ...
c	Net investment earnings, gains, and losses
d	Grants or scholarships ...
e	Other expenditures for facilities and programs ...
f	Administrative expenses ....
g	End of year balance ......

Provide the estimated percentage of the current year end balance (line 1g, column (a)) held as:

Board designated or quasi-endowment right arrow

Permanent endowment right arrow

Term endowment right arrow

The percentages on lines 2a, 2b, and 2c should equal 100%.

Are there endowment funds not in the possession of the organization that are held and administered for the
organization by:

Yes

(i) Unrelated organizations .................

3a(i)

(ii) Related organizations .................

3a(ii)

If "Yes" on 3a(ii), are the related organizations listed as required on Schedule R? .........

Describe in Part XIII the intended uses of the organization's endowment funds.

Part VI

Land, Buildings, and Equipment.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 11a. See Form 990, Part X, line 10.

Description of property		(a) Cost or other basis (investment)	(b) Cost or other basis (other)	(c) Accumulated depreciation	(d) Book value

1a	Land .....
b	Buildings ....	748,176	482,607	265,569
c	Leasehold improvements
d	Equipment ....	53,904	53,904	0
e	Other .....	54,668	42,667	12,001
Total. Add lines 1a through 1e. (Column (d) must equal Form 990, Part X, column (B), line 10(c).)..				277,570

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 3

Part VII

Investments - Other Securities.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 11b. See Form 990, Part X, line 12.

(a) Description of security or category (including name of security)	(b) Book value	(c) Method of valuation: Cost or end-of-year market value
(1) Financial derivatives.........
(2) Closely-held equity interests........
(3)Other
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)
(H)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col. (B) line 12.)

Part VIII

Investments - Program Related. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11c. See Form 990, Part X, line 13.

(a) Description of investment	(b) Book value	(c) Method of valuation: Cost or end-of-year market value

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 13.)

Part IX

Other Assets.
Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11d. See Form 990, Part X, line 15.

(a) Description				(b) Book value

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 15.)...........

Part X

Other Liabilities.
Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11e or 11f. See Form 990, Part X, line 25.

1.(a) Description of liability	(b) Book value
(1) Federal income taxes
OPERATING LEASE LIABILITY	69,856








Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 25.)	69,856
2. Liability for uncertain tax positions. In Part XIII, provide the text of the footnote to the organization's financial statements that reports the organization's liability for uncertain tax positions under FIN 48 (ASC 740). Check here if the text of the footnote has been provided in Part XIII

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 4

Part XI Reconciliation of Revenue per Audited Financial Statements With Revenue per Return. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 12a.
1	Total revenue, gains, and other support per audited financial statements .......			1	3,810,947
2	Amounts included on line 1 but not on Form 990, Part VIII, line 12:
a	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments ....	2a	175,628
b	Donated services and use of facilities .........	2b
c	Recoveries of prior year grants ...........	2c
d	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	2d	0
e	Add lines 2a through 2d .....................			2e	175,628
3	Subtract line 2e from line 1..................			3	3,635,319
4	Amounts included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 12, but not on line 1:
a	Investment expenses not included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 7b .	4a
b	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	4b	0
c	Add lines 4a and 4b....................			4c	0
5	Total revenue. Add lines 3 and 4c. (This must equal Form 990, Part I, line 12.) ......			5	3,635,319

Part XII Reconciliation of Expenses per Audited Financial Statements With Expenses per Return. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 12a.
1	Total expenses and losses per audited financial statements ...........			1	1,741,631
2	Amounts included on line 1 but not on Form 990, Part IX, line 25:
a	Donated services and use of facilities .........	2a
b	Prior year adjustments ............	2b
c	Other losses ................	2c
d	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	2d	0
e	Add lines 2a through 2d....................			2e	0
3	Subtract line 2e from line 1...................			3	1,741,631
4	Amounts included on Form 990, Part IX, line 25, but not on line 1:
a	Investment expenses not included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 7b ..	4a
b	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	4b	0
c	Add lines 4a and 4b.....................			4c	0
5	Total expenses. Add lines 3 and 4c. (This must equal Form 990, Part I, line 18.) ......			5	1,741,631

Part XIII

Supplemental Information

Provide the descriptions required for Part II, lines 3, 5, and 9; Part III, lines 1a and 4; Part lV, lines 1b and 2b; Part V, line 4; Part X, line 2; Part XI, lines 2d and 4b; and Part XII, lines 2d and 4b. Also complete this part to provide any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation
Schedule D, Part X, Line 2	MANAGEMENT HAS EVALUATED THEIR INCOME TAX POSITIONS UNDER THE GUIDANCE INCLUDED IN ASC 740. BASED ON THEIR REVIEW, MANAGEMENT HAS NOT INDENTIFIED ANY MATERIAL UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS TO BE RECORDED OR DISCLOSED IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

- TIN:

Schedule J
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Compensation Information

For certain Officers, Directors, Trustees, Key Employees, and Highest
Compensated Employees
medium right arrow graphic

Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 23.
medium right arrow graphic

Attach to Form 990.
medium right arrow graphic

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Part I

Questions Regarding Compensation

Yes

Check the appropiate box(es) if the organization provided any of the following to or for a person listed on Form
990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a. Complete Part III to provide any relevant information regarding these items.

First-class or charter travel Housing allowance or residence for personal use

Travel for companions Payments for business use of personal residence

Tax idemnification and gross-up payments Health or social club dues or initiation fees

Discretionary spending account Personal services (e.g., maid, chauffeur, chef)

If any of the boxes on Line 1a are checked, did the organization follow a written policy regarding payment or reimbursement or provision of all of the expenses described above? If "No," complete Part III to explain .....

Did the organization require substantiation prior to reimbursing or allowing expenses incurred by all
directors, trustees, officers, including the CEO/Executive Director, regarding the items checked on Line 1a? ....

Indicate which, if any, of the following the filing organization used to establish the compensation of the
organization's CEO/Executive Director. Check all that apply. Do not check any boxes for methods
used by a related organization to establish compensation of the CEO/Executive Director, but explain in Part III.

Compensation committee Written employment contract

Independent compensation consultant Compensation survey or study

Form 990 of other organizations Approval by the board or compensation committee

During the year, did any person listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, with respect to the filing organization or a related organization:

Receive a severance payment or change-of-control payment? .............

Participate in, or receive payment from, a supplemental nonqualified retirement plan? .........

Participate in, or receive payment from, an equity-based compensation arrangement? .........

If "Yes" to any of lines 4a-c, list the persons and provide the applicable amounts for each item in Part III.

Only 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), and 501(c)(29) organizations must complete lines 5-9.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization pay or accrue any
compensation contingent on the revenues of:

The organization? ....................

Any related organization? .......................

If "Yes," on line 5a or 5b, describe in Part III.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization pay or accrue any
compensation contingent on the net earnings of:

The organization? ..................

Any related organization? ......................

If "Yes," on line 6a or 6b, describe in Part III.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization provide any nonfixed
payments not described in lines 5 and 6? If "Yes," describe in Part III ............

Were any amounts reported on Form 990, Part VII, paid or accured pursuant to a contract that was
subject to the initial contract exception described in Regulations section 53.4958-4(a)(3)? If "Yes," describe
in Part III ..........................

If "Yes" on line 8, did the organization also follow the rebuttable presumption procedure described in Regulations section 53.4958-6(c)? .........................

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 50053T

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part II

Officers, Directors, Trustees, Key Employees, and Highest Compensated Employees. Use duplicate copies if additional space is needed.

For each individual whose compensation must be reported on Schedule J, report compensation from the organization on row (i) and from related organizations, described in the
instructions, on row (ii). Do not list any individuals that are not listed on Form 990, Part VII.
Note. The sum of columns (B)(i)-(iii) for each listed individual must equal the total amount of Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, applicable column (D) and (E) amounts for that individual.

(A) Name and Title		(B) Breakdown of W-2, 1099-MISC compensation, and/or 1099-NEC			(C) Retirement and other deferred compensation	(D) Nontaxable benefits	(E) Total of columns (B)(i)-(D)	(F) Compensation in column (B) reported as deferred on prior Form 990
(A) Name and Title		(i) Base compensation	(ii) Bonus & incentive compensation	(iii) Other reportable compensation	(C) Retirement and other deferred compensation	(D) Nontaxable benefits	(E) Total of columns (B)(i)-(D)
1RICHARD P HUTCHISON DIRECTOR/PRESIDENT	(i) (ii)	275,625 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	22,050 ------------- 0	46,115 ------------- 0	343,790 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
2MATTHEW C FORYS Executive Vice President	(i) (ii)	188,750 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	15,100 ------------- 0	46,401 ------------- 0	250,251 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
3MICHAEL J O'NEILL Vice President for Legal Programming	(i) (ii)	188,750 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	15,100 ------------- 0	45,711 ------------- 0	249,561 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Page 3

Part III

Supplemental Information

Provide the information, explanation, or descriptions required for Part I, lines 1a, 1b, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7, and 8, and for Part II. Also complete this part for any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation
Schedule J, Part II, Column (D)	UP TO 79% OF "NONTAXABLE BENEFITS" REPRESENTS THE COST OF HEALTH INSURANCE PREMIUMS, WHICH HAVE MORE THAN DOUBLED SINCE PASSAGE OF THE PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT.

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

- TIN:

Schedule L
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Transactions with Interested Persons

Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, lines 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 28a, 28b, or 28c, or Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 38a or 40b.
Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Part I

Excess Benefit Transactions (section 501(c)(3), section 501(c)(4), and section 501(c)(29) organizations only).
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 25a or 25b, or Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 40b.

1(a) Name of disqualified person	(c) Description of transaction	(d) Corrected?
1(a) Name of disqualified person	(c) Description of transaction	Yes	No

Enter the amount of tax incurred by the organization managers or disqualified persons during the year under section 4958. ........................... $

Enter the amount of tax, if any, on line 2, above, reimbursed by the organization ........ $

Part II

Loans to and/or From Interested Persons.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 38a, or Form 990, Part IV, line 26; or if the organization reported an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 5, 6, or 22

(a) Name of interested person	(b) Relationship with organization	(c) Purpose of loan	(d) Loan to or from the organization?		(e) Original principal amount	(f) Balance due	(g) In default?		(h) Approved by board or committee?		(i) Written agreement?
(a) Name of interested person	(b) Relationship with organization	(c) Purpose of loan	To	From	(e) Original principal amount	(f) Balance due	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No




Total ............... $

Part III

Grants or Assistance Benefiting Interested Persons.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 27.

(a) Name of interested person	(b) Relationship between interested person and the organization	(c) Amount of assistance	(d) Type of assistance	(e) Purpose of assistance

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990 or 990-EZ.

Cat. No. 50056A

Schedule L (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part IV

Business Transactions Involving Interested Persons.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 28a, 28b, or 28c.

(a) Name of interested person	(c) Amount of transaction	(d) Description of transaction	(e) Sharing of organization's revenues?
(a) Name of interested person	(c) Amount of transaction	(d) Description of transaction	Yes	No
(1) SEE SCHEDULE L PART V

Part V

Supplemental Information
Provide additional information for responses to questions on Schedule L (see instructions).

Return Reference

Explanation

Schedule L, Part IV Line 1

(A) ROBERT S LEVIN (B) ROBERT S LEVIN IS THE BROTHER OF MARK R LEVIN, THE CHAIRMAN OF LANDMARK LEGAL FOUNDATION. (C) $37,306 - SALARY $20,000 AND "OTHER" COMPENSATION OF $17,306. UP TO 79% OF OTHER COMPENSATION IS HEALTH INSURANCE-RELATED EXPENSE IDENTICAL TO ALL EMPLOYEES. (D) COMPENSATION, INCLUDING BOARD APPROVED SALARY AND BENEFITS IDENTICAL TO ALL EMPLOYEES. UP TO 79% OF "OTHER" COMPENSATION IS HEALTH INSURANCE - RELATED EXPENSE IDENTICAL TO ALL EMPLOYEES. (E) NO

Schedule L (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

- TIN:

SCHEDULE O
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Supplemental Information to Form 990 or 990-EZ

Complete to provide information for responses to specific questions on
Form 990 or 990-EZ or to provide any additional information.
Attach to Form 990 or 990-EZ.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public
Inspection

Name of the organization

Landmark Legal Foundation

Employer identification number

51-0203802

Return Reference	Explanation
Form 990, Part III, Line 1 ORGANIZATION'S MISSION	THE LANDMARK LEGAL FOUNDATION (A MISSOURI NON PROFIT CORPORATION) IS A NATIONAL PUBLIC INTEREST LAW FIRM COMMITTED TO PRESERVING THE PRINCIPLES OF LIMITED GOVERNMENT, SEPARATION OF POWERS, FEDERALISM, ADVANCING AN ORIGINALIST APPROACH TO THE CONSTITUTION AND DEFENDING INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES. SPECIALIZING IN CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY AND LITIGATION, LANDMARK'S LEGAL PROGRAM PROVIDES EXTENSIVE PUBLIC EDUCATION RELATED TO CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION, THE PROPER ROLE OF JUDICIARY, AND GOVERNMENTAL INTEGRITY.
Form 990, Part III, Line 4a PROGRAM SERVICE DESCRIPTION	United States Supreme Court and Lower Court Cases Trump v. Anderson and related cases Landmark opposed legal actions seeking to have former President Donald Trump declared ineligible for the presidency under Section Three of the Fourteenth Amendment. Landmark filed briefs with the Michigan Court of Appeals and the Oregon Supreme Court urging rejection of these actions. In January, Landmark submitted a brief to the U.S. Supreme Court urging the Court to overturn the Colorado Supreme Court's decision disqualifying Mr. Trump from appearing on the Republican primary ballot. Landmark argued that affirming Colorado's decision would enable partisan officials to disqualify their political opponents by declaring them insurrectionists without the due process of law. Landmark's brief presented examples of incidents where politicians gave impassioned speeches that could, using Colorado's standard, be classified as inciting insurrection. Vice President Kamala Harris' statement that the 2020 violent riots "should "need" to continue was an example as was Representative Jamaal Bowan's pulling of a Capitol fire alarm. Loper v. Raimondo (Chevron Deference) In Loper v. Raimondo, the Supreme Court will decide whether it will officially revoke its decision in Chevron v. Natural Res. Def. Council. Landmark's amicus brief in Loper, highlighted the Biden Administration's failures to follow Court decisions in recent administrative law cases. Despite imposition of the Major Questions Doctrine in West Virginia v. EPA and the limiting principles espoused in Biden v. Nebraska (student loan cancellation), administrative agencies continue to promulgate regulations well beyond their statutory authority. Revocation of Chevron will place additional restraints on administrative agencies in their continuing efforts to unconstitutionally usurp legislative authority from Congress. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau v. Community Regulation Financial Landmark filed a brief at the merits stage urging the Supreme Court to uphold a Fifth Circuit decision striking down the CFPB's unconstitutional funding scheme, which operates outside the normal congressional appropriations process. Instead of receiving money allocated to it each year by Congress, the CFPB receives funding directly from the Federal Reserve, which collects fees from member banks. Landmark argued that CFPB's funding scheme violates the Constitution's appropriations clause, which directs that "[n]o Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law." Landmark also demonstrated from CFPB disclosure reports that the Bureau uses its funding as an investment tool, amassing a revenue stream outside of the control of Congress or the Executive branch that to date exceeds $330 million. Landmark was on the winning side in a previous challenge to CFPB's single-director structure, which violated the Appointments clause by insulating CFPB's director from the President's removal power. Unfortunately, this time Justice Thomas writing for a 7-2 majority ruled against us, upholding the CFPB's financing mechanism. Justice Alito, joined by Justice Gorsuch, dissented. Charles G. Moore et ux. v. United States (Wealth Tax Case) After successfully supporting a petition for certiorari, Landmark filed an amicus brief at the merits stage arguing that Mandatory Repatriation Tax of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was a direct tax on the Moore's wealth. The MRT applied retroactively to the Moore's' proportional ownership of a foreign corporation, even though they did not realize any income. They did not sell their shares and never received any dividends. Since the direct tax was not apportioned among the states by population, it violated the Constitution's Direct Tax Clause and the Apportionment Clause. These clauses create a major hurdle for any national wealth tax plan. Teachers Union Political Activity Reporting Investigations American Federation of Teachers, IRS Administrative Complaint II In response to Landmark's initial IRS complaint detailing millions of dollars in unreported political expenditures, AFT stated that it conducted its political activities entirely through its 527 organization, AFT Solidarity. Landmark investigated the tax filings of AFT Solidarity and the Department of Labor filings of AFT. We again identified millions of dollars in apparently unreported political expenditures omitted from AFT's Department of Labor LM-2 reports. These findings prompted Landmark to supplement its original complaint documenting several million dollars in unreported political expenditures by AFT. Freedom of Information Act Requests: 1. Customs and Border Protection (CBP): On September 27, 2023. Landmark requested records related to US Customs and Border Protection's use of the CBP One program for processing asylum seekers. Landmark requested records related to the rate of use of CBP One among asylum seekers entering the United States. CBP awarded Landmark a fee waiver but denied expedited processing. The records production is pending. 2. Department of Homeland Security: On September 27, 2023, Landmark requested communication records between Randi Weingarten, Miriam Feldblum, and Antonio Flores of the Homeland Security Academic Partnership Council (HSAPC) and the Department of Homeland Security between May 1, 2023, and September 6, 2023. Landmark requested communications records between these individuals, which Landmark considered to be unqualified appointees, related to the HSAPC meeting on September 6, 2023. DHS awarded Landmark a fee waiver but denied expedited processing. An appeal for this denial and the production of records is pending. 3. Department of State: On December 14, 2023. Landmark requested communication records between the Department, Barack Obama, and staff members of the Office of Barack and Michelle Obama, as well as the Obama Foundation. Landmark sought records which might show that Barack Obama had influenced the direction and development of State Department policy. The State Department has made no substantive decision on Landmark's request for a fee waiver and expedited processing. Landmark is now considering potential legal action against the Department for this lack of a timely response. Regulatory Comments: 1. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHSTA): On October 12, 2023, Landmark submitted a comment to the NHSTA in response to proposed Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards. Landmark argued the proposed rule should be revoked for three reasons: 1) the proposed rule used standards created by an entity with no authority to do so; 2) the proposed rule would have significant negative economic impacts for consumers, and; 3) the proposed rule sought to pick winners and losers in the economy. Landmark first argued that the proposed CAFE standards relied on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases (SC-GHGs) metric, which was created by the Interagency Working Group outside the Administrative Procedure Act. This made any proposed rules which used such a metric unlawful, as the creation and implementation of the metric was unlawful. Landmark then discussed the economic impact on consumers of the regulations, which would cause billions of dollars in net costs for passenger cars. Landmark also noted that the estimated benefits of the regulation for passenger cars were no doubt inflated, as NHSTA ignored the opportunity costs of making cars more fuel efficient, such as less trunk space or smaller towing capacity. Finally, Landmark noted that the rule would pick winners and losers in the economy, punishing companies that cannot make a swift move to electric car production with billions of dollars in penalties.
Form 990, Part III, Line 4a PROGRAM SERVICE DESCRIPTION - CONT'D	2. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC): On October 31, 2023, Landmark submitted a comment to the EEOC in response to proposed Harassment Guidelines for the workplace. The guidelines would have made discussion of abortion and contraception, and the failure to use the preferred gender pronouns of coworkers, harassment under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Landmark argued the proposed rule should be revised to strike these sections for two reasons: 1) the proposal would infringe upon the free speech of employees, and 2) the proposal would infringe upon the free exercise of religion of employees. Specifically, Landmark first argued that discussions of abortion and contraception cannot be considered sex-based harassment under relevant case law including Standridge v. Union Pac. R.R. Co. and Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic, and their inclusion in the proposal chilled speech in the workplace unlawfully. Landmark also argued that "misgendering" coworkers did not rise to the level of workplace harassment as laid out in Harris v Forklift Sys. Finally, Landmark argued the proposal would violate the free exercise of religion by preventing those with religious objections to abortion or contraception from voicing their religious beliefs at work. 3. Office of Professional Management (OPM): On November 15, 2023, Landmark submitted a comment to OPM on a proposed regulation (Upholding Civil Service Protections and Merit System Principles) that would make it nearly impossible to terminate employment for federal workers. Under the proposed rule, moving a federal employee from Competitive Service to Expected Service will not mean a revocation of previously accrued protections. This means any effort to terminate employment would have to follow a burdensome and time-consuming process that contributes to an ineffective and inefficient federal government. In addition, Landmark notes that OPM has no authority to promulgate such a burdensome and unreasonable rule. Fellowship and Internship Program Landmark expanded its college intern program established in 2022. Our first interns hailed from the University of Virginia, Brown University, and the University of Dallas. Landmark established the Gary L. McDowell Fellowship in 2023. The McDowell Fellowship is post-graduate program designed to prepare young conservatives for better success in law school. Landmark's training programs provide outstanding young conservatives with the opportunity to defend our nation's Rule of Law and hone their intellectual and professional skills. This program will simultaneously allow us to increase our research capacity to fight for the Constitution and educate a new generation of Conservative leaders.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 15a & 15B	ALL COMPENSATION DECISIONS FOR OFFICERS AND STAFF ARE MADE BY THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS IN CONSULTATION WITH THE PRESIDENT ANNUALLY. THE PRESIDENT DOES NOT PARTICIPATE IN SETTING HIS COMPENSATION, AND ONLY MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OTHER OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES. OFFICERS' COMPENSATION RECOMMENDATIONS ARE BASED ON AN ANALYSIS OF COMPENSATION REPORTED ON SIMILAR PUBLIC-INTEREST LAW FIRMS' ANNUAL FORM 990 TAX RETURNS. IN ADDITION, AN EMPLOYEE'S YEARS OF SERVICE, PERFORMANCE, AND THE ORGANIZATION'S FINANCIAL CONDITION ARE GIVEN CONSIDERATION. MODEST AD HOC PERFORMANCE BONUSES HAVE BEEN AWARDED FROM TIME TO TIME BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. (NO BONUS OR OTHER COMPENSATION LEVELS ARE EVER BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF MONEY RAISED BY THE ORGANIZATION.) LANDMARK PROVIDES FULL HEALTH AND DENTAL INSURANCE COVERAGE TO ALL FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES. THE FOUNDATION ALSO PROVIDES AN EMPLOYER-FUNDED PROFIT SHARING PLAN AT A LEVEL SET ANNUALLY BY THE FULL BOARD IN CONSULTATION WITH THE PRESIDENT. FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES ARE PROVIDED THE OPPORTUNITY TO PARTICIPATE IN AN EMPLOYEE-FUNDED 403B RETIREMENT ANNUITY PROGRAM. THERE ARE NOT ANY OTHER COMPENSATION PROGRAMS SUCH AS SECTION 457 DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS, CAR REIMBURSEMENT, HOUSING OR EXPENSE ACCOUNTS, CELLPHONES, ETC.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 11b Review of form 990 by governing body	AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTING FIRM PREPARES AND REVIEWS THE FORM 990. THE 990 IS THEN REVIEWED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S MANAGEMENT. ANY QUESTIONS OR CONCERNS THE ORGANIZATION'S MANAGEMENT HAVE ARE ADDRESSED AND ANY CORRECTIONS OR CLARIFICATIONS ARE MADE PRIOR TO FILING THE 990. A FINAL COPY OF THE 990 IS SENT TO THE BOARD PRIOR TO FILING.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c Conflict of interest policy	COPIES OF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY WERE GIVEN TO ALL STAFF AND BOARD MEMBERS. DISCLOSURES ARE MADE TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD. THE BOARD DECIDES WHETHER THE CONTEMPLATED TRANSACTIONS WILL BE ALLOWED OR NOT.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 19 Required documents available to the public	THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE NOT AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC.
Form 990, Part VII, Section A, Line 1a, Column (F)	UP TO 79% OF "OTHER COMPENSATION" REPRESENTS THE COST OF HEALTH INSURANCE PREMIUMS, WHICH HAVE MORE THAN DOUBLED SINCE PASSAGE OF THE PATIENT PROTECTION AND AFFORDABLE CARE ACT.
Form 990, Part VIII, Line 11d Other Miscellaneous Revenue	MISC REVENUE - Total Revenue: 176, Related or Exempt Function Revenue: , Unrelated Business Revenue: , Revenue Excluded from Tax Under Sections 512, 513, or 514: 176;

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990 or 990-EZ.

Cat. No. 51056K

Schedule O (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:	23017437
Software Version:	2023v5.1

1	Briefly describe the organization’s mission or most significant activities: THE LANDMARK LEGAL FOUNDATION IS A PUBLIC INTEREST LAW FIRM.
2	Check this box
3	Number of voting members of the governing body (Part VI, line 1a) ........	3	6
4	Number of independent voting members of the governing body (Part VI, line 1b) .....	4	4
5	Total number of individuals employed in calendar year 2023 (Part V, line 2a) ......	5	17
6	Total number of volunteers (estimate if necessary) .............	6	4
7a	Total unrelated business revenue from Part VIII, column (C), line 12 ........	7a	0
b	Net unrelated business taxable income from Form 990-T, Part I, line 11 .........	7b	0

		Prior Year	Current Year
8	Contributions and grants (Part VIII, line 1h) .........	7,792,446	3,383,266
9	Program service revenue (Part VIII, line 2g) .........	0	0
10	Investment income (Part VIII, column (A), lines 3, 4, and 7d ) ....	18,206	251,877
11	Other revenue (Part VIII, column (A), lines 5, 6d, 8c, 9c, 10c, and 11e)	178	176
12	Total revenue—add lines 8 through 11 (must equal Part VIII, column (A), line 12)	7,810,830	3,635,319
13	Grants and similar amounts paid (Part IX, column (A), lines 1–3 )...	0	0
14	Benefits paid to or for members (Part IX, column (A), line 4).....	0	0
15	Salaries, other compensation, employee benefits (Part IX, column (A), lines 5–10)	1,254,504	1,324,215
16a	Professional fundraising fees (Part IX, column (A), line 11e) .....	0	0
b	Total fundraising expenses (Part IX, column (D), line 25) 337,659
17	Other expenses (Part IX, column (A), lines 11a–11d, 11f–24e)....	430,558	417,416
18	Total expenses. Add lines 13–17 (must equal Part IX, column (A), line 25)	1,685,062	1,741,631
19	Revenue less expenses. Subtract line 18 from line 12.......	6,125,768	1,893,688
		Beginning of Current Year	End of Year
20	Total assets (Part X, line 16).............	11,588,936	13,620,535
21	Total liabilities (Part X, line 26).............	193,794	156,077
22	Net assets or fund balances. Subtract line 21 from line 20.....	11,395,142	13,464,458

Sign Here

	Signature of officer	Date

	Type or print name and title


4a	(Code: ) (Expenses $ 1,186,484 including grants of $ 0 ) (Revenue $ 0 )
	LANDMARK'S LEGAL PROGRAM FOCUS IS PRIMARILY THREE-FOLD: VOTER INTEGRITY; BORDER SECURITY; AND DEFENDING THE CONSTITUTION'S SEPARATION OF POWERS DOCTRINE. A FULL EXPLANATION OF OUR ACTIVITIES IS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE O.

4b	(Code: ) (Expenses $ including grants of $ ) (Revenue $ )












4c	(Code: ) (Expenses $ including grants of $ ) (Revenue $ )












4d	Other program services (Describe in Schedule O.)
	(Expenses $ including grants of $ ) (Revenue $ )
4e	Total program service expenses1,186,484

(A) Name and title	(B) Average hours per week (list any hours for related organizations below dotted line)	(C) Position (do not check more than one box, unless person is both an officer and a director/trustee)		(D) Reportable compensation from the organization (W-2/1099-MISC/1099-NEC)	(E) Reportable compensation from related organizations (W-2/1099-MISC/1099-NEC)	(F) Estimated amount of other compensation from the organization and related organizations
(A) Name and title
(1) EDWIN MEESE III DIRECTOR/SECOND VICE CHAIRMAN	1.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	0	0	0
(2) JOHN RICHARDSON DIRECTOR/FIRST VICE CHAIRMAN	1.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	0	0	0
(3) LAWRENCE DAVENPORT DIRECTOR/TREASURER	1.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	0	0	0
(4) MARK R LEVIN DIRECTOR/CHAIRMAN	30.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	35,000	0	33,016
(5) RICHARD P HUTCHISON DIRECTOR/PRESIDENT	40.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	275,625	0	68,165
(6) Steve Matthews Director/Secretary	1.0 ................. 0.0	X	X	0	0	0
(7) MATTHEW C FORYS Executive Vice President	40.0 ................. 0.0		X	188,750	0	61,501
(8) MICHAEL J O'NEILL Vice President for Legal Programming	40.0 ................. 0.0		X	188,750	0	60,811

1b	Sub-Total..............
c	Total from continuation sheets to Part VII, Section A..
d	Total (add lines 1b and 1c).........	688,125	0	223,493

(A) Name and business address	(B) Description of services	(C) Compensation





2 Total number of independent contractors (including but not limited to those listed above) who received more than $100,000 of compensation from the organization 0

1a	Federated campaigns..		1a
b	Membership dues..		1b
c	Fundraising events..		1c
d	Related organizations		1d
e	Government grants (contributions)		1e

f	All other contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts not included above		1f	3,383,266

g	Noncash contributions included in lines 1a - 1f:$		1g	14,550

h Total. Add lines 1a-1f.......		3,383,266

		Business Code
2a
b
c
d
e
f	All other program service revenue.		0	0	0	0
g	Total. Add lines 2a–2f .....		0

3 Investment income (including dividends, interest, and othersimilar amounts) ......			492,523			492,523
4 Income from investment of tax-exempt bond proceeds
5 Royalties...........
			(i) Real	(ii) Personal
6a	Gross rents	6a
b	Less: rental expenses	6b
c	Rental income or (loss)	6c	0	0
d	Net rental income or (loss).......
			(i) Securities	(ii) Other
7a	Gross amount from sales of assets other than inventory	7a	305,354
b	Less: cost or other basis and sales expenses	7b	546,000
c	Gain or (loss)	7c	-240,646	0
d	Net gain or (loss).........			-240,646			-240,646
8a	Gross income from fundraising events (not including $ of contributions reported on line 1c). See Part IV, line 18 ....
			8a
b	Less: direct expenses ...		8b
c	Net income or (loss) from fundraising events..
9a	Gross income from gaming activities. See Part IV, line 19 ...
			9a
b	Less: direct expenses ...		9b
c	Net income or (loss) from gaming activities..
10a	Gross sales of inventory, less returns and allowances ..
			10a
b	Less: cost of goods sold ..		10b
c	Net income or (loss) from sales of inventory..

Business Code
11a
b
c
d	All other revenue ....			176	0	0	176
e	Total. Add lines 11a–11d ......			176
12	Total revenue. See instructions.....			3,635,319	0	0	252,053

1	Grants and other assistance to domestic organizations and domestic governments. See Part IV, line 21 ....
2	Grants and other assistance to domestic individuals. See Part IV, line 22 ...........
3	Grants and other assistance to foreign organizations, foreign governments, and foreign individuals. See Part IV, lines 15 and 16. .............
4	Benefits paid to or for members .......	0	0
5	Compensation of current officers, directors, trustees, and key employees ...........	911,619	650,269	107,524	153,826
6	Compensation not included above, to disqualified persons (as defined under section 4958(f)(1)) and persons described in section 4958(c)(3)(B) .........	37,306	30,557	2,596	4,153
7	Other salaries and wages........	192,020	78,161	43,019	70,840
8	Pension plan accruals and contributions (include section 401(k) and 403(b) employer contributions) ....	64,216	39,172	9,632	15,412
9	Other employee benefits .......	56,684	34,578	8,502	13,604
10	Payroll taxes ...........	62,370	42,412	8,108	11,850
11	Fees for services (non-employees):
a	Management ......
b	Legal .........	19,617	19,617
c	Accounting ...........	36,540	36,540
d	Lobbying ...........
e	Professional fundraising services. See Part IV, line 17
f	Investment management fees ......
g	Other (If line 11g amount exceeds 10% of line 25, column (A) amount, list line 11g expenses on Schedule O)	7,414	2,446	2,521	2,447
12	Advertising and promotion ....
13	Office expenses .......	18,796	4,521	4,611	9,664
14	Information technology ......	32,770	22,284	4,260	6,226
15	Royalties ..
16	Occupancy ...........	60,581	48,465	3,029	9,087
17	Travel ............	33,740	15,183	10,122	8,435
18	Payments of travel or entertainment expenses for any federal, state, or local public officials .
19	Conferences, conventions, and meetings ....
20	Interest ...........
21	Payments to affiliates .......
22	Depreciation, depletion, and amortization ..	25,339	17,231	3,294	4,814
23	Insurance ...	11,436	7,776	1,487	2,173
24	Other expenses. Itemize expenses not covered above (List miscellaneous expenses in line 24e. If line 24e amount exceeds 10% of line 25, column (A) amount, list line 24e expenses on Schedule O.)
a	DEVELOPMENT	127,098	93,666	8,589	24,843
b	DUES & EDUCATION	25,855	25,855	0	0
c	BAD DEBT EXPENSE	16,733	16,733	0	0
d	ALL OTHER EXPENSES	1,497	1,018	194	285
e	All other expenses	0	0	0	0
25	Total functional expenses. Add lines 1 through 24e	1,741,631	1,186,484	217,488	337,659
26	Joint costs. Complete this line only if the organization reported in column (B) joint costs from a combined educational campaign and fundraising solicitation. Check here if following SOP 98-2 (ASC 958-720).

1	Cash–non-interest-bearing ........			648,792	1	386,677
2	Savings and temporary cash investments .........			4,648,186	2	7,363,786
3	Pledges and grants receivable, net ......			1,413,809	3	14,504
4	Accounts receivable, net .............				4
5	Loans and other receivables from any current or former officer, director, trustee, key employee, creator or founder, substantial contributor, or 35% controlled entity or family member of any of these persons .......
				0	5	0
6	Loans and other receivables from other disqualified persons (as defined under section 4958(f)(1)), and persons described in section 4958(c)(3)(B) ...
				0	6	0
7	Notes and loans receivable, net ...........				7
8	Inventories for sale or use ............				8
9	Prepaid expenses and deferred charges ......				9
10a	Land, buildings, and equipment: cost or other basis. Complete Part VI of Schedule D	10a	856,748
b	Less: accumulated depreciation	10b	579,178	302,910	10c	277,570
11	Investments—publicly traded securities .			4,338,984	11	5,368,328
12	Investments—other securities. See Part IV, line 11 .....			0	12
13	Investments—program-related. See Part IV, line 11 ..			0	13
14	Intangible assets ...............				14
15	Other assets. See Part IV, line 11 ...........			236,255	15	209,670
16	Total assets. Add lines 1 through 15 (must equal line 33)...			11,588,936	16	13,620,535

17	Accounts payable and accrued expenses .....	97,834	17	86,221
18	Grants payable ...		18
19	Deferred revenue .........		19
20	Tax-exempt bond liabilities .........		20
21	Escrow or custodial account liability. Complete Part IV of Schedule D		21
22	Loans and other payables to any current or former officer, director, trustee, key employee, creator or founder, substantial contributor, or 35% controlled entity or family member of any of these persons .........
		0	22	0
23	Secured mortgages and notes payable to unrelated third parties ..		23
24	Unsecured notes and loans payable to unrelated third parties ..		24
25	Other liabilities (including federal income tax, payables to related third parties, and other liabilities not included on lines 17 - 24). Complete Part X of Schedule D	95,960	25	69,856
26	Total liabilities. Add lines 17 through 25..	193,794	26	156,077

	Organizations that follow FASB ASC 958, check here and complete lines 27, 28, 32, and 33.
27	Net assets without donor restrictions ..........	11,395,142	27	13,464,458
28	Net assets with donor restrictions ...........		28
	Organizations that do not follow FASB ASC 958, check here and complete lines 29 through 33.
29	Capital stock or trust principal, or current funds .....		29
30	Paid-in or capital surplus, or land, building or equipment fund ...		30
31	Retained earnings, endowment, accumulated income, or other funds		31
32	Total net assets or fund balances ...........	11,395,142	32	13,464,458
33	Total liabilities and net assets/fund balances ........	11,588,936	33	13,620,535