TY 2023 Form 990

(A) Name and title	(B) Average hours per week (list any hours for related organizations below dotted line)	(C) Position (do not check more than one box, unless person is both an officer and a director/trustee)	(E) Reportable compensation from related organizations (W-2/1099-MISC/1099-NEC)
(1) BETH GALETTI MBA...................................................................... CHAIR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X	X	0	0	0
(2) FREDERICK WERE MD MMED PHD...................................................................... VICE CHAIR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X	X	0	0	0
(3) SANFORD MELZER MD MBA...................................................................... SECRETARY	2.00 ................. 0.00	X	X	0	0	0
(4) BRUCE MCNAMER JD MBA...................................................................... TREASURER	2.00 ................. 0.00	X	X	0	0	0
(5) YEHONG ZHANG PHD MBA...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(6) CAROLE FAIG...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(7) JOHN-ARNE ROTTINGEN MD PHD...................................................................... MSC, MPA--DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(8) JOEL HOLSINGER...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(9) HELENA WAYTH MSC...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(10) ABAYOMI SULE MBBS MBA...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(11) LISA ANDERSON PMP...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(12) RACHEL SIBANDE MSC...................................................................... DIRECTOR (RESIGNED 6/22/23)	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(13) SYLVANA SINHA ESQ...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(14) LUTZ HEGEMANN MD PHD...................................................................... DIRECTOR	2.00 ................. 0.00	X		0	0	0
(15) NIKOLAJ JESTED GILBERT MSC...................................................................... PRESIDENT AND CEO	39.00 ................. 1.00		X	636,343	0	67,062
(16) BEN ALIWA MBA...................................................................... CHIEF OF BUSINESS & FINANCE OFFICER	39.00 ................. 1.00		X	0	239,285	22,048
(17) PHILIPPE GUINOT MBA...................................................................... CHIEF, BUS/FIN/OPS (UNTIL 1/6/23)	39.00 ................. 1.00		X	0	14,305	10

(A) Name and title	(B) Average hours per week (list any hours for related organizations below dotted line)	(F) Estimated amount of other compensation from the organization and related organizations
(18) JESSICA MILMAN MPH........................................................................ GBL. HEAD, CENTER FOR VAX INNOV. & ACCESS	40.00 .......................0.00	X		363,861	49,749
(19) KAMMERLE SCHNEIDER EBERLE MIA........................................................................ CHIEF PROGRAMS & INNOVATION OFFICER	40.00 .......................0.00	X		334,777	54,601
(20) MEISSA DIAW........................................................................ CHIEF PEOPLE & DIVERSITY OFFICER	40.00 .......................0.00	X		293,361	291
(21) HEATHER RAE IGNATIUS........................................................................ CHIEF OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS	40.00 .......................0.00	X		263,263	48,702
(22) SABRINA L POWERS JD........................................................................ CHIEF OF LEGAL & RESEARCH AFFAIRS/GC	40.00 .......................0.00	X		300,789	49,847
(23) NANTHALILE C MUGALA MD MMED........................................................................ CHIEF OF AFRICA REGION	40.00 .......................0.00	X		319,230	0
(24) NABEEL A GOHEER PHD........................................................................ CHIEF OF AFRICA	40.00 .......................0.00	X		286,531	2,190
(25) LAURIE WERNER MPA........................................................................ DIR., CENTER OF DIG. & DATA EXCELLENCE	40.00 .......................0.00	X		250,649	41,939
(26) TRAD M HATTON MA MHS........................................................................ DIR., CEN. AFRICA HUB & DRC COUNTRY PRO.	40.00 .......................0.00		X	341,251	57,509
(27) ASHLEY J BIRKETT PHD........................................................................ GLOBAL HEAD, MALARIA VACCINES	40.00 .......................0.00		X	354,453	66,489
(28) BRUCE LAMONT INNIS MD FIDSA........................................................................ GLOBAL HEAD, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS	40.00 .......................0.00		X	364,985	33,732
(29) KATYA SPIELBERG........................................................................ GBL. HEAD, INTEG. PORT. & FIN. MGMT.	40.00 .......................0.00		X	325,066	74,187
(30) KIMBERLY GREEN PHD........................................................................ DIRECTOR, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE	40.00 .......................0.00		X	546,693	88,813

(A) Name and business address	(B) Description of services	(C) Compensation
RANDSTAD INDIA PVT LTD SUITE NO 001 002 COPIA NEW DELHI 110025 IN	STAFFING SERVICES	2,596,739
GLOBALIZATION PARTNERS INC 175 FEDERAL ST 17TH FL BOSTON,MA02110	STAFFING SERVICES	1,293,002
WMBE PAYROLLING INC DBA TCWGLOBAL 9475 CHESAPEAKE DRIVE SAN DIEGO,CA92123	GENERAL CONTRACTOR	675,655
AVAAP USA LLC 1400 GOODALE BLVD SUITE 100 COLUMBUS,OH43212	CONSULTING	581,845
CWT INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED HIMALAYA HOUSE FIRST FLOOR J-1 NEW DELHI 110001 IN	TRAVEL SERVICES	538,268
2 Total number of independent contractors (including but not limited to those listed above) who received more than $100,000 of compensation from the organization 72

- TIN:

SCHEDULE A
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Public Charity Status and Public Support

Complete if the organization is a section 501(c)(3) organization or a section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust.
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Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
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Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public
Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

Reason for Public Charity Status (All organizations must complete this part.) See instructions.

The organization is not a private foundation because it is: (For lines 1 through 12, check only one box.)

A church, convention of churches, or association of churches described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(i).

A school described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii). (Attach Schedule E (Form 990).)

A hospital or a cooperative hospital service organization described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iii).

A medical research organization operated in conjunction with a hospital described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iii). Enter the hospital's name, city, and state:

An organization operated for the benefit of a college or university owned or operated by a governmental unit described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(iv). (Complete Part II.)

A federal, state, or local government or governmental unit described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(v).

An organization that normally receives a substantial part of its support from a governmental unit or from the general public described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). (Complete Part II.)

A community trust described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi). (Complete Part II.)

An agricultural research organization described in 170(b)(1)(A)(ix) operated in conjunction with a land-grant college or university or a non-land grant college of agriculture. See instructions. Enter the name, city, and state of the college or university:

An organization that normally receives: (1) more than 33 1/3% of its support from contributions, membership fees, and gross receipts from activities related to its exempt functions—subject to certain exceptions, and (2) no more than 33 1/3% of its support from gross investment income and unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 tax) from businesses acquired by the organization after June 30, 1975. See section 509(a)(2). (Complete Part III.)

An organization organized and operated exclusively to test for public safety. See section 509(a)(4).

An organization organized and operated exclusively for the benefit of, to perform the functions of, or to carry out the purposes of one or more publicly supported organizations described in section 509(a)(1) or section 509(a)(2). See section 509(a)(3). Check the box on lines 12a through 12d that describes the type of supporting organization and complete lines 12e, 12f, and 12g.

Type I. A supporting organization operated, supervised, or controlled by its supported organization(s), typically by giving the supported organization(s) the power to regularly appoint or elect a majority of the directors or trustees of the supporting organization. You must complete Part IV, Sections A and B.

Type II. A supporting organization supervised or controlled in connection with its supported organization(s), by having control or management of the supporting organization vested in the same persons that control or manage the supported organization(s). You must complete Part IV, Sections A and C.

Type III functionally integrated. A supporting organization operated in connection with, and functionally integrated with, its supported organization(s) (see instructions). You must complete Part IV, Sections A, D, and E.

Type III non-functionally integrated. A supporting organization operated in connection with its supported organization(s) that is not functionally integrated. The organization generally must satisfy a distribution requirement and an attentiveness requirement (see instructions). You must complete Part IV, Sections A and D, and Part V.

Check this box if the organization received a written determination from the IRS that it is a Type I, Type II, Type III functionally integrated, or Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organization.

Enter the number of supported organizations ...............................

Provide the following information about the supported organization(s).

(i) Name of supported organization	(ii) EIN	(iv) Is the organization listed in your governing document?		(v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions)	(vi) Amount of other support (see instructions)
(i) Name of supported organization	(ii) EIN	Yes	No	(v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions)	(vi) Amount of other support (see instructions)


Total

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for
Form 990 or 990-EZ.

Cat. No. 11285F

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part II

Support Schedule for Organizations Described in Sections 170(b)(1)(A)(iv) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi)
(Complete only if you checked the box on line 5, 7, or 8 of Part I or if the organization failed to qualify under Part III. If the organization failed to qualify under the tests listed below, please complete Part III.)

Section A. Public Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
1	Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grant.") ..	286,808,545	287,454,383	333,068,959	347,720,581	327,947,500	1,582,999,968
2	Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf ....
3	The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge..
4	Total. Add lines 1 through 3	286,808,545	287,454,383	333,068,959	347,720,581	327,947,500	1,582,999,968
5	The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f) ..						692,576,411
6	Public support. Subtract line 5 from line 4.						890,423,557

Section B. Total Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
7	Amounts from line 4..	286,808,545	287,454,383	333,068,959	347,720,581	327,947,500	1,582,999,968
8	Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources...	6,310,221	12,207,084	8,920,472	4,050,778	4,793,349	36,281,904
9	Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on..
10	Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.)..	836,870	1,030,112	843,270	869,980	1,344,719	4,924,951
11	Total support. Add lines 7 through 10						1,624,206,823

Gross receipts from related activities, etc. (see instructions) ..................

2,038

First 5 years. If the Form 990 is for the organization's first, second, third, fourth, or fifth tax year as a section 501(c)(3) organization, check this box and stop here ........................................ right arrow

Section C. Computation of Public Support Percentage

Public support percentage for 2023 (line 6, column (f) divided by line 11, column (f)) .........

54.820 %

Public support percentage for 2022 Schedule A, Part II, line 14 ...............

53.610 %

16a

33 1/3% support test—2023. If the organization did not check the box on line 13, and line 14 is 33 1/3% or more, check this box
and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ....................... right arrow

33 1/3% support test—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 13 or 16a, and line 15 is 33 1/3% or more, check this
box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ..................... right arrow

17a

10%-facts-and-circumstances test—2023. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, or 16b, and line 14 is 10% or more, and if the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test, check this box and stop here. Explain in Part VI how the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ............ right arrow

10%-facts-and-circumstances test—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, 16b, or 17a, and line 15 is 10% or more, and if the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test, check this box and stop here. Explain in Part VI how the organization meets the "facts-and-circumstances" test. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ............ right arrow

Private foundation. If the organization did not check a box on line 13, 16a, 16b, 17a, or 17b, check this box and see
instructions ..................................................... right arrow

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 3

Part III

Support Schedule for Organizations Described in Section 509(a)(2)
(Complete only if you checked the box on line 10 of Part I or if the organization failed to qualify under Part II. If the organization fails to qualify under the tests listed below, please complete Part II.)

Section A. Public Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
1	Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") .
2	Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose
3	Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513 .....
4	Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf...
5	The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge
6	Total. Add lines 1 through 5
7a	Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons
b	Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year.
c	Add lines 7a and 7b..
8	Public support. (Subtract line 7c from line 6.)

Section B. Total Support

Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)		(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) 2023	(f) Total
9	Amounts from line 6...
10a	Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources..
b	Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975.
c	Add lines 10a and 10b.
11	Net income from unrelated business activities not included on line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.
12	Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.) ..
13	Total support. (Add lines 9, 10c, 11, and 12.)..

First 5 years. If the Form 990 is for the organization's first, second, third, fourth, or fifth tax year as a section 501(c)(3) organization, check this box and stop here................................................. right arrow

Section C. Computation of Public Support Percentage

Public support percentage for 2023 (line 8, column (f) divided by line 13, column (f)) .........

Public support percentage from 2022 Schedule A, Part III, line 15 ...............

Section D. Computation of Investment Income Percentage

Investment income percentage for 2023 (line 10c, column (f) divided by line 13, column (f)) ......

Investment income percentage from 2022 Schedule A, Part III, line 17 .............

19a

33 1/3% support tests-2023. If the organization did not check the box on line 14, and line 15 is more than 33 1/3%, and line 17 is not more than 33 1/3%, check this box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ....... right arrow

33 1/3 % support tests—2022. If the organization did not check a box on line 14 or line 19a, and line 16 is more than 33 1/3% and line 18 is not more than 33 1/3%, check this box and stop here. The organization qualifies as a publicly supported organization ..... right arrow

Private foundation. If the organization did not check a box on line 14, 19a, or 19b, check this box and see instructions .... right arrow

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 4

Part IV

Supporting Organizations

(Complete only if you checked a box on line 12 of Part I. If you checked box 12a, of Part I, complete Sections A and B. If you checked box 12b, of Part I, complete Sections A and C. If you checked box 12c, of Part I, complete Sections A, D, and E. If you checked box12d, of Part I, complete Sections A and D, and complete Part V.)

Section A. All Supporting Organizations

Yes

Are all of the organization’s supported organizations listed by name in the organization’s governing documents?
If "No," describe in Part VI how the supported organizations are designated. If designated by class or purpose,
describe the designation. If historic and continuing relationship, explain.

Did the organization have any supported organization that does not have an IRS determination of status under section 509(a)(1) or (2)? If "Yes," explain in Part VI how the organization determined that the supported organization was described in section 509(a)(1) or (2).

Did the organization have a supported organization described in section 501(c)(4), (5), or (6)? If "Yes," answer lines 3b and 3c below.

Did the organization confirm that each supported organization qualified under section 501(c)(4), (5), or (6) and satisfied the public support tests under section 509(a)(2)? If "Yes," describe in Part VI when and how the organization made the determination.

Did the organization ensure that all support to such organizations was used exclusively for section 170(c)(2)(B) purposes? If "Yes," explain in Part VI what controls the organization put in place to ensure such use.

Was any supported organization not organized in the United States ("foreign supported organization")? If “Yes” and if you checked box 12a or 12b in Part I, answer lines 4b and 4c below.

Did the organization have ultimate control and discretion in deciding whether to make grants to the foreign supported organization? If “Yes,” describe in Part VI how the organization had such control and discretion despite being controlled or supervised by or in connection with its supported organizations.

Did the organization support any foreign supported organization that does not have an IRS determination under sections 501(c)(3) and 509(a)(1) or (2)? If “Yes,” explain in Part VI what controls the organization used to ensure that all support to the foreign supported organization was used exclusively for section 170(c)(2)(B) purposes.

Did the organization add, substitute, or remove any supported organizations during the tax year? If “Yes,” answer lines 5b and 5c below (if applicable). Also, provide detail in Part VI, including (i) the names and EIN numbers of the supported organizations added, substituted, or removed; (ii) the reasons for each such action; (iii) the authority under the organization's organizing document authorizing such action; and (iv) how the action was accomplished (such as by amendment to the organizing document).

Type I or Type II only. Was any added or substituted supported organization part of a class already designated in the organization's organizing document?

Substitutions only. Was the substitution the result of an event beyond the organization's control?

Did the organization provide support (whether in the form of grants or the provision of services or facilities) to anyone other than (i) its supported organizations, (ii) individuals that are part of the charitable class benefited by one or more of its supported organizations, or (iii) other supporting organizations that also support or benefit one or more of the filing organization’s supported organizations? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did the organization provide a grant, loan, compensation, or other similar payment to a substantial contributor (defined in section 4958(c)(3)(C)), a family member of a substantial contributor, or a 35% controlled entity with regard to a substantial contributor? If “Yes,” complete Part I of Schedule L (Form 990) .

Did the organization make a loan to a disqualified person (as defined in section 4958) not described on line 7? If “Yes,” complete Part I of Schedule L (Form 990).

Was the organization controlled directly or indirectly at any time during the tax year by one or more disqualified persons, as defined in section 4946 (other than foundation managers and organizations described in section 509(a)(1) or (2))? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did one or more disqualified persons (as defined on line 9a) hold a controlling interest in any entity in which the supporting organization had an interest? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

Did a disqualified person (as defined on line 9a) have an ownership interest in, or derive any personal benefit from, assets in which the supporting organization also had an interest? If “Yes,” provide detail in Part VI.

10a

Was the organization subject to the excess business holdings rules of section 4943 because of section 4943(f) (regarding certain Type II supporting organizations, and all Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organizations)? If “Yes,” answer line 10b below.

10a

Did the organization have any excess business holdings in the tax year? (Use Schedule C, Form 4720, to determine whether the organization had excess business holdings).

10b

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 5

Part IV

Supporting Organizations (continued)

Yes

Has the organization accepted a gift or contribution from any of the following persons?

A person who directly or indirectly controls, either alone or together with persons described on lines 11b and 11c below, the governing body of a supported organization?

11a

A family member of a person described on 11a above?

11b

A 35% controlled entity of a person described on line 11a or 11b above? If “Yes” to 11a, 11b, or 11c, provide detail in Part VI.

11c

Section B. Type I Supporting Organizations

Yes

Did the officers, directors, trustees, or membership of one or more supported organizations have the power to regularly appoint or elect at least a majority of the organization’s directors or trustees at all times during the tax year? If “No,” describe in Part VI how the supported organization(s) effectively operated, supervised, or controlled the organization’s activities. If the organization had more than one supported organization, describe how the powers to appoint and/or remove directors or trustees were allocated among the supported organizations and what conditions or restrictions, if any, applied to such powers during the tax year.

Did the organization operate for the benefit of any supported organization other than the supported organization(s) that operated, supervised, or controlled the supporting organization? If “Yes,” explain in Part VI how providing such benefit carried out the purposes of the supported organization(s) that operated, supervised or controlled the supporting organization.

Section C. Type II Supporting Organizations

Yes

Were a majority of the organization’s directors or trustees during the tax year also a majority of the directors or trustees of each of the organization’s supported organization(s)? If “No,” describe in Part VI how control or management of the supporting organization was vested in the same persons that controlled or managed the supported organization(s).

Section D. All Type III Supporting Organizations

Yes

Did the organization provide to each of its supported organizations, by the last day of the fifth month of the organization’s tax year, (i) a written notice describing the type and amount of support provided during the prior tax year, (ii) a copy of the Form 990 that was most recently filed as of the date of notification, and (iii) copies of the organization’s governing documents in effect on the date of notification, to the extent not previously provided?

Were any of the organization’s officers, directors, or trustees either (i) appointed or elected by the supported organization(s) or (ii) serving on the governing body of a supported organization? If "No," explain in Part VI how the organization maintained a close and continuous working relationship with the supported organization(s).

By reason of the relationship described in line 2 above, did the organization’s supported organizations have a significant voice in the organization’s investment policies and in directing the use of the organization’s income or assets at all times during the tax year? If "Yes," describe in Part VI the role the organization’s supported organizations played in this regard.

Section E. Type III Functionally-Integrated Supporting Organizations

Check the box next to the method that the organization used to satisfy the Integral Part Test during the year (see instructions):

The organization satisfied the Activities Test. Complete line 2 below.

The organization is the parent of each of its supported organizations. Complete line 3 below.

The organization supported a governmental entity. Describe in Part VI how you supported a government entity (see instructions)

Activities Test. Answer lines 2a and 2b below.

Yes

Did substantially all of the organization’s activities during the tax year directly further the exempt purposes of the supported organization(s) to which the organization was responsive? If "Yes," then in Part VI identify those supported organizations and explain how these activities directly furthered their exempt purposes, how the organization was responsive to those supported organizations, and how the organization determined that these activities constituted substantially all of its activities.

Did the activities described on line 2a, above constitute activities that, but for the organization’s involvement, one or more of the organization’s supported organization(s) would have been engaged in? If "Yes," explain in Part VI the reasons for the organization’s position that its supported organization(s) would have engaged in these activities but for the organization’s involvement.

Parent of Supported Organizations. Answer lines 3a and 3b below.

Did the organization have the power to regularly appoint or elect a majority of the officers, directors, or trustees of each of the supported organizations?If "Yes" or "No", provide details in Part VI.

Did the organization exercise a substantial degree of direction over the policies, programs and activities of each of its supported organizations? If "Yes," describe in Part VI. the role played by the organization in this regard.

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 6

Part V

Type III Non-Functionally Integrated 509(a)(3) Supporting Organizations

Check here if the organization satisfied the Integral Part Test as a qualifying trust on Nov. 20, 1970 (explain in Part VI). See instructions. All other Type III non-functionally integrated supporting organizations must complete Sections A through E.

	Section A - Adjusted Net Income		(A) Prior Year	(B) Current Year (optional)
1	Net short-term capital gain	1
2	Recoveries of prior-year distributions	2
3	Other gross income (see instructions)	3
4	Add lines 1 through 3	4
5	Depreciation and depletion	5
6	Portion of operating expenses paid or incurred for production or collection of gross income or for management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for production of income (see instructions)	6
7	Other expenses (see instructions)	7
8	Adjusted Net Income (subtract lines 5, 6 and 7 from line 4)	8

	Section B - Minimum Asset Amount		(A) Prior Year	(B) Current Year (optional)
1	Aggregate fair market value of all non-exempt-use assets (see instructions for short tax year or assets held for part of year):	1
a	Average monthly value of securities	1a
b	Average monthly cash balances	1b
c	Fair market value of other non-exempt-use assets	1c
d	Total (add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c)	1d
e	Discount claimed for blockage or other factors (explain in detail in Part VI):
2	Acquisition indebtedness applicable to non-exempt use assets	2
3	Subtract line 2 from line 1d	3
4	Cash deemed held for exempt use. Enter 0.015 of line 3 (for greater amount, see instructions).	4
5	Net value of non-exempt-use assets (subtract line 4 from line 3)	5
6	Multiply line 5 by 0.035	6
7	Recoveries of prior-year distributions	7
8	Minimum Asset Amount (add line 7 to line 6)	8

	Section C - Distributable Amount		Current Year
1	Adjusted net income for prior year (from Section A, line 8, Column A)	1
2	Enter 85% of line 1	2
3	Minimum asset amount for prior year (from Section B, line 8, Column A)	3
4	Enter greater of line 2 or line 3	4
5	Income tax imposed in prior year	5
6	Distributable Amount. Subtract line 5 from line 4, unless subject to emergency temporary reduction (see instructions)	6

Check here if the current year is the organization's first as a non-functionally-integrated Type III supporting organization (see instructions)

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 7

Part V

Type III Non-Functionally Integrated 509(a)(3) Supporting Organizations(continued)

Section D - Distributions		Current Year
1 Amounts paid to supported organizations to accomplish exempt purposes	1
2 Amounts paid to perform activity that directly furthers exempt purposes of supported organizations, in excess of income from activity	2
3 Administrative expenses paid to accomplish exempt purposes of supported organizations	3
4 Amounts paid to acquire exempt-use assets	4
5 Qualified set-aside amounts (prior IRS approval required - provide details in Part VI)	5
6 Other distributions (describe in Part VI). See instructions	6
7Total annual distributions. Add lines 1 through 6.	7
8 Distributions to attentive supported organizations to which the organization is responsive (provide details in Part VI). See instructions	8
9 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6	9
10 Line 8 amount divided by Line 9 amount	10

Section E - Distribution Allocations (see instructions)		(i) Excess Distributions	(ii) Underdistributions Pre-2023	(iii) Distributable Amount for 2023
1 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6
2 Underdistributions, if any, for years prior to 2023 (reasonable cause required-- explain in Part VI). See instructions.
3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2023:
a From 2018.......
b From 2019.......
c From 2020.......
d From 2021.......
e From 2022.......
fTotal of lines 3a through e
g Applied to underdistributions of prior years
h Applied to 2023 distributable amount
i Carryover from 2018 not applied (see instructions)
j Remainder. Subtract lines 3g, 3h, and 3i from line 3f.
4Distributions for 2023 from Section D, line 7:
$
a Applied to underdistributions of prior years
b Applied to 2023 distributable amount
c Remainder. Subtract lines 4a and 4b from line 4.
5 Remaining underdistributions for years prior to 2023, if any. Subtract lines 3g and 4a from line 2. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions.
6 Remaining underdistributions for 2023. Subtract lines 3h and 4b from line 1. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions.
7 Excess distributions carryover to 2024. Add lines 3j and 4c.
8 Breakdown of line 7:
a Excess from 2019.....
b Excess from 2020.....
c Excess from 2021.....
d Excess from 2022.....
e Excess from 2023.....

Schedule A (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Page 8

Part VI

Supplemental Information. Provide the explanations required by Part II, line 10; Part II, line 17a or 17b; Part III, line 12; Part IV, Section A, lines 1, 2, 3b, 3c, 4b, 4c, 5a, 6, 9a, 9b, 9c, 11a, 11b, and 11c; Part IV, Section B, lines 1 and 2; Part IV, Section C, line 1; Part IV, Section D, lines 2 and 3; Part IV, Section E, lines 1c, 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b; Part V, line 1; Part V, Section B, line 1e; Part V Section D, lines 5, 6, and 8; and Part V, Section E, lines 2, 5, and 6. Also complete this part for any additional information. (See instructions).

Facts And Circumstances Test

Return Reference	Explanation

Schedule A (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

Schedule B
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Schedule of Contributors

Attach to Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF.

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Organization type (check one):

Filers of:

Section:

Form 990 or 990-EZ

501(c)( ) (enter number) organization

4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust not treated as a private foundation

527 political organization

Form 990-PF

501(c)(3) exempt private foundation

4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust treated as a private foundation

501(c)(3) taxable private foundation

Check if your organization is covered by the General Rule or a Special Rule.
Note: Only a section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) organization can check boxes for both the General Rule and a Special Rule. See instructions.

General Rule

For an organization filing Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF that received, during the year, contributions totaling $5,000 or more (in money or other property) from any one contributor. Complete Parts I and II. See instructions for determining a contributor's total contributions.

Special Rules

For an organization described in section 501(c)(3) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that met the 33¹/3% support test of the regulations
under sections 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi), that checked Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ), Part II, line 13, 16a, or 16b, and that received from any one contributor, during the year, total contributions of the greater of (1) $5,000 or (2) 2% of the amount on (i) Form 990, Part VIII, line 1h, or (ii) Form 990-EZ, line 1. Complete Parts I and II.

For an organization described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that received from any one contributor,
during the year, total contributions of more than $1,000 exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals. Complete Parts I, II, and III.

For an organization described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) filing Form 990 or 990-EZ that received from any one contributor,
during the year, contributions exclusively for religious, charitable, etc., purposes, but no such contributions totaled more than $1,000. If this box is checked, enter here the total contributions that were received during the year for an exclusively religious, charitable, etc., purpose. Don't complete any of the parts unless the General Rule applies to this organization because it received nonexclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions totaling $5,000 or more during the year ......... Arrow Bullet

Caution: An organization that isn't covered by the General Rule and/or the Special Rules doesn't file Schedule B (Form 990,
990-EZ, or 990-PF), but it must answer “No” on Part IV, line 2, of its Form 990; or check the box on line H of its Form 990-EZ
or on its Form 990PF, Part I, line 2, to certify that it doesn't meet the filing requirements of Schedule B (Form 990,
990-EZ, or 990-PF).

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions
for Form 990, 990-EZ, or 990-PF.

Cat. No. 30613XSchedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023) Page 2

Name of organization PATH

Part I Contributors	Contributors (see instructions). Use duplicate copies of Part I if additional space is needed.
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
RESTRICTED	,	$ RESTRICTED	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
(a) No.	(b) Name, address, and ZIP + 4	(c) Total contributions	(d) Type of contribution
		$	Person Payroll Noncash (Complete Part II for noncash contributions.)
Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Page 3

Name of organization PATH		Employer identification number 91-1157127

Part II	Noncash Property (see instructions). Use duplicate copies of Part II if additional space is needed.
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
(a) No. from Part I	(b) Description of noncash property given	(c) FMV (or estimate) (See instructions)	(d) Date received
		$
Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Page 4


Name of organization PATH			Employer identification number 91-1157127
Part III Exclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions to organizations described in section 501(c)(7), (8), or (10) that total more than $1,000 for the year from any one contributor. Complete columns (a) through (e) and the following line entry. For organizations completing Part III, enter the total of exclusively religious, charitable, etc., contributions of $1,000 or less for the year. (Enter this information once. See instructions.) $ Use duplicate copies of Part III if additional space is needed.

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

(a)
No. from Part I

(b) Purpose of gift

(d) Description of how gift is held

(e) Transfer of gift
Transferee's name, address, and ZIP 4	Relationship of transferor to transferee

Schedule B (Form 990) (2023)

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

SCHEDULE C
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Political Campaign and Lobbying Activities

For Organizations Exempt From Income Tax Under section 501(c) and section 527

right arrow

Complete if the organization is described below. right arrow

Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
right arrow

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2022

Open to Public
Inspection

If the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, Line 3, or Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 46 (Political Campaign Activities), then
Round Bullet

Section 501(c)(3) organizations: Complete Parts I-A and B. Do not complete Part I-C.
Round Bullet

Section 501(c) (other than section 501(c)(3)) organizations: Complete Parts I-A and C below. Do not complete Part I-B.
Round Bullet

Section 527 organizations: Complete Part I-A only.
If the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, Line 4, or Form 990-EZ, Part VI, line 47 (Lobbying Activities), then
Round Bullet

Section 501(c)(3) organizations that have filed Form 5768 (election under section 501(h)): Complete Part II-A. Do not complete Part II-B.
Round Bullet

Section 501(c)(3) organizations that have NOT filed Form 5768 (election under section 501(h)): Complete Part II-B. Do not complete Part II-A.
If the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, Line 5 (Proxy Tax) (see separate instructions) or Form 990-EZ, Part V, line 35c (Proxy Tax) (see separate instructions), then
Round Bullet

Section 501(c)(4), (5), or (6) organizations: Complete Part III.

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I-A

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c) or is a section 527 organization.

Provide a description of the organization’s direct and indirect political campaign activities in Part IV. See instructions for definition of “political campaign activities."

Political campaign activity expenditures. See instructions .................................................................... right arrow

Volunteer hours for political campaign activities. See instructions ..................................................................

Part I-B

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c)(3).

Enter the amount of any excise tax incurred by the organization under section 4955 ................................ right arrow

Enter the amount of any excise tax incurred by organization managers under section 4955 ....................... right arrow

If the organization incurred a section 4955 tax, did it file Form 4720 for this year? .........................................

Yes No

Was a correction made? ......................................................................................................................

Yes No

If "Yes," describe in Part IV.

Part I-C

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c), except section 501(c)(3).

Enter the amount directly expended by the filing organization for section 527 exempt function activities ..... right arrow

Enter the amount of the filing organization's funds contributed to other organizations for section 527 exempt function activities ............................................................................................................................ right arrow

Total exempt function expenditures. Add lines 1 and 2. Enter here and on Form 1120-POL, line 17b........... right arrow

Did the filing organization file Form 1120-POL for this year? ...................................................................

Yes No

Enter the names, addresses and employer identification number (EIN) of all section 527 political organizations to which the filing
organization made payments. For each organization listed, enter the amount paid from the filing organization’s funds. Also enter the amount of political contributions received that were promptly and directly delivered to a separate political organization, such as a separate segregated fund or a political action committee (PAC). If additional space is needed, provide information in Part IV.

(a) Name	(b) Address	(c) EIN	(d) Amount paid from filing organization's funds. If none, enter -0-.	(e) Amount of political contributions received and promptly and directly delivered to a separate political organization. If none, enter -0-.
1
2
3
4
5
6

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 50084S

Schedule C (Form 990) 2022

Page 2

Part II-A

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c)(3) and filed Form 5768 (election under section 501(h)).

A Check right arrow

if the filing organization belongs to an affiliated group (and list in Part IV each affiliated group member's name, address, EIN, expenses, and share of excess lobbying expenditures).
B Check right arrow

if the filing organization checked box A and "limited control" provisions apply.

Limits on Lobbying Expenditures (The term "expenditures" means amounts paid or incurred.)		(a) Filing organization's totals	(b) Affiliated group totals
1a	Total lobbying expenditures to influence public opinion (grass roots lobbying) ......................	1,184
b	Total lobbying expenditures to influence a legislative body (direct lobbying) ........................	128,389
c	Total lobbying expenditures (add lines 1a and 1b) ............................................................	129,573
d	Other exempt purpose expenditures ...............................................................................	338,154,669
e	Total exempt purpose expenditures (add lines 1c and 1d) ..................................................	338,284,242
f	Lobbying nontaxable amount. Enter the amount from the following table in both columns.	1,000,000
	If the amount on line 1e, column (a) or (b) is:The lobbying nontaxable amount is:
	Not over $500,00020% of the amount on line 1e.
	Over $500,000 but not over $1,000,000$100,000 plus 15% of the excess over $500,000.
	Over $1,000,000 but not over $1,500,000$175,000 plus 10% of the excess over $1,000,000.
	Over $1,500,000 but not over $17,000,000$225,000 plus 5% of the excess over $1,500,000.
	Over $17,000,000$1,000,000.

g	Grassroots nontaxable amount (enter 25% of line 1f) .................................................	250,000
h	Subtract line 1g from line 1a. If zero or less, enter -0-. ................................................	0
i	Subtract line 1f from line 1c. If zero or less, enter -0-. ................................................	0
j	If there is an amount other than zero on either line 1h or line 1i, did the organization file Form 4720 reporting section 4911 tax for this year? ...................................................................................................................		Yes No

4-Year Averaging Period Under Section 501(h) (Some organizations that made a section 501(h) election do not have to complete all of the five columns below. See the separate instructions for lines 2a through 2f.)
Lobbying Expenditures During 4-Year Averaging Period
	Calendar year (or fiscal year beginning in)	(a) 2019	(b) 2020	(c) 2021	(d) 2022	(e) Total

2a	Lobbying nontaxable amount	1,000,000	1,000,000	1,000,000	1,000,000	4,000,000

b	Lobbying ceiling amount (150% of line 2a, column(e))					6,000,000

c	Total lobbying expenditures	135,193	207,166	198,070	129,573	670,002

d	Grassroots nontaxable amount	250,000	250,000	250,000	250,000	1,000,000

e	Grassroots ceiling amount (150% of line 2d, column (e))					1,500,000

f	Grassroots lobbying expenditures	405	29,340		1,184	30,929

Schedule C (Form 990) 2022

Page 3

Part II-B

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c)(3) and has NOT filed Form 5768 (election under section 501(h)).

For each "Yes" response on lines 1a through 1i below, provide in Part IV a detailed description of the lobbying activity.

(a)

Yes|No

(b)

Amount

During the year, did the filing organization attempt to influence foreign, national, state or local legislation, including any attempt to influence public opinion on a legislative matter or referendum, through the use of:

Volunteers? ...........................................................................................................

Paid staff or management (include compensation in expenses reported on lines 1c through 1i)? ........

Media advertisements? ...................................................................................................

Mailings to members, legislators, or the public? .............................................................................

Publications, or published or broadcast statements? ...........................................................

Grants to other organizations for lobbying purposes? ..........................................................

Direct contact with legislators, their staffs, government officials, or a legislative body? .......................

Rallies, demonstrations, seminars, conventions, speeches, lectures, or any similar means? ..................

Other activities? ...................................................................................................................

Total. Add lines 1c through 1i ....................................................................................................

Did the activities in line 1 cause the organization to be not described in section 501(c)(3)? .....

If "Yes," enter the amount of any tax incurred under section 4912 ...........................................

If "Yes," enter the amount of any tax incurred by organization managers under section 4912 ...................

If the filing organization incurred a section 4912 tax, did it file Form 4720 for this year? ........................

Part III-A

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c)(4), section 501(c)(5), or section 501(c)(6).

Yes

Were substantially all (90% or more) dues received nondeductible by members? ...............................................

Did the organization make only in-house lobbying expenditures of $2,000 or less? ............................................

Did the organization agree to carry over lobbying and political expenditures from the prior year? .................................

Part III-B

Complete if the organization is exempt under section 501(c)(4), section 501(c)(5), or section 501(c)(6) and if either (a) BOTH Part III-A, lines 1 and 2, are answered "No" OR (b) Part III-A, line 3, is answered “Yes."

Dues, assessments and similar amounts from members ......................................................................

Section 162(e) nondeductible lobbying and political expenditures (do not include amounts of political expenses for which the section 527(f) tax was paid).

Current year .............................................................................................................................

Carryover from last year ............................................................................................................

Total ...........................................................................................................................................

Aggregate amount reported in section 6033(e)(1)(A) notices of nondeductible section 162(e) dues .

If notices were sent and the amount on line 2c exceeds the amount on line 3, what portion of the excess does the organization agree to carryover to the reasonable estimate of nondeductible lobbying and political expenditure next year? ......................................................................................................................

Taxable amount of lobbying and political expenditures. See Instructions .........................................

Part IV

Supplemental Information

Provide the descriptions required for Part l-A, line 1; Part l-B, line 4; Part l-C, line 5; Part II-A (affiliated group list); Part II-A, lines 1 and 2 (see instructions), and Part ll-B, line 1. Also, complete this part for any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation

Schedule C (Form 990) 2022

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

SCHEDULE D
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Supplemental Financial Statements

Complete if the organization answered "Yes," on Form 990,
Part IV, line 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 12a, or 12b.
right arrow

Attach to Form 990.
right arrow

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2022

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

Organizations Maintaining Donor Advised Funds or Other Similar Funds or Accounts. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 6.

		(a) Donor advised funds	(b) Funds and other accounts
1	Total number at end of year .........
2	Aggregate value of contributions to (during year)
3	Aggregate value of grants from (during year)
4	Aggregate value at end of year ........

Did the organization inform all donors and donor advisors in writing that the assets held in donor advised funds are the organization’s property, subject to the organization’s exclusive legal control? ............

Yes No

Did the organization inform all grantees, donors, and donor advisors in writing that grant funds can be used only for charitable purposes and not for the benefit of the donor or donor advisor, or for any other purpose conferring impermissible private benefit? ...................................

Yes No

Part II

Conservation Easements.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 7.

Purpose(s) of conservation easements held by the organization (check all that apply).

Preservation of land for public use (e.g., recreation or education) Preservation of an historically important land area

Protection of natural habitat Preservation of a certified historic structure

Preservation of open space

Complete lines 2a through 2d if the organization held a qualified conservation contribution in the form of a conservation easement on the last day of the tax year.


a	Total number of conservation easements ......................	2a
b	Total acreage restricted by conservation easements ....................	2b
c	Number of conservation easements on a certified historic structure included in (a) .....	2c
d	Number of conservation easements included in (c) acquired after July 25, 2006, and not on a historic structure listed in the National Register ...	2d

Number of conservation easements modified, transferred, released, extinguished, or terminated by the organization during the
tax year right arrow

Number of states where property subject to conservation easement is located right arrow

Does the organization have a written policy regarding the periodic monitoring, inspection, handling of violations, and enforcement of the conservation easements it holds? ............

Yes No

Staff and volunteer hours devoted to monitoring, inspecting, handling of violations, and enforcing conservation easements during the year
right arrow

Amount of expenses incurred in monitoring, inspecting, handling of violations, and enforcing conservation easements during the year
right arrow

Does each conservation easement reported on line 2(d) above satisfy the requirements of section 170(h)(4)(B)(i) and section 170(h)(4)(B)(ii)? .............................

Yes No

In Part XIII, describe how the organization reports conservation easements in its revenue and expense statement, and
balance sheet, and include, if applicable, the text of the footnote to the organization’s financial statements that describes
the organization’s accounting for conservation easements.

Part III

Organizations Maintaining Collections of Art, Historical Treasures, or Other Similar Assets.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 8.

If the organization elected, as permitted under FASB ASC 958, not to report in its revenue statement and balance sheet works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets held for public exhibition, education, or research in furtherance of public service, provide, in Part XIII, the text of the footnote to its financial statements that describes these items.

If the organization elected, as permitted under FASB ASC 958, to report in its revenue statement and balance sheet works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets held for public exhibition, education, or research in furtherance of public service, provide the following amounts relating to these items:

(i)

Revenue included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 1 ......................... right arrow

(ii)

Assets included in Form 990, Part X ............................... right arrow

If the organization received or held works of art, historical treasures, or other similar assets for financial gain, provide the
following amounts required to be reported under FASB ASC 958 relating to these items:

Revenue included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 1 .......................... right arrow

Assets included in Form 990, Part X ............................... right arrow

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 52283D

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 2

Part III

Organizations Maintaining Collections of Art, Historical Treasures, or Other Similar Assets (continued)

Using the organization’s acquisition, accession, and other records, check any of the following that are a significant use of its collection items (check all that apply):

Public exhibition

Loan or exchange programs

Scholarly research

Other

Preservation for future generations

Provide a description of the organization’s collections and explain how they further the organization’s exempt purpose in
Part XIII.

During the year, did the organization solicit or receive donations of art, historical treasures or other similar
assets to be sold to raise funds rather than to be maintained as part of the organization’s collection?...

Yes No

Part IV

Escrow and Custodial Arrangements. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 9, or reported an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 21.

Is the organization an agent, trustee, custodian or other intermediary for contributions or other assets not
included on Form 990, Part X? ....................................

Yes No


b	If "Yes," explain the arrangement in Part XIII and complete the following table:		Amount
c	Beginning balance .............................	1c
d	Additions during the year ............................	1d
e	Distributions during the year ..........................	1e
f	Ending balance ................................	1f

Did the organization include an amount on Form 990, Part X, line 21, for escrow or custodial account liability? ...

Yes No

If "Yes," explain the arrangement in Part XIII. Check here if the explanation has been provided in Part XIII ....

Part V

Endowment Funds.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 10.

		(a) Current year	(b) Prior year	(c) Two years back	(d) Three years back	(e) Four years back

1a	Beginning of year balance ....	9,433,480	11,742,214	10,930,723	10,287,113	9,095,917
b	Contributions ...			2,500	2,745	2,100
c	Net investment earnings, gains, and losses	1,692,138	-1,762,177	1,323,367	1,095,576	1,691,617
d	Grants or scholarships ...
e	Other expenditures for facilities and programs ...	587,131	546,557	514,376	454,711	502,521
f	Administrative expenses ....
g	End of year balance ......	10,538,487	9,433,480	11,742,214	10,930,723	10,287,113

Provide the estimated percentage of the current year end balance (line 1g, column (a)) held as:

Board designated or quasi-endowment right arrow

36.000 %

Permanent endowment right arrow

32.000 %

Term endowment right arrow

32.000 %

The percentages on lines 2a, 2b, and 2c should equal 100%.

Are there endowment funds not in the possession of the organization that are held and administered for the
organization by:

Yes

(i) Unrelated organizations .................

3a(i)

(ii) Related organizations .................

3a(ii)

If "Yes" on 3a(ii), are the related organizations listed as required on Schedule R? .........

Describe in Part XIII the intended uses of the organization's endowment funds.

Part VI

Land, Buildings, and Equipment.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 11a. See Form 990, Part X, line 10.

Description of property		(a) Cost or other basis (investment)	(b) Cost or other basis (other)	(c) Accumulated depreciation	(d) Book value

1a	Land .....
b	Buildings ....
c	Leasehold improvements	22,631,131	19,443,868	3,187,263
d	Equipment ....	8,096,983	7,242,269	854,714
e	Other .....	8,214,709	5,404,817	2,809,892
Total. Add lines 1a through 1e. (Column (d) must equal Form 990, Part X, column (B), line 10(c).)..				6,851,869

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 3

Part VII

Investments - Other Securities.
Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 11b. See Form 990, Part X, line 12.

(a) Description of security or category (including name of security)	(b) Book value	(c) Method of valuation: Cost or end-of-year market value
(1) Financial derivatives.........
(2) Closely-held equity interests........
(3)Other
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)
(H)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col. (B) line 12.)

Part VIII

Investments - Program Related. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11c. See Form 990, Part X, line 13.

(a) Description of investment	(b) Book value	(c) Method of valuation: Cost or end-of-year market value

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 13.)

Part IX

Other Assets.
Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11d. See Form 990, Part X, line 15.

(a) Description				(b) Book value
(1)RIGHT-OF-USE ASSET				28,207,370
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 15.)...........				28,207,370

Part X

Other Liabilities.
Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 11e or 11f. See Form 990, Part X, line 25.

1.(a) Description of liability	(b) Book value
(1) Federal income taxes
LEASE LIABILITY	35,252,330








Total. (Column (b) must equal Form 990, Part X, col.(B) line 25.)	35,252,330
2. Liability for uncertain tax positions. In Part XIII, provide the text of the footnote to the organization's financial statements that reports the organization's liability for uncertain tax positions under FIN 48 (ASC 740). Check here if the text of the footnote has been provided in Part XIII

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Page 4

Part XI Reconciliation of Revenue per Audited Financial Statements With Revenue per Return. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 12a.
1	Total revenue, gains, and other support per audited financial statements .......		1
2	Amounts included on line 1 but not on Form 990, Part VIII, line 12:
a	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments ....	2a
b	Donated services and use of facilities .........	2b
c	Recoveries of prior year grants ...........	2c
d	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	2d
e	Add lines 2a through 2d .....................		2e
3	Subtract line 2e from line 1..................		3
4	Amounts included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 12, but not on line 1:
a	Investment expenses not included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 7b .	4a
b	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	4b
c	Add lines 4a and 4b....................		4c
5	Total revenue. Add lines 3 and 4c. (This must equal Form 990, Part I, line 12.) ......		5

Part XII Reconciliation of Expenses per Audited Financial Statements With Expenses per Return. Complete if the organization answered 'Yes' on Form 990, Part IV, line 12a.
1	Total expenses and losses per audited financial statements ...........		1
2	Amounts included on line 1 but not on Form 990, Part IX, line 25:
a	Donated services and use of facilities .........	2a
b	Prior year adjustments ............	2b
c	Other losses ................	2c
d	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	2d
e	Add lines 2a through 2d....................		2e
3	Subtract line 2e from line 1...................		3
4	Amounts included on Form 990, Part IX, line 25, but not on line 1:
a	Investment expenses not included on Form 990, Part VIII, line 7b ..	4a
b	Other (Describe in Part XIII.) ...........	4b
c	Add lines 4a and 4b.....................		4c
5	Total expenses. Add lines 3 and 4c. (This must equal Form 990, Part I, line 18.) ......		5

Part XIII

Supplemental Information

Provide the descriptions required for Part II, lines 3, 5, and 9; Part III, lines 1a and 4; Part lV, lines 1b and 2b; Part V, line 4; Part X, line 2; Part XI, lines 2d and 4b; and Part XII, lines 2d and 4b. Also complete this part to provide any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation
PART V, LINE 4:	PATH UTILIZES THE INVESTED INTEREST EARNINGS FROM THE ENDOWMENT AS AN IMPORTANT FUNDING SOURCE TO FUND NEW OPPORTUNITIES TO EXPAND ITS REACH AND IMPACT AS AN ORGANIZATION IN THE FIELD OF GLOBAL HEALTH, IN ACCORDANCE WITH PATH'S ENDOWMENT SPENDING POLICY.

Schedule D (Form 990) 2022

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

SCHEDULE F(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Statement of Activities Outside the United States

Complete if the organization answered "Yes" to Form 990, Part IV, line 14b, 15, or 16. Right arrow

Attach to Form 990. Right arrow

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization
PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

General Information on Activities Outside the United States. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 14b.

For grantmakers. Does the organization maintain records to substantiate the amount of its grants and

other assistance, the grantees’ eligibility for the grants or assistance, and the selection criteria used

to award the grants or assistance? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes

For grantmakers. Describe in Part V the organization’s procedures for monitoring the use of its grants and other assistance outside the United States.

Activites per Region. (The following Part I, line 3 table can be duplicated if additional space is needed.)

(a) Region		(b) Number of offices in the region	(c) Number of employees, agents, and independent contractors in the region	(d) Activities conducted in region (by type) (such as, fundraising, program services, investments, grants to recipients located in the region)	(e) If activity listed in (d) is a program service, describe specific type of service(s) in the region	(f) Total expenditures for and investments in the region
	CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	98,550
	CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	0	0	GRANTMAKING		859,867
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	6	133	PROGRAM SERVICES	AFRICA	8,131
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	7,903,461
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	BID & PROPOSAL	BID & PROPOSAL	67,181
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	598,610
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	FUNDRAISING	FUNDRAISING	5,000
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	2,509,930
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	OTHER	1,219
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	1,631,142
	EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	0	0	GRANTMAKING		6,671,868
	EUROPE	3	47	PROGRAM SERVICES	AFRICA	730
	EUROPE	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	542,525
	EUROPE	0	0	BID & PROPOSAL	BID & PROPOSAL	31,118
	EUROPE	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	7,168,522
	EUROPE	0	0	FUNDRAISING	FUNDRAISING	106,394
	EUROPE	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	1,657,002
	EUROPE	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	OTHER	12,610
	EUROPE	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	3,888,832
	EUROPE	0	0	GRANTMAKING		19,073,215
	MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AFRICA	6,000
	MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	38,527
	MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	38,040
	MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA	0	0	GRANTMAKING		219,998
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	1,830
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	480,155
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	FUNDRAISING	FUNDRAISING	14,376
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	82,463
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	OTHER	1,017
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	211,921
	NORTH AMERICA	0	0	GRANTMAKING		1,027,792
	RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	1	39	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	6,562,743
	RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	0	0	BID & PROPOSAL	BID & PROPOSAL	2,470
	RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	1,108,659
	RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	97,356
	RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	0	0	GRANTMAKING		1,339,333
	SOUTH AMERICA	1	5	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	500
	SOUTH AMERICA	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	147,662
	SOUTH AMERICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	791,046
	SOUTH AMERICA	0	0	GRANTMAKING		253,146
	SOUTH ASIA	5	251	PROGRAM SERVICES	AFRICA	20,314
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	11,983,467
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	BID & PROPOSAL	BID & PROPOSAL	237,995
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	2,085,503
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	4,178,583
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	OTHER	6,650
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	1,390,375
	SOUTH ASIA	0	0	GRANTMAKING		3,252,977
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	42	906	PROGRAM SERVICES	AFRICA	21,428,896
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	AMEE	31,017
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	BID & PROPOSAL	BID & PROPOSAL	239,601
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	4,167,999
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	FUNDRAISING	FUNDRAISING	1,411
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL	11,252,035
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	OTHER	1,096,629
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	PROGRAM SERVICES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	22,645,091
	SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	GRANTMAKING		19,023,766
3a	Sub-total ....	6	133			12,050,730
b	Total from continuation sheets to Part I ...	52	1,248			156,252,520
c	Totals (add lines 3a and 3b)	58	1,381			168,303,250

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.Cat. No. 50082W Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part II

Grants and Other Assistance to Organizations or Entities Outside the United States. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 15, for any recipient who received more than $5,000. Part II can be duplicated if additional space is needed.

(c) Region	(d) Purpose of grant	(e) Amount of cash grant	(f) Manner of cash disbursement
CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	326,087	CHECK/WIRE
CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	PROGRAM INNOVATION	50,000	CHECK/WIRE
CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	PROGRAM INNOVATION	269,700	CHECK/WIRE
CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	PROGRAM INNOVATION	130,000	CHECK/WIRE
CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	84,080	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	430,000	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	35,373	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	10,000	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	10,373	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	62,628	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	11,271	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	95,238	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	84,379	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	27,029	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	53,853	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	34,385	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	79,780	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	495,592	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	14,972	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	14,937	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	30,000	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	54,327	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	2,591,324	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	86,658	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	29,426	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	21,117	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION & ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	1,607,811	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	93,558	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	30,648	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	50,000	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	79,610	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	298,650	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	PROGRAM INNOVATION	7,330	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	22,955	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	97,254	CHECK/WIRE
EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC	AMEE	105,271	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	68,759	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	845,355	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	191,831	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	62,766	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	797,750	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	AFRICA	64,753	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	74,862	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION & ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	4,088,621	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	22,800	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	152,152	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	171,295	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	317,141	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	14,900	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	488,235	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	606,717	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	75,000	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	1,370,673	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	110,012	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	AMEE	144,000	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	52,016	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	870,000	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	1,375,740	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION & ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	17,114	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	628,666	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	306,218	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	AMEE	227,866	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	AFRICA	17,614	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	PROGRAM INNOVATION	41,000	CHECK/WIRE
EUROPE	AFRICA, AMEE, ESSENTIAL MEDICINE, OTHER, & PROGRAM INNOVATION	5,869,356	CHECK/WIRE
MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	100,050	CHECK/WIRE
MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	119,948	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	22,361	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	133,333	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	432,643	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	294,295	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	10,000	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	27,210	CHECK/WIRE
NORTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	107,950	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	8,241	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	140,647	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	93,766	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	9,397	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	15,736	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	28,419	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	12,790	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	433,083	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	55,110	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	39,238	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	18,982	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	PROGRAM INNOVATION	53,000	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	53,208	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	104,399	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	127,381	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	54,060	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	45,437	CHECK/WIRE
RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES	AMEE	46,438	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	78,130	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	37,143	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	8,447	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	35,000	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	49,103	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	20,000	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH AMERICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	23,142	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE & PROGRAM INNOVATION	175,570	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE, ESSENTIAL MEDICINE, & PROGRAM INNOVATION	32,728	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	138,491	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	194,140	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	60,000	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	100,016	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	6,088	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	1,275,497	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	213,677	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	105,566	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	59,543	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	490,486	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	53,960	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	70,051	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	54,272	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	8,862	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	203,970	CHECK/WIRE
SOUTH ASIA	AMEE	7,209	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	OTHER	19,044	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	171,641	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	33,654	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	18,108	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	10,000	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	30,484	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	68,778	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	25,889	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	30,426	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	49,814	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	14,064	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	100,524	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	55,650	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	48,224	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	28,717	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	218,452	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	132,758	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	478,477	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	268,922	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	10,464	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	15,174	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	12,198	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	245,855	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	44,735	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	OTHER	18,481	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	35,954	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	42,754	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA & PROGRAM INNOVATION	76,010	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	5,185	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	7,065	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	6,998	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	48,347	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	72,499	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	51,469	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA & PROGRAM INNOVATION	208,588	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	91,934	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	121,540	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	47,940	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	46,727	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA & PROGRAM INNOVATION	65,658	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	OTHER	59,972	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	35,791	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION	8,789	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	28,235	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	68,164	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	26,103	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	OTHER	22,849	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	25,850	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	82,068	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	833,623	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	62,547	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	1,145,308	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	214,889	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	331,737	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	112,240	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	118,146	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	21,468	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	9,251	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	146,354	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	500,000	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	9,261	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	9,860	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	152,117	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	40,471	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	978,697	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	OTHER	14,396	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	14,073	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	23,020	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	170,884	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	30,985	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	360,000	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	35,151	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	45,801	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	11,476	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	30,978	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	49,044	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	50,681	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	26,795	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	27,219	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	49,279	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	20,233	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	25,000	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	5,468	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	235,717	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	46,865	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	13,364	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	84,193	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE	15,342	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	296,976	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	63,062	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM INNOVATION	116,851	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	6,723	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION	263,177	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	30,454	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	29,961	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA	141,227	CHECK/WIRE
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	AFRICA, AMEE, ESSENTIAL MEDICINE, OTHER, & PROGRAM INNOVATION	8,495,931	CHECK/WIRE

2	Enter total number of recipient organizations listed above that are recognized as charities by the foreign country, recognized as tax-exempt by the IRS, or for which the grantee or counsel has provided a section 501(c)(3) equivalency letter .......	163
3	Enter total number of other organizations or entities .......................	52

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023Page 3

Part III

Grants and Other Assistance to Individuals Outside the United States. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 16.

Part III can be duplicated if additional space is needed.

(a) Type of grant or assistance		(b) Region	(c) Number of recipients	(d) Amount of cash grant	(e) Manner of cash disbursement	(f) Amount of noncash assistance	(g) Description of noncash assistance	(h) Method of valuation (book, FMV, appraisal, other)

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Page 4

Part IV

Foreign Forms

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Page 5

Part V

Supplemental Information
Provide the information required by Part I, line 2 (monitoring of funds); Part I, line 3, column (f) (accounting method; amounts of investments vs. expenditures per region); Part II, line 1 (accounting method); Part III (accounting method); and Part III, column (c) (estimated number of recipients), as applicable. Also complete this part to provide any additional information. See instructions.

ReturnReference	Explanation
PART I, LINE 2:	PATH HAS ROBUST POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND GUIDELINES, INCLUDING SUBRECIPIENT POLICY AND PROCEDURES, IN PLACE TO GUIDE THE WAY OUR PROJECT TEAMS MONITOR SUBRECIPIENTS. THIS INCLUDES BOTH FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL MONITORING. PATH USES RISK ASSESSMENTS, REPORTING (FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL), SITE VISITS, REGULAR CONTACT, ANNUAL AUDITS, AND OTHER MEANS TO PROVIDE THE MONITORING REQUIRED BY FUNDERS/DONORS AND TO ENSURE GOOD PROJECT STEWARDSHIP. THESE ACTIVITIES ALSO PROVIDE RESPONSIBLE ASSURANCE THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ADMINISTERS FUNDS IN COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND PRIME AWARD TERMS, AND THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ACHIEVES PERFORMANCE GOALS. PATH HAS ESTABLISHED COMPREHENSIVE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES TO PROMOTE BEST BUSINESS PRACTICES AND ENSURE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE INTERNAL CONTROL. THESE ARE COMBINED WITH AN INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION THROUGH WHICH PATH CONDUCTS AUDITS ON GRANT-FUNDED PROGRAMS TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATORY AND DONOR REQUIREMENTS. THE AUDIT IS CONDUCTED FOR THE COUNTRY PROGRAMS AND IS EXTENDED TO THE SUBRECIPIENTS.

Schedule F (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

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Schedule I
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Grants and Other Assistance to Organizations,
Governments and Individuals in the United States

Complete if the organization answered "Yes," on Form 990, Part IV, line 21 or 22.
lBullet

Attach to Form 990.
lBullet

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public
Inspection

Name of the organization
PATH

Employer identification number
91-1157127

Part I

General Information on Grants and Assistance

Does the organization maintain records to substantiate the amount of the grants or assistance, the grantees' eligibility for the grants or assistance, and
the selection criteria used to award the grants or assistance? ........................

Yes No

Describe in Part IV the organization's procedures for monitoring the use of grant funds in the United States.

Part II

Grants and Other Assistance to Domestic Organizations and Domestic Governments. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 21, for any recipient

that received more than $5,000. Part II can be duplicated if additional space is needed.

(a) Name and address of organization or government	(b) EIN	(c) IRC section (if applicable)	(d) Amount of cash grant	(h) Purpose of grant or assistance
(1) ABH PARTNERS LLC 1015 15TH ST NW SUITE 543K WASHINGTON,DC20005	85-2460113	OTHER	45,320	AFRICA
(2) AKROS INC PO BOX 457 LARAMIE,WY82073	26-3668995	OTHER	126,125	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(3) BUILD HEALTH INTERNATIONAL INC 100 CUMMINGS CENTER SUITE 120 B BEVERLY,MA01915	46-4300024	501(C)(3)	13,528	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(4) CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY 10900 EUCLID AVE CLEVELAND,OH441067037	34-1018992	501(C)(3)	24,210	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(5) CINCINNATI CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER 3333 BURNET AVE ML 6014 CINCINNATI,OH452293039	31-0833936	501(C)(3)	253,324	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(6) CLINTON HEALTH ACCESS INITIATIVE 383 DORCHESTER AVE SUITE 400 BOSTON,MA02127	27-1414646	501(C)(3)	768,014	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(7) COOPERSMITH 5302 VALBURN CIR AUSTIN,TX787311145	47-2387850	OTHER	50,090	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(8) DKT INTERNATIONAL INC 1001 CONNECTICUT AVE NW SUITE 800 WASHINGTON,DC20036	58-1593137	501(C)(3)	51,251	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(9) FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 5600 FISHERS LNHFA-140 RM 11-40 ROCKVILLE,MD20857	53-0196965	GOV	165,200	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(10) GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY 45155 RESEARCH PLACE 240N ASHBURN,VA201474191	53-0196584	501(C)(3)	10,518	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(11) GET ODK INC 3288 ADAMS AVE 16043 SAN DIEGO,CA92176	85-1074733	OTHER	6,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(12) GLOBAL CONNECT DEVELOPMENT GROUP LLC 56 WILLOW STREET 2 BOSTON,MA02132	82-3433604	OTHER	258,880	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(13) GLOBAL HEALTH CORPS 318 WEST 39TH STREET ROOM 9L NEW YORK,NY10018	80-0512336	501(C)(3)	10,500	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(14) GLOBAL HEALTH STRATEGIES LLC 27 WEST 24TH STREET SUITE 900 NEW YORK,NY10010	27-2494697	501(C)(3)	510,265	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(15) GUARALDI SYSTEMS LLC 97 ALGER BROOK RD SOUTH STAFFORD,VT05070	85-1148274	OTHER	152,811	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(16) HARVARD UNIVERSITY 1033 MASSACHUSETTS AVE 2ND FL BOSTON,MA02215	04-2103580	501(C)(3)	421,441	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION
(17) HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE INC 6720A ROCKLEDGE DR STE 100 BETHESDA,MD20817	52-1317896	501(C)(3)	66,010	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(18) HISP US LLC 31 ANCONA AVE OCEAN PARK,ME040637308	85-0894858	OTHER	187,654	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(19) ICF MACRO INC 1902 RESTON METRO PLAZA RESTON,VA21090	52-0955232	OTHER	3,057,961	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(20) INDIANA UNIVERSITY 107 S INDIANA AVE BLOOMINGTON,IN474057000	35-6001673	GOV	207,441	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(21) INTRAHEALTH INTERNATIONAL INC 6340 QUADRANGLE DRIVE SUITE 200 CHAPEL HILL,NC27517	55-0825466	501(C)(3)	217,336	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(22) IPAS PO BOX 9990 CHAPEL HILL,NC27515	56-1071085	501(C)(3)	100,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(23) JHPIEGO 1615 THAMES STREET SUITE 200 BALTIMORE,MD212313447	23-7424444	501(C)(3)	1,006,648	AFRICA, AMEE, & PROGRAM INNOVATION
(24) JSI RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE INC 44 FARNSWORTH STREET BOSTON,MA02210	04-2679824	501(C)(3)	740,338	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(25) LINKSBRIDGE SPC 101 TAYLOR AVE N 105 SEATTLE,WA98109	26-3067893	501(C)(3)	48,277	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(26) MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL DEPT OF EM MED ZERO EMERSON PL 104 BOSTON,MA02114	04-1564655	501(C)(3)	89,449	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(27) MEDIC MOBILE INC 3254 19TH STREET FLOOR 2 SAN FRANCISCO,CA94110	27-5104203	501(C)(3)	643,346	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(28) MICRON BIOMEDICAL INC 311 FERST DRIVE NW SUITE L1309 ATLANTA,GA303320390	47-1692844	OTHER	95,080	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(29) NATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR THE CDC 600 PEACHTREE ST NE SUITE 1000 ATLANTA,GA30308	58-2106707	501(C)(3)	151,025	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(30) ONA SYSTEMS INC 126 E 12TH ST SUITE 4A NEW YORK,NY100035320	38-3940780	OTHER	294,600	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(31) OPEN DEVELOPMENT LLC 400 G ST NE WASHINGTON,DC20002	47-2659640	OTHER	134,748	AFRICA
(32) OPEN FUNCTION GROUP INC 66 EUCLID AVE HASTINGS ON HUDSON,NY10706	92-3992725	OTHER	10,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(33) OPENMRS INC 10425 COMMERCE DR STE 110 CARMEL,IN460327643	45-5316647	501(C)(3)	730,135	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(34) PHARMARON CPC INC 800 W BALTIMORE STREET 5TH FLOOR BALTIMORE,MD21201	43-2065612	OTHER	14,626	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(35) POPULATION SERVICES INTERNATIONAL INC 1120 19TH ST NW STE 600 WASHINGTON,DC20036	56-0942853	501(C)(3)	1,174,593	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(36) PROMINEX INC 6181 CORNERSTONE COURT E STE 106 SAN DIEGO,CA92121	82-3746153	OTHER	15,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(37) REGENSTRIEF INSTITUTE INC 1101 WEST TENTH STREET INDIANAPOLIS,IN46202	30-0007730	501(C)(3)	1,293,753	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(38) SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENTREPRENEURS INC (SEE) 23564 CALABASAS ROAD SUITE 201 CALABASAS,CA91302	95-4116679	501(C)(3)	51,037	AMEE
(39) SYSTEMONE LLC 5 BRIDGE STREET SHELBURNE FALLS,MA01370	46-1066795	OTHER	34,852	AMEE
(40) TECHCHANGE INC 1226 9TH ST NW SUITE 200 WASHINGTON,DC20006	27-3358772	OTHER	546,677	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(41) THE ALBERT B SABIN VACCINE INSTITUTE INC 2175 K STREET NW SUITE 400 WASHINGTON,DC20037	06-1389829	501(C)(3)	2,211,718	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(42) THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO 1855 FOLSOM STREET SUITE 425 SAN FRANCISCO,CA941430812	94-6036493	GOV	205,886	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(43) TULANE UNIVERSITY 6823 ST CHARLES AVE NEW ORLEANS,LA70112	72-0423889	501(C)(3)	837,089	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION
(44) UNITED NATIONS FOUNDATION INC 1750 PENNSYLVANIA AVE NW STE 300 WASHINGTON,DC20006	58-2368165	501(C)(3)	167,547	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(45) UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES (UCLA) 10889 WILSHIRE BLVD SUITE 700 LOS ANGELES,CA900951406	95-6006143	GOV	83,958	AFRICA
(46) UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC 310 E CAMPUS RD ATHENS,GA30602	58-1353149	501(C)(3)	26,215	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(47) UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL 55 LAKE AVE NORTH WORCESTER,MA01655	04-3167352	GOV	92,662	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(48) UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES CHAPEL HILL,NC275993368	56-6001393	GOV	261,496	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION
(49) UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT AND STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE 85 SO PROSPECT STREET 333 WATERMAN BLDG BURLINGTON,VT05405	03-0179440	501(C)(3)	171,368	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
(50) UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON (UW) GRANT CONTRACT ACCOUNTING 12455 COLLECTIONS DRIVE CHICAGO,IL60693	91-6001537	GOV	1,935,938	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION
(51) VILLAGEREACH 210 S HUDSON ST SUITE 307 SEATTLE,WA98134	91-2083484	501(C)(3)	10,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(52) VITAL WAVE INC 555 BRYANT STREET 226 PALO ALTO,CA94301	20-3208079	OTHER	1,178,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(53) VITALLIANCE CORPORATION 4055 VALLEY VIEW LANE SUITE 1000 DALLAS,TX75244	84-1817390	OTHER	10,000	PROGRAM INNOVATION
(54) WALTER REED ARMY INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH US TREASURY 503 ROBERT GRANT AVE SILVER SPRING,MD20910	52-0664528	GOV	1,027,567	ESSENTIAL MEDICINE & PROGRAM INNOVATION

Enter total number of section 501(c)(3) and government organizations listed in the line 1 table ................. Bullet Image

Enter total number of other organizations listed in the line 1 table ........................ . Bullet Image

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 50055P

Schedule I (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part III

Grants and Other Assistance to Domestic Individuals. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 22.
Part III can be duplicated if additional space is needed.

(a) Type of grant or assistance	(b) Number of recipients	(c) Amount of cash grant	(d) Amount of noncash assistance	(e) Method of valuation (book, FMV, appraisal, other)	(f) Description of noncash assistance

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)

Part IV

Supplemental Information. Provide the information required in Part I, line 2; Part III, column (b); and any other additional information.

Return Reference

Explanation

PART I, LINE 2:

PATH HAS A SUBRECIPIENT POLICY AND PROCEDURES IN PLACE TO GUIDE THE WAY OUR PROJECT TEAMS MONITOR SUBRECIPIENTS. THIS INCLUDES BOTH FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL MONITORING. PATH USES RISK ASSESSMENTS, REPORTING, SITE VISITS, REGULAR CONTACT, ANNUAL AUDITS, AND OTHER MEANS TO PROVIDE THE MONITORING REQUIRED BY FUNDERS/DONORS AND TO ENSURE GOOD PROJECT STEWARDSHIP. THESE ACTIVITIES ALSO PROVIDE RESPONSIBLE ASSURANCE THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ADMINISTERS FUNDS IN COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND PRIME AWARD TERMS, AND THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ACHIEVES PERFORMANCE GOALS. PATH HAS ESTABLISHED COMPREHENSIVE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES TO PROMOTE BEST BUSINESS PRACTICES AND ENSURE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE INTERNAL CONTROL. THESE ARE COMBINED WITH AN INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTION THROUGH WHICH PATH CONDUCTS AUDITS ON GRANT-FUNDED PROGRAMS TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATORY AND DONOR REQUIREMENTS.

Schedule I (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

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Schedule J
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Compensation Information

For certain Officers, Directors, Trustees, Key Employees, and Highest
Compensated Employees
medium right arrow graphic

Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 23.
medium right arrow graphic

Attach to Form 990.
medium right arrow graphic

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

Questions Regarding Compensation

Yes

Check the appropiate box(es) if the organization provided any of the following to or for a person listed on Form
990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a. Complete Part III to provide any relevant information regarding these items.

First-class or charter travel Housing allowance or residence for personal use

Travel for companions Payments for business use of personal residence

Tax idemnification and gross-up payments Health or social club dues or initiation fees

Discretionary spending account Personal services (e.g., maid, chauffeur, chef)

If any of the boxes on Line 1a are checked, did the organization follow a written policy regarding payment or reimbursement or provision of all of the expenses described above? If "No," complete Part III to explain .....

Yes

Did the organization require substantiation prior to reimbursing or allowing expenses incurred by all
directors, trustees, officers, including the CEO/Executive Director, regarding the items checked on Line 1a? ....

Yes

Indicate which, if any, of the following the filing organization used to establish the compensation of the
organization's CEO/Executive Director. Check all that apply. Do not check any boxes for methods
used by a related organization to establish compensation of the CEO/Executive Director, but explain in Part III.

Compensation committee Written employment contract

Independent compensation consultant Compensation survey or study

Form 990 of other organizations Approval by the board or compensation committee

During the year, did any person listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, with respect to the filing organization or a related organization:

Receive a severance payment or change-of-control payment? .............

Participate in, or receive payment from, a supplemental nonqualified retirement plan? .........

Participate in, or receive payment from, an equity-based compensation arrangement? .........

If "Yes" to any of lines 4a-c, list the persons and provide the applicable amounts for each item in Part III.

Only 501(c)(3), 501(c)(4), and 501(c)(29) organizations must complete lines 5-9.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization pay or accrue any
compensation contingent on the revenues of:

The organization? ....................

Any related organization? .......................

If "Yes," on line 5a or 5b, describe in Part III.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization pay or accrue any
compensation contingent on the net earnings of:

The organization? ..................

Any related organization? ......................

If "Yes," on line 6a or 6b, describe in Part III.

For persons listed on Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, did the organization provide any nonfixed
payments not described in lines 5 and 6? If "Yes," describe in Part III ............

Yes

Were any amounts reported on Form 990, Part VII, paid or accured pursuant to a contract that was
subject to the initial contract exception described in Regulations section 53.4958-4(a)(3)? If "Yes," describe
in Part III ..........................

If "Yes" on line 8, did the organization also follow the rebuttable presumption procedure described in Regulations section 53.4958-6(c)? .........................

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 50053T

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part II

Officers, Directors, Trustees, Key Employees, and Highest Compensated Employees. Use duplicate copies if additional space is needed.

For each individual whose compensation must be reported on Schedule J, report compensation from the organization on row (i) and from related organizations, described in the
instructions, on row (ii). Do not list any individuals that are not listed on Form 990, Part VII.
Note. The sum of columns (B)(i)-(iii) for each listed individual must equal the total amount of Form 990, Part VII, Section A, line 1a, applicable column (D) and (E) amounts for that individual.

(A) Name and Title		(B) Breakdown of W-2, 1099-MISC compensation, and/or 1099-NEC			(C) Retirement and other deferred compensation	(D) Nontaxable benefits	(E) Total of columns (B)(i)-(D)	(F) Compensation in column (B) reported as deferred on prior Form 990
(A) Name and Title		(i) Base compensation	(ii) Bonus & incentive compensation	(iii) Other reportable compensation	(C) Retirement and other deferred compensation	(D) Nontaxable benefits	(E) Total of columns (B)(i)-(D)
1NIKOLAJ JESTED GILBERT MSC PRESIDENT AND CEO	(i) (ii)	486,278 ------------- 0	149,240 ------------- 0	825 ------------- 0	35,800 ------------- 0	31,262 ------------- 0	703,405 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
2KIMBERLY GREEN PHD DIRECTOR, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE	(i) (ii)	281,314 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	265,379 ------------- 0	26,101 ------------- 0	62,712 ------------- 0	635,506 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
3ASHLEY J BIRKETT PHD GLOBAL HEAD, MALARIA VACCINES	(i) (ii)	353,553 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	900 ------------- 0	32,329 ------------- 0	34,160 ------------- 0	420,942 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
4JESSICA MILMAN MPH GBL. HEAD, CENTER FOR VAX INNOV. & A	(i) (ii)	350,761 ------------- 0	12,500 ------------- 0	600 ------------- 0	30,939 ------------- 0	18,810 ------------- 0	413,610 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
5KATYA SPIELBERG GBL. HEAD, INTEG. PORT. & FIN. MGMT.	(i) (ii)	311,666 ------------- 0	12,500 ------------- 0	900 ------------- 0	30,896 ------------- 0	43,291 ------------- 0	399,253 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
6TRAD M HATTON MA MHS DIR., CEN. AFRICA HUB & DRC COUNTRY	(i) (ii)	156,589 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	184,662 ------------- 0	19,097 ------------- 0	38,412 ------------- 0	398,760 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
7BRUCE LAMONT INNIS MD FIDSA GLOBAL HEAD, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS	(i) (ii)	364,385 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	600 ------------- 0	33,838 ------------- 0	-106 ------------- 0	398,717 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
8KAMMERLE SCHNEIDER EBERLE MIA CHIEF PROGRAMS & INNOVATION OFFICER	(i) (ii)	334,102 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	675 ------------- 0	35,800 ------------- 0	18,801 ------------- 0	389,378 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
9SABRINA L POWERS JD CHIEF OF LEGAL & RESEARCH AFFAIRS/GC	(i) (ii)	299,964 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	825 ------------- 0	35,400 ------------- 0	14,447 ------------- 0	350,636 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
10NANTHALILE C MUGALA MD MMED CHIEF OF AFRICA REGION	(i) (ii)	251,888 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	67,342 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	319,230 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
11HEATHER RAE IGNATIUS CHIEF OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS	(i) (ii)	262,663 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	600 ------------- 0	26,564 ------------- 0	22,138 ------------- 0	311,965 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
12MEISSA DIAW CHIEF PEOPLE & DIVERSITY OFFICER	(i) (ii)	274,904 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	18,457 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	291 ------------- 0	293,652 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
13LAURIE WERNER MPA DIR., CENTER OF DIG. & DATA EXCELLEN	(i) (ii)	249,745 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	904 ------------- 0	29,293 ------------- 0	12,646 ------------- 0	292,588 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
14NABEEL A GOHEER PHD CHIEF OF AFRICA	(i) (ii)	285,487 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	1,044 ------------- 0	2,190 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0	288,721 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 0
15BEN ALIWA MBA CHIEF OF BUSINESS & FINANCE OFFICER	(i) (ii)	0 ------------- 238,853	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 432	0 ------------- 22,048	0 ------------- 0	0 ------------- 261,333	0 ------------- 0

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Page 3

Part III

Supplemental Information

Provide the information, explanation, or descriptions required for Part I, lines 1a, 1b, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7, and 8, and for Part II. Also complete this part for any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation
PART I, LINE 1A	HOUSING ALLOWANCES & TAX INDEMNIFICATIONS ARE ONLY PROVIDED TO THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE EXPATRIATE EMPLOYEES. ALL BENEFIT PAYMENTS ARE MADE ACCORDING TO OUR EXPATRIATE POLICY. PART I, LINE 3: PATH ENGAGES WITH A CONSULTING FIRM TO REVIEW THE COMPENSATION FOR EACH OF THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT POSITIONS. PATH PROVIDES AN ANNUAL SALARY ADJUSTMENT EACH JANUARY BASED ON THE OVERALL LABOR MARKET MOVEMENT.
PART I, LINE 7	BONUS COMPENSATION HAS BEEN REFLECTED IN PART II, COLUMN (B)(II).

Schedule J (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

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SCHEDULE M
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury

Internal Revenue Service

Noncash Contributions

Complete if the organizations answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, lines 29 or 30.
Right pointing arrow large image

Attach to Form 990.
Right pointing arrow large image

Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

Types of Property

	(a) Check if applicable	(b) Number of contributions or items contributed	(c) Noncash contribution amounts reported on Form 990, Part VIII, line 1g	(d) Method of determining noncash contribution amounts
1 Art—Works of art ....
2 Art—Historical treasures .
3 Art—Fractional interests ..
4 Books and publications ..
5 Clothing and household goods .......
6 Cars and other vehicles ..
7 Boats and planes ....
8 Intellectual property ...
9 Securities—Publicly traded .	X	7	58,450	FMV
10 Securities—Closely held stock .
11 Securities—Partnership, LLC, or trust interests ....
12 Securities—Miscellaneous ..
13 Qualified conservation contribution—Historic structures .....
14 Qualified conservation contribution—Other ...
15 Real estate—Residential .
16 Real estate—Commercial ..
17 Real estate—Other ...
18 Collectibles .....
19 Food inventory ...
20 Drugs and medical supplies .
21 Taxidermy ......
22 Historical artifacts ....
23 Scientific specimens ..
24 Archeological artifacts ...
25 Other ( SOFTWARE/SUPP. )	X	2	297,249	COST
26 Other ( )
27 Other ( )
28 Other ( )

Number of Forms 8283 received by the organization during the tax year for contributions
for which the organization completed Form 8283, Part IV, Donee Acknowledgement

Yes

30a

During the year, did the organization receive by contribution any property reported in Part I, lines 1 through 28, that it must hold for at least three years from the date of the initial contribution, and which isn't required to be used for exempt purposes for the entire holding period? ...................

30a

If "Yes," describe the arrangement in Part II.

Does the organization have a gift acceptance policy that requires the review of any nonstandard contributions?

Yes

32a

Does the organization hire or use third parties or related organizations to solicit, process, or sell noncash

contributions? ..........................

32a

If "Yes," describe in Part II.

If the organization didn't report an amount in column (c) for a type of property for which column (a) is checked,

describe in Part II.

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 51227J

Schedule M (Form 990) (2023)

Page 2

Part IISupplemental Information. Provide the information required by Part I, lines 30b, 32b, and 33, and whether the organization is reporting in Part I, column (b), the number of contributions, the number of items received, or a combination of both. Also complete this part for any additional information.

Return Reference	Explanation
PART I, COLUMN (B):	THIS COLUMN REFLECTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS.

Schedule M (Form 990) (2023)

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

SCHEDULE O
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Supplemental Information to Form 990 or 990-EZ

Complete to provide information for responses to specific questions on
Form 990 or 990-EZ or to provide any additional information.
Attach to Form 990 or 990-EZ.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public
Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Return Reference	Explanation
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION MISSION:	PATH IS A GLOBAL NONPROFIT DEDICATED TO ACHIEVING HEALTH EQUITY. WITH MORE THAN 40 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE FORGING MULTISECTOR PARTNERSHIPS, AND WITH EXPERTISE IN SCIENCE, ECONOMICS, TECHNOLOGY, ADVOCACY, AND DOZENS OF OTHER SPECIALTIES, PATH DEVELOPS AND SCALES UP INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO THE WORLD'S MOST PRESSING HEALTH CHALLENGES. THE LARGEST INVESTMENTS IN PATH'S PROGRAMMATIC WORK IN 2023 WERE ORGANIZED INTO THREE PRIMARY PORTFOLIOS: PROGRAMS & INNOVATION, ESSENTIAL MEDICINES, AND THE ASIA, MIDDLE EAST AND EUROPE (AMEE) REGIONS.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	TO INCREASE ACCESS TO G6PD TESTING, WE BROKERED A VOLUME GUARANTEE FOR THE SD BIOSENSOR STANDARD G6PD TEST, THE SOLE QUANTITATIVE POC DIAGNOSTIC FOR THIS TYPE OF MALARIA. THIS GUARANTEE, PROVIDED BY MEDACCESS, SUPPORTS SD BIOSENSOR TO REDUCE THE PRICE OF THEIR POC G6PD DEVICE AND TESTING STRIPS FOR LMICS AND, MORE IMPORTANTLY, ENSURES SUPPLY SECURITY OF THE TEST THROUGH COMMITMENTS FROM THE SOLE MANUFACTURER. IN 2023, PATH RECEIVED FUNDING TO EVALUATE THE USABILITY OF A NEW MULTIPLEX MOLECULAR PLATFORM IN LMICS. THESE STUDIES SEEK TO UNDERSTAND HEALTH CARE FACILITY LEVELS THAT THESE INSTRUMENTS CAN REASONABLY REACH. IN 2023, WE CONTINUED TO ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POINT-OF-CARE RAPID SCREENING TEST FOR PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY (PID) WITH LIFEASSAY DIAGNOSTICS LTD. PID DISORDERS ARE A RARE CLASS OF HEREDITARY DISEASES THAT AFFECT THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, RESULTING IN INCOMPLETE IMMUNE RESPONSES, WHICH MAKE INDIVIDUALS MORE VULNERABLE TO DISEASES. PEOPLE WITH SOME FORMS OF PID ARE AT RISK OF PROLONGED INFECTION AND SHEDDING OF POLIOVIRUS INTO THEIR COMMUNITIES. IDENTIFYING THOSE WITH PID CAN HELP DISRUPT COMMUNITY OUTBREAKS AND DISEASE CYCLES. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH FHI360, WE SUPPORTED USAID'S GLOBAL HEALTH SUPPLY CHAIN PROGRAM WITH QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING OF RAPID TESTS FOR HIV, TUBERCULOSIS, AND SARS-COV-2. LOT TESTING HELPS TO ENSURE THAT RAPID TESTS PROCURED WITH UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT FUNDING ARE OF HIGH AND CONSISTENT QUALITY. WE ALSO PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO EVALUATE NEW RAPID TESTS, ASSESS THE SUITABILITY OF MANUFACTURERS, AND SUPPORT END USERS WHEN PROBLEMS WITH TESTS ARISE DURING ROUTINE USE. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH REDBUD LABS, AND SUPPORTED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH), WE ARE DEVELOPING POINT-OF-CARE PLATFORMS FOR A RANGE OF TARGETS: THE DETECTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC FEVER, THE DETECTION AND VIRAL LOAD MEASUREMENT OF HIV, AND THE DETECTION AND VIRAL LOAD MEASUREMENT OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV). PATH IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND INTEGRATION OF THE NUCLEIC AMPLIFICATION ASSAYS IN THE PLATFORM. IN 2023, A SUPPLEMENT TO AN EXISTING AWARD ON OPEN-ACCESS RESOURCES TO ADVANCE PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY-DERIVED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TECHNOLOGY ALLOWED THE EXPANSION OF THE PROJECT. THE GOAL WAS TO START BUILDING A PIPELINE OF TOOLS AND RESOURCES TO ACCELERATE THE EXTERNALIZATION OF AI MODELS TO PUBLIC HEALTH PRODUCTS, BOTH REGULATED AND NONREGULATED, FOR BETTER MANAGEMENT OF ILLNESS AND WELL-BEING, ESPECIALLY IN CHILDREN. PRODUCT-AGNOSTIC LEARNINGS WERE GENERATED AND MADE ACCESSIBLE TO EVERYONE IN THE AI-FOR-HEALTH SECTOR. MEDICAL DEVICES AND HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES THE MEDICAL DEVICES AND HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM SUPPORTS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AT PATH. THE PROGRAM WORKS WITH PUBLIC- AND PRIVATE-SECTOR PARTNERS AROUND THE WORLD TO DEVELOP, TEST, INTRODUCE, AND SCALE UP AFFORDABLE INNOVATIONS TO SAVE LIVES AND IMPROVE HEALTH. THROUGHOUT 2023, STAFF PUBLISHED 19 PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL ARTICLES AND RESEARCH FINDINGS ON TOPICS INCLUDING MEASLES AND RUBELLA MICROARRAY PATCHES, VACCINE WASTAGE, USING NEW COLD CHAIN TECHNOLOGIES TO EXTEND THE VACCINE COLD CHAIN, AND ESTABLISHING INPATIENT CARE FOR SMALL AND SICK NEWBORNS. IN THE AREA OF VACCINE AND PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGIES, OUR TECHNICAL EXPERTS ARE ADVANCING THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLE COMPACT, PREFILLED, AUTODISABLE DEVICES (CPAD) FOR THE DELIVERY OF CONTRACEPTIVE DRUGS. THE PATH MICROARRAY PATCH CENTER OF EXCELLENCE CONTINUED OUR CROSS-SECTOR WORK TO ADVANCE THIS NEEDLE-FREE DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM FOR CRITICAL VACCINES, SUCH AS FOR MEASLES AND RUBELLA, AND SERVED AS HOSTS OF THE 2023 INTERNATIONAL MICRONEEDLES CONFERENCE IN MAY. IN ADDITION, STAFF COMPLETED A RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS USING LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS MODELING TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PRIORITY COMBINATION VACCINES, REGIONAL MANUFACTURING, AUTODISABLE SYRINGES, MICROARRAY PATCHES, CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE CHAIN STORAGE OF VACCINES, AND VACCINE BARCODING. MARKET DYNAMICS PATH'S MARKET DYNAMICS PROGRAM WORKS TO INCREASE EQUITABLE ACCESS TO HEALTH PRODUCTS AND SERVICES BY DIAGNOSING THE ROOT CAUSES OF MARKET FAILURES, DESIGNING APPROPRIATE SOLUTIONS, AND DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE HEALTH MARKETS. THIS WORK IS DONE IN CLOSE COLLABORATION WITH NATIONAL MINISTRIES OF HEALTH, GLOBAL AGENCIES, COMMERCIAL PARTNERS, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, AND PATH'S COUNTRY PROGRAMS. IN 2023, OUR LARGEST AREAS OF WORK WERE: (1) IMPROVING ACCESS TO MEDICAL OXYGEN, RESPIRATORY CARE SYSTEMS, AND CRITICAL MEDICAL DEVICES IN LMICS. AS PART OF THAT WORK, WE CONTINUED TO SUPPORT GLOBAL AND COUNTRY EFFORTS IN RESPIRATORY CARE CAPACITY-BUILDING AND IMPLEMENTATION, STRENGTHENED ADVOCACY TO ELEVATE OXYGEN TO GLOBAL AND NATIONAL AGENDAS, AND ENHANCED RESEARCH AND MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING ON OXYGEN. HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDED JOINING FORCES WITH THE GLOBAL OXYGEN ALLIANCE TO BOOST ACCESS TO OXYGEN ACCESS, ADVOCATING FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE RESOLUTION ON ACCESS TO OXYGEN AT THE WORLD HEALTH ASSEMBLY, DEVELOPING TOOLS FOR COUNTRIES TO INCLUDE OXYGEN INDICATOR SYSTEMS IN ROUTINE HEALTH MONITORING, AND BUILDING DIGITAL INSIGHTS PLATFORMS FOR COUNTRY MINISTRIES TO ANALYZE OXYGEN GAPS AND PRIORITIES FOR INVESTMENT. IN INDIA, KENYA, SENEGAL, AND TANZANIA, WE ADVANCED ACCESS TO PULSE OXIMETRY AND ELECTRONIC CLINICAL DECISION-SUPPORT ALGORITHMS AS CRITICAL TOOLS TO HELP HEALTH CARE WORKERS IDENTIFY SEVERELY ILL CHILDREN AND REFER THEM FOR TREATMENT WITHOUT DELAY. AS PART OF THIS WORK, WE COMPLETED THE DATA COLLECTION PHASE OF THE RESEARCH STUDIES WITH OVER 212,000 CHILDREN ENROLLED AND BEGAN DATA ANALYSIS AND DISSEMINATION EFFORTS. (2) SUPPORTING THE INTRODUCTION AND SCALE-UP OF MALARIA HEALTH PRODUCTS WITH THE AIM OF ELIMINATING THE P. VIVAX STRAIN OF MALARIA. WORKING WITH PARTNERS, WE GENERATED AND SHARED EVIDENCE TO INFORM POLICY AND GUIDELINE CHANGES, SUPPORTED THE REGISTRATION OF RADICAL CURE TOOLS, AND MONITORED THE PRODUCTION OF DIAGNOSTICS AND DRUGS TO MEET MARKET DEMANDS. EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE IN 2023, PATH'S EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE (EPR) GLOBAL PROGRAM REMAINED STEADFAST IN ITS COMMITMENT TO ASSISTING MINISTRIES OF HEALTH, AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENT, AND OTHER SECTORS TO COMBAT THE URGENT THREATS POSED BY ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES THROUGH A COMPREHENSIVE ONE HEALTH APPROACH. THESE CHALLENGES DISRUPT ECOSYSTEMS, EXACERBATE NATURAL DISASTERS, AND THREATEN GLOBAL COMMUNITY HEALTH. THIS YEAR, EPR INTENSIFIED ITS FOCUS ON HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE BY DELIVERING CRITICAL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO POPULATIONS MOST AT RISK FROM EMERGING HEALTH THREATS. THE TEAM SUCCESSFULLY CONTINUED TO IMPLEMENT TWO USAID PROJECTSINFECTIOUS DISEASE DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE (IDDS) AND DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION OF EMERGING PATHOGENS, VIRAL ZOONOSES (DEEP VZN)IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES ACROSS AFRICA AND ASIA. WITH THE BACKING OF THE US CDC, PATH COLLABORATED WITH NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS IN SENEGAL, TANZANIA, AND VIETNAM TO BOLSTER THEIR EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE CAPABILITIES. THIS YEAR ALSO MARKED THE START OF A NEW, AMBITIOUS 5-YEAR USAID-FUNDED PROJECT: LOCALIZING GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY. THIS INITIATIVE AIMS TO ADVANCE THE LOCALIZATION AGENDA BY DEVELOPING LOCAL CAPACITIES AND STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY-BASED HEALTH SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE THEIR RESILIENCE AGAINST EMERGING HEALTH THREATS. IT ALSO AIMS TO TRAIN LOCAL ACTORS AND INSTITUTIONS, ENSURING THAT KNOWLEDGE, RESOURCES, AND STRATEGIES FOR HEALTH SECURITY ARE DEEPLY ROOTED WITHIN COMMUNITIES. THIS PROJECT WILL PLAY A PIVOTAL ROLE IN ENHANCING LOCAL OWNERSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY OF HEALTH SECURITY EFFORTS AND FOSTERING A MORE RESPONSIVE AND RESILIENT GLOBAL HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE, INCLUDING LOCAL CAPACITY TO RESPOND TO REQUESTS FOR PROPOSALS AND IMPLEMENT GRANTS. PATH'S STRATEGIC AND COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS IS A MODEL OF PROACTIVE AND COLLABORATIVE ACTION, HARNESSING THE POWER OF PARTNERSHIPS AND CUTTING-EDGE INNOVATIONS TO SAFEGUARD GLOBAL HEALTH. IN 2023, THROUGH ROBUST ALLIANCES WITH USAID, THE CDC, THE GATES FOUNDATION, WHO, AND AMAZON, ALONG WITH OTHER KEY PARTNERS, PATH ENABLED NATIONAL AND SUBNATIONAL LEADERS IN 20 COUNTRIES TO SIGNIFICANTLY ENHANCE THEIR EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE CAPABILITIES. BY REINFORCING DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND LABORATORY SYSTEMS THROUGH A MULTISECTORAL ONE HEALTH APPROACH, PATH IS DRIVING CRITICAL IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	MALARIA AND NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES PATH PARTNERS WITH GOVERNMENTS, THE PRIVATE SECTOR, AND FUNDERS AROUND THE GLOBE TO BRING THE WORLD CLOSER TO MALARIA ERADICATION. OUR STRATEGY INCLUDES OPTIMIZING THE DELIVERY OF CURRENT TOOLS AND APPROACHES TO ENSURE THEY REACH THE PEOPLE WHO NEED THEM, DESIGNING NEW STRATEGIES AND DEVELOPING NEXT-GENERATION TOOLS TO OVERCOME EMERGING CHALLENGES, AND CREATING INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIPS AND FUNDING MODELS TO ENSURE OUR PROGRAMS ARE SUSTAINABLE AND EFFECTIVE. IN 2023, OUR MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) PROGRAM CONTINUED TO SUPPORT THE GOVERNMENTS OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (DRC), ETHIOPIA, SENEGAL, AND ZAMBIA TOWARD THEIR MALARIA ELIMINATION GOALS. MACEPA CONTINUED TO SUPPORT NATIONAL MALARIA PROGRAMS WITH THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF HIGH-QUALITY DATA FOR DECISION-MAKING. THIS INCLUDED THE DEVELOPMENT AND STRENGTHENING OF DATA REPOSITORIES, AS WELL AS IMPROVING DATA QUALITY ACROSS EACH GEOGRAPHY. MACEPA PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND EXPERTISE TO TAILOR SUBNATIONAL INTERVENTIONS BASED ON RISK STRATIFICATION MAPS AND MODELING OF OPTIMAL INTERVENTION MIXES ACROSS ALL GEOGRAPHIES. ADDITIONALLY, MACEPA SUPPORTED THE PRIORITIZATION AND FUNDING OF TARGETED CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS IN SENEGAL AND ETHIOPIA. MACEPA ALSO CONDUCTED EXPLORATORY ACTIVITIES IN MALAWI AND NIGERIA. FOR EXAMPLE, IN MALAWI, THEY QUANTIFIED COMMUNITY CASE MANAGEMENT NEEDS AND GAPS THROUGH LANDSCAPING AND BENCHMARKING ANALYSES. IN NIGERIA, MACEPA PARTNERED WITH THE NATIONAL MALARIA PROGRAM TO DEVELOP, VALIDATE, AND COST A SURVEILLANCE ROADMAP. THESE ACTIVITIES AIMED TO INFORM THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE NEEDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THESE GEOGRAPHIES. THE PROGRAM FOR ADVANCEMENTS OF MALARIA OUTCOMES (PAMO) PLUS PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE US PRESIDENT'S MALARIA INITIATIVE (PMI), PROVIDED TECHNICAL AND MATERIAL ASSISTANCE TO THE ZAMBIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH FOR MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENT, MALARIA IN PREGNANCY, SOCIAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE, DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, AND DATA MANAGEMENT AND USE. WORK IN 2023 INVOLVED MENTORING HEALTH WORKERS IN THE PROJECT'S FOUR FOCUS PROVINCES TO ENSURE ADHERENCE TO MALARIA CASE MANAGEMENT STANDARDS. THEY ALSO TRAINED, DEPLOYED, AND SUPPORTED COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS WHO TEST AND TREAT MALARIA AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL. ADDITIONALLY, PAMO PLUS WORKED WITH ANTENATAL CARE PROVIDERS AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD ACTION GROUP MEMBERS TO INCREASE UPTAKE OF INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS AND INTERMITTENT PRESUMPTIVE TREATMENT OF MALARIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN TO PREVENT MALARIA IN PREGNANCY. PAMO PLUS SUPPORTED IN DEVELOPING COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT PLANS, PROVIDED ORIENTATION FOR COMMUNITY CHANGE AGENTS, CONDUCTED DATA QUALITY AUDITS, AND TRAINED MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH) STAFF IN DATA MANAGEMENT AND MENTORSHIP. PAMO PLUS CONTINUED IMPLEMENTING A MALARIA PRE-ELIMINATION PROGRAM, CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN LOW-BURDEN DISTRICTS OF EASTERN PROVINCE, ZAMBIA. IN SINDA DISTRICT, THEY INTRODUCED MALARIA CASE INVESTIGATION AND SINGLE LOW-DOSE PRIMAQUINE IN AN EFFORT TO ELIMINATE MALARIA. PAMO PLUS ALSO BEGAN SUPPORTING THE MOH THROUGH THE EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION AND THE NATIONAL MALARIA ELIMINATION PROGRAM TO PREPARE FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF THE MALARIA VACCINE. IN 2023, PATH CONCLUDED THE PRODUCT EVALUATION COMPONENTS OF THE NEW NETS PROJECT, WHICH WAS FUNDED BY UNITAID AND THE GLOBAL FUND TO FIGHT AIDS, TUBERCULOSIS AND MALARIA (THE GLOBAL FUND). THE EVIDENCE GENERATED BY THE PROJECT SHOWED THAT THE NEWEST GENERATION OF BEDNETS, WHICH CONTAIN NOVEL COMBINATIONS OF INSECTICIDES INSTEAD OF JUST A SINGLE INSECTICIDE, ARE MORE EFFECTIVE AT PREVENTING MALARIA ACROSS AFRICA. THIS FINDING WAS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE PACKAGE OF EVIDENCE THAT LED TO UPDATED WHO MALARIA CONTROL GUIDELINES. IN ZAMBIA, PATH LED THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF LABORATORY AND FIELD ACTIVITIES TO TEST ANOTHER NEW TOOL FOR MALARIA VECTOR CONTROL, KNOWN AS THE ATTRACTIVE TARGETED SUGAR BAIT (ATSB). WE COORDINATED PARTNERS WORKING ON ATSB RESEARCH IN KENYA, MALI, AND ZAMBIA. UNDER THE RAPID MALARIA ASSESSMENTS TO SUPPORT APPROPRIATELY TAILORED SUBNATIONAL INTERVENTION PACKAGES IN BURKINA FASO PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE GATES FOUNDATION, PATH ALSO PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO THE CENTRE NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE ET DE FORMATION SUR LE PALUDISME. THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO EXPLORE NEW DATA SOURCES, COLLECTION METHODS, AND INDICATORS TO PROVIDE GRANULAR AND TIMELY DATA FOR DECISION-MAKING, INCLUDING TO SUPPORT SUBNATIONAL PLANNING AND GLOBAL FUND GRANT ASSESSMENTS. THE FINAL RESULTS WERE PRESENTED TO THE GLOBAL FUND TECHNICAL TEAMS. THE INPUTS WERE INTEGRATED INTO FINAL REPORTS SUBMITTED FOR THE CLOSE-OUT OF THE PROJECT. PATH ALSO LED A USAID INITIATIVE TO SUPPORT MALARIA OPERATIONAL RESEARCH AND PROGRAM EVALUATION. UNDER THE PMI INSIGHTS PROJECT, PATH COORDINATED THE WORK OF SEVERAL PARTNERS TO STRENGTHEN NATIONAL POLICIES, STRATEGIES, AND GUIDELINES FOR MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION. IN THE DRC, PATH CONTINUED TO SUPPORT THE RECENTLY CREATED NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE'S EFFORTS TO SET UP A SINGLE, CENTRAL EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTER (EOC). THE PURPOSE IS TO MANAGE THE MULTIPLE HEALTH EMERGENCIES THAT THE DRC HAS TO MANAGE, INCLUDING DEVELOPING AN INTEGRATED DATA PLATFORM TO SUPPORT DECISION-MAKING THAT INTEGRATES MALARIA AND POLIO. IN VIETNAM, PATH SUPPORTED THE INTEGRATION OF MALARIA INTO THE PUBLIC HEALTH EOC TO STRENGTHEN MALARIA SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE AND SUPPORT MALARIA ELIMINATION EFFORTS. PATH'S LABORATORY TEAM AT THE NATIONAL MALARIA ELIMINATION CENTRE IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA, IS LEVERAGING THE COST-EFFECTIVE AND SCALABLE ANTIMALARIAL DRUG RESISTANCE ASSAY FOR P. FALCIPARUM MALARIA USING NANOPORE SEQUENCING TO CREATE A GENOTYPIC DRUG RESISTANCE PROFILE FOR THE COUNTRY. IN 2023, WITH FUNDING FROM THE GATES FOUNDATION, THE TEAM CONTINUED TO INTEGRATE NANOPORE SEQUENCING INTO ROUTINE MALARIA SURVEILLANCE IN ZAMBIA. THEY ALSO MADE GAINS IN CAPACITY-BUILDING AT PARTNER INSTITUTIONS IN THE DRC, KENYA, AND NAMIBIA TO SUPPORT LEVERAGING NANOPORE SEQUENCING ASSAYS TO IMPROVE AND EXPAND MALARIA SURVEILLANCE IN THESE LOCATIONS. THE VIVACTION PROJECT WORKS TO CATALYZE ADOPTION AND EVENTUAL SCALE-UP OF NEW TOOLS FOR P. VIVAX, INCLUDING THE DRUG TAFENOQUINE AND G6PD DIAGNOSTICS. THE GOAL IS TO SUPPORT UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO BEST PRACTICES FOR P. VIVAX CASE MANAGEMENT. IN ETHIOPIA, PATH HAS BEEN STUDYING THE OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY OF INTEGRATING NEW RADICAL CURE TREATMENT OPTIONS INTO THE CASE MANAGEMENT OF P. VIVAX PATIENTS AS PART OF A REVISED TREATMENT ALGORITHM. IN 2023, PATH ADVANCED THE COUNTRY PROTOCOL TO PASS THROUGH THE NECESSARY ETHICS AND REGULATORY APPROVAL PROCESSES. REVIEWS AND FEEDBACK RESPONSES HAVE BEEN ONGOING AT DIFFERENT STAGES, AND PATH WAS ABLE TO OBTAIN APPROVALS FROM THE IMPLEMENTING PARTNER'S INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD, NATIONAL RESEARCH ETHICS REVIEW BOARD, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, AND THE ETHIOPIAN FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION AUTHORITY. PATH, BY GENERATING NATIONAL LANDSCAPE EVIDENCE AND DISSEMINATING IT WITH STAKEHOLDERS, ALSO LEADS INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE (PV) IN A NATIONAL OFFICIAL DOCUMENT: 20242026 MALARIA NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN. AS PART OF THE PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES FOR THE OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY IN 2024, PATH HAS BEEN WORKING WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO PROVIDE THE NECESSARY STUDY TOOLS, ESTABLISHING OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES, LEADING CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOPS WITH STAKEHOLDERS, AND DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING TRAINING MATERIALS WITH THE NATIONAL MALARIA ELIMINATION PROGRAM. IN INDIA, PATH PROVIDED STRATEGIC TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AT THE NATIONAL AND SELECTED STATE LEVEL FOR BOTH NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASE (NTD) PROGRAM AND MALARIA ELIMINATION ACTIVITIES. OUR SPECIFIC SUPPORT TO VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMS IN SELECTED STATES INCLUDED VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS (VL) ELIMINATION, LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS (LF) ELIMINATION, MALARIA ELIMINATION, AND DENGUE-CHIKUNGUNYA CONTROL ACTIVITIES THROUGH CAPACITY-BUILDING, OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION AND RESPONSE, MONITORING/SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION, VECTOR CONTROL, AND DATA MANAGEMENT FOR ENABLING EVIDENCE-BASED POLICY DECISION-MAKING AT MULTIPLE LEVELS. PATH ALSO SUPPORTED THE STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH IN SUSTAINING ELIMINATION-LEVEL TRANSMISSION OF VL IN VL-ENDEMIC DISTRICTS THROUGH DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND VECTOR CONTROL MEASURES BY THE STATE HEALTH SYSTEM. IN ADDITION, IN 2023 PATH PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR LF ELIMINATION THROUGH IMPLEMENTING A MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION (MDA) CAMPAIGN THAT ADMINISTERED PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT TO APPROXIMATELY 115 MILLION PEOPLE. IN UTTAR PRADESH, PATH SUPPORTED THE STATE HEALTH SYSTEM IN REDUCING THE CASE FATALITY RATIO FROM ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS SYNDROME TO LESS THAN 1% BY ESTABLISHING FUNCTIONAL ENCEPHALITIS TREATMENT CENTERS FOR EFFECTIVE CASE MANAGEMENT AND TIMELY REFERRAL SERVICES.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	IN 2023, THE USAID SURVEILLANCE FOR MALARIA ELIMINATION (S4ME) ACTIVITY SUPPORTED MALARIA ELIMINATION EFFORTS IN ETHIOPIA BY DESIGNING AND TESTING EFFECTIVE SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES FOR ELIMINATION AT THE WOREDA (DISTRICT) LEVEL, INCLUDING HEALTH FACILITIES AND COMMUNITY PLATFORMS; SUPPORTING THE IDENTIFICATION AND TIMELY REPORTING OF MALARIA CASES BY UTILIZING REAL-TIME DATA FROM DIGITAL SYSTEMS TO INVESTIGATE AND CLASSIFY MALARIA CASES; AND SUPPORTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TARGETED MALARIA ELIMINATION INTERVENTIONS. DURING 2023, THROUGH FUNDING FROM GIVEWELL, PATH IMPLEMENTED THE PILOT PERENNIAL MALARIA CHEMOPREVENTION (PMC) INTERVENTION IN THE DRC TO CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS OF AGE AT ROUTINE VACCINATION VISITS. THE MAJORITY OF THE YEAR WAS SPENT PREPARING FOR IMPLEMENTATION (E.G., HIRING STAFF, PREPARING DATA COLLECTION AND REPORTING TOOLS), AS THE INTERVENTION OFFICIALLY BEGAN IN DECEMBER 2023. UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND WITH FUNDING FROM THE GATES FOUNDATION, PATH WORKED WITH NATIONAL NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASE (NTD) PROGRAMS IN SEVERAL COUNTRIES AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS TO DESIGN AN INTEGRATED POST-VALIDATION/VERIFICATION SURVEILLANCE PLANNING TOOLKIT FOR NTDS WITH A SPECIFIC FOCUS ON ONCHOCERCIASIS AND LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS. IN MYANMAR PATH CONTINUED TO SUPPORT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PMI'S ELIMINATE MALARIA PROJECT, WHICH AIMS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE ELIMINATION OF INDIGENOUS TRANSMISSION OF P. FALCIPARUM MALARIA BY 2023 AND PUT MYANMAR ON THE PATH TO ELIMINATING ALL HUMAN MALARIA BY 2030. IN 2023, PATH ALSO PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPABILITY AND DEVELOPED A STRATEGY FOR A MALARIA OUTBREAK DETECTION AND RESPONSE SYSTEM. ADDITIONALLY, PATH SUPPORTED AN ASSESSMENT OF FEASIBILITY TO DEVELOP AN APPROACH FOR THE PREVENTION OF RE-INTRODUCTION AND RE-ESTABLISHMENT OF MALARIA. PATH CONDUCTED THE ASSESSMENTS OF RECEPTIVITY, VULNERABILITY, HEALTH CARE QUALITY, AND COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR IN TWO TOWNSHIPS OF RAKHINE STATE, PRODUCING MALARIA RISK ASSESSMENT REPORTS FOR THOSE AREAS. PATH ALSO INTRODUCED NEW TOOLS AND APPROACHES IN MALARIA TREATMENT BY GENERATING AND MAKING AVAILABLE HIGH-QUALITY EVIDENCE FOR IMPLEMENTATION AND SCALE-UP AND OPTIMIZING THE RADICAL CURE FOR P. VIVAX. IN 2023, PATH WAS AWARDED THE FIVE-YEAR REACH MALARIA (REACHING EVERY AT-RISK COMMUNITY AND HOUSEHOLD WITH MALARIA SERVICES) CONTRACT BY USAID/PMI. THE PROJECT WILL PROVIDE IMPLEMENTATION SUPPORT AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO MINISTRIES OF HEALTH, LOCAL PARTNERS, AND THE GLOBAL MALARIA COMMUNITY IN UP TO 27 PMI PRIORITY COUNTRIES TO ACCELERATE PROGRESS IN PLANNING, DELIVERY, AND MONITORING OF FACILITY- AND COMMUNITY-BASED MALARIA SERVICES. EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ACTION NETWORK IN 2023, THE EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT ACTION NETWORK (ECDAN), HOSTED BY PATH, CONTINUED TO ADVOCATE FOR YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR CAREGIVERS BY ELEVATING KEY POLICY PRIORITIES, SUCH AS CHILDCARE, PARENTING SUPPORT, AND CLIMATE CHANGE, WHILE ADOPTING A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT (ECD) AND INCREASING FINANCING FOR THE EARLY YEARS. ECDAN PARTNERS PARTICIPATED IN HIGH-LEVEL GLOBAL EVENTS TO RAISE AWARENESS, MOBILIZE ACTION, AND ADVANCE POLICY. JOINT ADVOCACY EFFORTS LED TO A SIGNIFICANT BREAKTHROUGH IN CLIMATE CHANGE WHEN COP28 COMMITTED TO HOLDING AN EXPERT DIALOGUE ON THE DISPROPORTIONATE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CHILDREN AND EXPLORING RELEVANT POLICY SOLUTIONS. THE GLOBAL CHILDCARE CAMPAIGN COLLABORATED WITH GENDER EMPOWERMENT AND LABOR MOVEMENTS TO ELEVATE THE IMPORTANCE OF CHILDCARE AT THE WOMEN DELIVER CONFERENCE. ECDAN ALSO CONTRIBUTED TO THE DRAFTING OF A GLOBAL ROADMAP FOR ACTION ON CARE AND STRENGTHENED RELATIONSHIPS AND COLLABORATION ACROSS SECTORS. ECDAN CONTINUED TO BUILD ON SUCCESSFUL MODELS FOR KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND FACILITATED DISCUSSIONS BY COORDINATING WORKING GROUPS, HOSTING WEBINARS AND EVENTS, PUBLISHING NEWSLETTERS AND PARTNER STORIES, AND ADDING TO THE ECD KNOWLEDGE GATEWAY. ECDAN RECRUITED A THIRD COHORT OF EARLY-CAREER ECD PROFESSIONALS FOR THE KNOWLEDGE FELLOWS PROGRAM. EACH FELLOW CO-CREATED A PROJECT PLAN WITH THE SECRETARIAT AND WAS THEN MATCHED WITH A SEASONED ECD PROFESSIONAL FOR MENTORING, NETWORKING, AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT. THE GLOBAL INITIATIVE TO SUPPORT PARENTS, ONE OF ECDAN'S COLLABORATIVE INITIATIVES, LAUNCHED ITS KNOWLEDGE PLATFORM AND HOSTED THE FIRST ANNUAL GLOBAL PARENTING TOWNHALL TO ALLOW COUNTRIES TO SHARE THEIR WORK, PRIORITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SUCCESS STORIES ON PARENTING AND CAREGIVING. ECDAN WORKED WITH THE HARNESSING GLOBAL DATA FOR YOUNG CHILDREN COALITION TO CO-HOST A HIGH-LEVEL EVENT WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF RWANDA AND OTHERS TO DISCUSS HOW TO MEASURE ECD OUTCOMES AT THE COUNTRY LEVEL FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA. ECDAN ALSO CO-CONVENED MEMBERS OF THE BANGLADESH EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT IN EMERGENCIES WORKING GROUP IN COX'S BAZAR TO DISCUSS SYSTEMS THINKING AS A TOOL FOR STRENGTHENING HUMANITARIAN SYSTEMS AND IMPROVING SUPPORT FOR YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES. IN JUNE, ECDAN BEGAN A SIX-MONTH PARTICIPATORY AND INCLUSIVE PROCESS TO REFRESH ITS STRATEGY FOR THE NEXT FIVE YEARS WITH CONSULTATIONS WITH THE EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP COUNCIL, PARTNERS, AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PATH'S PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) PROGRAM EMPLOYS A COMPREHENSIVE, ONE HEALTH, PEOPLE- AND COMMUNITY-CENTERED PHC MODEL THAT ADDRESSES BROADER DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH (E.G., SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL). WE FOCUS ON INNOVATIVE, EVIDENCE-BASED TOOLS AND APPROACHES TO MEET PEOPLE'S NEEDS AND PREFERENCES ACROSS THEIR LIFETIME. PHC AT PATH IS COMPOSED OF SIX TEAMS(1) MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION; (2) EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT; (3) HEALTH SYSTEMS; (4) HIV, TUBERCULOSIS, AND VIRAL HEPATITIS; (5) NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES; (6) SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH--WHICH ARE DESCRIBED BELOW. (1) MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION TOGETHER WITH PARTNERS AROUND THE WORLD, PATH'S MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION (MNCHN) TEAM DEVELOPS, ADAPTS, AND SCALES UP TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS TO REDUCE ILLNESS AND DEATH AMONG MOTHERS AND CHILDREN AND GIVE CHILDREN THE BEST POSSIBLE START IN LIFE. TO ENSURE OPTIMAL NEWBORN NUTRITION, PATH FOCUSES ON PROMOTING BREASTFEEDING, PROVIDING SPECIALIZED LACTATION SUPPORT FOR MOTHERS OF SMALL AND SICK NEWBORNS, ENSURING THE AVAILABILITY OF SAFE DONOR MILK THROUGH LOCAL HUMAN MILK BANKS, AND ENCOURAGING THE UPTAKE AND USE OF GLOBAL STANDARDS FOR HUMAN MILK BANKING. IN 2023, PATH CONTINUED AS THE COORDINATING BODY TO ADVANCE WHO HUMAN MILK BANKING AND DONOR HUMAN MILK STANDARDS. PATH FACILITATED A VIRTUAL CONVENING OF A GUIDELINE DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND ALSO ISSUED A CALL FOR AUTHORS TO CONDUCT SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS. WHO STANDARDS ARE ANTICIPATED FOR RELEASE IN EARLY 2025. PATH CONTINUED A GLOBAL STUDY ON THE COMPOSITION OF DONOR MILK DURING THE ANALYSIS PERIOD AND PRESENTED THE FINDINGS TO THE HUMAN MILK BANKING ASSOCIATION OF NORTH AMERICA. PATH CONTINUED TO ADVANCE A GLOBAL CURRICULUM ON SPECIALIZED LACTATION SUPPORT FOR MOTHERS OF SMALL AND SICK NEWBORNS, FUNDED BY USAID. RELATED, PATH BEGAN PROVIDING TECHNICAL SUPPORT BY TAILORING THE CURRICULUM WITHIN RESEARCH LED BY ARIADNE LABS AND ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY FOCUSED ON INFANT NUTRITION. IN GHANA, PATH IS LEADING A FOUR-YEAR EFFORTADVANCED NEWBORN CARE IN GHANA: BEYOND MAKING EVERY BABY COUNT INITIATIVE (MEBCI 2.0)TO REDUCE PERINATAL MORTALITY IN FOUR HIGH-VOLUME REFERRAL HOSPITALS: RIDGE HOSPITAL (ALSO KNOWN AS THE GREATER ACCRA REGIONAL HOSPITAL), TEMA GENERAL HOSPITAL, EASTERN REGIONAL HOSPITAL (KOFORIDUA), AND BONO REGIONAL HOSPITAL (SUNYANI). IN COLLABORATION WITH THE GHANA HEALTH SERVICE (GHS), PATH IS FOCUSING ON ADVOCACY, POLICY, AND PROCUREMENT OF LIFESAVING NEONATAL EQUIPMENT TO IMPROVE ADVANCED NEONATAL CARE IN ALL FOUR HOSPITALS. AS PART OF THE INITIATIVE, PATH HAS INSTALLED EQUIPMENT IN FOUR FACILITIES AND TRAINED HOSPITAL STAFF ON ITS PROPER USE. ADDITIONALLY, PATH AND GHS DEVELOPED A COMPREHENSIVE TRAINING MANUAL, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH KYBELE, OUR IMPLEMENTING PARTNER, TO ORIENT NURSES AT ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL CARE DELIVERY POINTS. THE MANUAL WAS ALSO USED TO ORIENT FACILITY AND DISTRICT HEALTH PROMOTION OFFICERS, AS WELL AS REGIONAL NEWBORN CHAMPIONS, ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CONTINUUM OF CARE FOR SMALL AND SICK NEWBORNS.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH ALSO DOCUMENTED FOUR CASE STUDIES ON FREQUENT STAFF ROTATION IN THE FOUR TARGET HOSPITALS. THE DOCUMENT WAS PRESENTED TO GHS TO DEVELOP GUIDELINES TO HELP REGULATE STAFF ROTATION, PARTICULARLY SPECIALIZED STAFF IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS AND MATERNITY WARDS. PATH HAS ALSO TRANSLATED THREE VIDEOS ON THE CARE OF SICK AND SMALL NEWBORNS INTO TWO GHANAIAN LANGUAGES TO ENHANCE EDUCATION AT ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL CLINICS IN THE PROJECT FACILITIES AS WELL AS OTHER NEARBY FACILITIES. THE VIDEOS, ORIGINALLY MADE AND SHARED ONLINE BY GLOBAL HEALTH MEDIA PROJECT, WERE TRANSLATED INTO TWI AND GA LANGUAGES. PATH RESPIRATORY THERAPISTS SUPPORTED AFRICAN HEALTH SUPPLIES TO UNDERTAKE TWO ROUNDS OF TRAINING FOR 30 CLINICAL ENGINEERS AND CRITICAL CARE PROVIDERS IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS OF THE FOUR PROJECT HOSPITALS AND ONE AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL. THEY WERE TRAINED TO USE, MAINTAIN, CLEAN, TROUBLESHOOT, AND FIX MINOR PROBLEMS ON FIREFLY AND COLIBRI PHOTOTHERAPY DEVICES, DOLPHIN CPAP, RADIANT WARMERS, PATIENT MONITORS, AND INCUBATORS. PATH ALSO DEVELOPED VIDEO DOCUMENTATION OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE MEBCI 2.0 PROJECT DEPICTING IMMEDIATE OUTPUTS OF THE INITIATIVE. THE VIDEO INCLUDED PERSPECTIVES FROM HEALTH PROVIDERS IN THE PROJECT FACILITIES, POLICYMAKERS, AND PRIMARY BENEFICIARIES. THE MEBCI 2.0 PROJECT STRENGTHENED GHANA'S NEWBORN CARE SUBCOMMITTEE AND SUPPORTED ORGANIZATION OF THREE MEETINGS IN 2023. DURING THESE MEETINGS, THE NEWBORN CARE POLICY WAS EXAMINED AND A REVIEW WAS PROPOSED. MEBCI 2.0 ALSO SUPPORTED THE ANNUAL NATIONAL NEWBORN HEALTH CONFERENCE IN CAPE COAST IN 2023, IN WHICH OVER 300 HEALTH CARE WORKERS, NEWBORN CARE CHAMPIONS, AND POLICYMAKERS TOOK PART. IN THIS CONFERENCE, EXPERIENCES, INNOVATIONS, CHALLENGES, LESSONS, AND PROJECTIONS IN NEWBORN CARE WERE SHARED, INFORMING PLANS FOR 2024. THE PROJECT ALSO SUPPORTED THE 2023 MATERNAL HEALTH CONFERENCE, DURING WHICH PLANS TO IMPROVE MATERNAL HEALTH AND DELIVERY OUTCOMES WERE MADE. IN COLLABORATION WITH THE GHANA HEALTH SERVICE AND WITH FUNDING FROM THE PFIZER FOUNDATION, PATH CONTINUED IMPLEMENTING THE INTEGRATED ANTENATAL CARE PROJECT IN THE BONO EAST REGION OF GHANA. THE PROJECT AIMS TO AVERT INFECTIOUS DISEASE MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN NEONATES AND MOTHERS BY IMPLEMENTING AN IMPROVED, COMPREHENSIVE INFECTIOUS DISEASE SCREENING PROGRAM DURING PREGNANCY. AS OF DECEMBER 2023, NEARLY 20,000 WOMEN HAVE BEEN SCREENED FOR INFECTIONS, INCLUDING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS. NEARLY 700 HEALTH WORKERS HAVE BEEN TRAINED IN SCREENING AND MANAGING MATERNAL INFECTIONS, WITH A FURTHER 338 HEALTH PROMOTION OFFICERS, COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSES, AND COMMUNITY MOBILIZERS TRAINED IN SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION (SBCC) APPROACHES. MORE THAN 740,000 COMMUNITY MEMBERS WERE REACHED THROUGH COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION, OUTREACH, AND SENSITIZATION ACTIVITIES INCLUDING MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGNS FOR DEMAND CREATION. ADDITIONALLY IN GHANA, BUILDING ON EARLIER WORK AROUND OPTIMIZING THE ANTENATAL CARE PLATFORM, PATH WAS AWARDED NEW FUNDING BY THE PFIZER FOUNDATION IN MAY 2023 TO INVESTIGATE THE FEASIBILITY OF USING THE ANTENATAL CARE PLATFORM FOR THE INTRODUCTION AND SCALE-UP OF ADDITIONAL MATERNAL VACCINES. IN 2023, THE ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED UNDER THIS GRANT RELATED PRIMARILY TO LAYING THE GROUNDWORK FOR FORMATIVE RESEARCH INCLUDING PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT AND PARTNER IDENTIFICATION. IN LAOS, PATH SERVED AS A SHORT-TERM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PARTNER TO JOHN SNOW INC. (JSI) ON A USAID MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH PROJECT OPERATING FROM SEPTEMBER 2021 TO AUGUST 2026 ACROSS FIVE PROVINCES IN THE NORTH, CENTRAL, AND SOUTH REGIONS OF THE COUNTRY. PATH'S CORE TECHNICAL RESPONSIBILITIES FOCUSED ON NEWBORN AND CHILD HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND ECD. LAOS MOH OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS SHIFTED TO ALLOW ONLY ONE IMPLEMENTING PARTNER ON THIS USAID AWARD AND AS A RESULT, PATH'S ROLE WAS UNEXPECTEDLY ELIMINATED. PATH WORKED CLOSELY WITH JSI AND USAID TO ENSURE HIGH-QUALITY CLOSE-OUT OF OUR ROLE IN THIS PROJECT IN 2023. RECOGNIZING THAT NUTRITION IS AFFECTED BY A VARIETY OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, PATH'S NUTRITION TEAM DRIVES NOVEL APPROACHES TO ADDRESS THE MASSIVE BURDEN OF MALNUTRITION IN COMMUNITIES AROUND THE WORLD. TOGETHER WITH PATH'S CLIMATE CHANGE COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE, PATH'S NUTRITION TEAM CONTINUED TO ADVOCATE FOR SUSTAINABLE CLIMATE-FRIENDLY ALTERNATIVES, SUCH AS CULTURED PROTEINS AND EDIBLE INSECTS, INCLUDING INITIATING RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN MADAGASCAR WITH PARTNERS FROM CORNELL UNIVERSITY. WHERE POLICY OR GUIDELINES SUPPORTING FORTIFIED RICE ALREADY EXISTED, PATH CONTINUED ITS WORK WITH GOVERNMENTS, THE PRIVATE SECTOR, THE WORLD FOOD PROGRAM, AND NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) ON ROLLOUT. AS A PARTNER IN THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS PROGRAM, PATH SUPPORTED BIOMARKER DATA COLLECTION INCLUDING BOTH STANDARDIZED, ROUTINE MONITORING OF KEY NUTRITION INDICATORS LIKE STUNTING AND ANEMIA AND INNOVATIONS TO EXPAND BIOMARKER MEASUREMENT IN HOUSEHOLD-BASED SURVEYS CONDUCTED AROUND THE WORLD. (2) EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT (ECD) IN 2023, PATH WORKED WITH A CONSTELLATION OF PARTNERS IN ETHIOPIA, KENYA, AND MOZAMBIQUE TO FACILITATE COLLECTIVE ACTION AT NATIONAL AND SUBNATIONAL LEVELS TO PROMOTE ECD THROUGH ENHANCED PLANNING, COORDINATION, AND RESOURCING, WHILE ALSO TRANSITIONING KEY IMPLEMENTATION WORKSTREAMS TO GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP. PATH ALSO CONDUCTED MULTIPLE ROUNDS OF HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ECD SERVICE DELIVERY. PATH ENGAGED COMMUNITIES, SERVICE PROVIDERS, AND KEY STAKEHOLDERS TO DETERMINE SPECIFIC TOUCHPOINTS AND REFINED SOLUTIONS THAT MAXIMIZE CAREGIVER EXPOSURE TO ECD MESSAGES AND IMPROVE ADOPTION OF KEY BEHAVIORS. ADDITIONALLY, PATH HAS STARTED LANDSCAPING CHILDCARE MODELS IN GHANA THAT STRENGTHEN LINKAGES WITH EXISTING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES. DATA FROM THE LANDSCAPING WILL BE USED TO DESIGN DEMONSTRATION PILOTS. (3) HEALTH SYSTEMS THE HEALTH SYSTEMS TEAM SERVES AS AN ORGANIZING MECHANISM FOR PATH PROJECTS AND INITIATIVES THAT STRENGTHEN HEALTH SYSTEMS AND CONTRIBUTE TO STRONGER PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. BOTH WITHIN PATH AND IN COLLABORATION WITH EXTERNAL PARTNERS, THE TEAM LEADS COMPLEX EVALUATIONS OF HEALTH PROGRAMS, ENGAGES IN IMPLEMENTATION RESEARCH, FACILITATES INTERVENTION SCALE-UP, AND IMPROVES DATA QUALITY AND USE FOR DECISION-MAKING. IN 2023, CONTINUATION OF MAJOR ACTIVITIES INCLUDED (1) LEADERSHIP OF MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING WITHIN USAID'S MOMENTUM ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION TRANSFORMATION AND EQUITY (M-RITE) PORTFOLIO ACROSS SEVERAL COUNTRIES IN AFRICA AND SOUTHEAST ASIA; (2) IMPLEMENTATION OF THE THIRD PHASE OF THE GATES FOUNDATION-SUPPORTED MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITION ASSET TRACKER, INCLUDING THE ADDITION OF EIGHT ASSETS; AND (3) TECHNICAL BACKSTOPPING OF THE SENEGAL COUNTRY PROGRAM IN IMPLEMENTING THE USAID URBAN HEALTH SYSTEM STRENGTHENING PROJECT IN DAKAR. IN 2023, THE HEALTH SYSTEMS TEAM LAUNCHED A NEW FIVE-YEAR LEARNING GRANT FROM THE GATES FOUNDATION: ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION STRENGTHENING IN HIGH-RISK POLIO GEOGRAPHIES (RISP). THIS PROJECT FOCUSED ON DRC, NIGER, PAKISTAN, AND SOMALIA. THROUGHOUT 2023, THE TEAM CONTINUED TO SUPPORT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS, INCLUDING POSITIONING FOR SEVERAL USAID HEALTH SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING (HSS) OPPORTUNITIES ON THE HORIZON IN 2024. (4) HIV, TUBERCULOSIS, AND VIRAL HEPATITIS PATH'S HIV, TUBERCULOSIS (TB), AND VIRAL HEPATITIS TEAM CONTINUED TO FOCUS ON FACILITATING IMPROVED ACCESS, UPTAKE, AND CONTINUITY IN HIV, TB, AND VIRAL HEPATITIS SERVICES BY DEVELOPING AND INTRODUCING NEW HEALTH CARE TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES AND OPTIMIZING SERVICE DELIVERY THROUGH INTEGRATED PEOPLE-CENTERED MODELS OF HEALTH CARE ACROSS AFRICA AND ASIA. PATH KICKED OFF THE HCV COMBINATION PREVENTION IN PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS AND PRISONERS PROJECT (HEPC3P), FUNDED BY UNITAID, TO ADDRESS KEY ACCESS BARRIERS THAT PREVENT THE INTRODUCTION AND SCALE-UP OF HCV PRODUCTS AND INTERVENTIONS WHILE WORKING WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO ACCELERATE UPTAKE OF HCV PREVENTION AND TREATMENT SERVICES. IN ITS FIRST YEAR, PATH AND PARTNERS WORKED TO SET UP A SOLID FOUNDATION FOR RESEARCH, MARKET SHAPING, AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE PROJECT COUNTRIESINDIA, NIGERIA, SOUTH AFRICA, UKRAINE, AND VIETNAM. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS IN 2023 INCLUDED THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-QUALITY RESEARCH PROTOCOLS THROUGH STRONG COLLABORATION WITH AN ESTABLISHED COMMUNITY ADVISORY BOARD, PARTNERS, AND EXTERNAL EXPERTS; SUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATION TO SECURE SIGNIFICANT PRICE REDUCTIONS IN HCV PREVENTION PRODUCTS FOR USE IN THE STUDIES; AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STRONG PARTNERSHIPS AND ENGAGEMENT WITH KEY COUNTRY STAKEHOLDERS TO SECURE SUPPORT FOR THE PROJECT.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	THROUGH THE UNITAID-FUNDED STAR-III PROJECT, PATH WORKED TO SUCCESSFULLY SCALE UP ACCESS TO HIV SELF-TESTING (HIVST) IN INDIA, INDONESIA, AND UGANDA. IN 2023, THE PROJECT PROVIDED DIRECT TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO IN-COUNTRY PARTNERS TO DISTRIBUTE HIVST THROUGH DIVERSIFIED DISTRIBUTION MODELS, INFORMED BY A PROJECT-LED ASSESSMENT AND CO-DESIGN PROCESS. THE PROJECT TEAM ALSO SUPPORTED WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY ASSESSMENTS TO GENERATE MARKET-SHAPING DATA TO INFORM NATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PLANS FOR SUSTAINING HIVST. BY THE END OF THE PROJECT IN AUGUST 2023, PATH HAD SUPPORTED DISTRIBUTION OF MORE THAN 375,000 HIVST KITS ACROSS INDIA, INDONESIA, AND UGANDA. PATH ALSO WORKED TO ADVANCE SELF-TESTING FOR COVID-19 AND HEPATITIS C (HCVST) AS AN EXPANSION OF THE STAR INITIATIVE WITH FUNDING FROM UNITAID. IN BRAZIL, INDIA, AND UGANDA, PATH GENERATED EVIDENCE ON THE ACCEPTABILITY, FEASIBILITY, AND EFFECTIVENESS OF COVID-19 SERVICES AND DELIVERY MODELS. BY THE END OF THE PROJECT IN DECEMBER 2023, PATH HAD SUPPORTED THE ADMINISTRATION OF MORE THAN 59,000 COVID-19 TESTS AND DISSEMINATED VALUABLE INSIGHTS AND LESSONS LEARNED TO COUNTRY STAKEHOLDERS TO INFORM POLICY AND FUTURE PANDEMIC/EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS. PATH IS CONTINUING WORK INTO 2024 UNDER THE STAR INITIATIVE TO TEST AND EVALUATE SUITABLE DELIVERY, DISTRIBUTION, AND LINKAGE MODELS FOR HCVST IN INDIA AND VIETNAM. PATH ALSO LAUNCHED THE CDC GLOBAL TB TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT. AFTER DISCUSSIONS AND CONSULTATIONS WITH CDC TEAMS AND NATIONAL TB PROGRAMS, YEAR ONE ACTIVITIES WERE SELECTED BASED ON FUNDING LEVELS AVAILABLE AND POTENTIAL ACTIVITY IMPACT. ALL ACTIVITIES SELECTED WILL STRENGTHEN TB SCREENING AND CASE FINDING. IN INDIA, EXPAND ELEVATE (E2; ENGAGING LOCAL EXPERTS IN VALIDATING AND ANALYZING TB DATA TO END TB) ACTIVITIES PREVIOUSLY IMPLEMENTED BY SHARE INDIA WERE TRANSITIONED TO PATH. IN TANZANIA, WE WILL ADAPT CLICQ! (CLINIC-LAB INTERFACE CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT), WHICH WAS PREVIOUSLY PILOTED IN NIGERIA AND UGANDA. IN ZAMBIA, THREE ACTIVITIES WERE SELECTED: STRENGTHENING THE HOUSEHOLD CONTACT TRACING MODEL AND EXTENDING IT TO SOCIAL NETWORKS WITH CHILD-FRIENDLY SAMPLE COLLECTION, MAPPING TB HOTSPOTS, AND STRENGTHENING DATA QUALITY AND USE FOR DECISION-MAKING. PATH PROVIDED EXPERTISE TO DISSEMINATE CLINICAL PROJECT ACHIEVEMENTS AND FINDINGS ON TB PREVENTIVE TREATMENT AND DRUG-RESISTANT TB MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN, TAJIKISTAN, AND UZBEKISTAN AT REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL FORUMS, AND STRENGTHENED TB TREATMENT PROVISION IN UZBEKISTAN BY FACILITATING GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL POOLED PLATFORMS FOR TB DRUG PROCUREMENT THROUGH THE GLOBAL DRUG FACILITY. IN TANZANIA, THE USAID-FUNDED INFECTIOUS DISEASE DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE (IDDS) PROJECT SUPPORTED QUALITY MANAGEMENT AT ZONAL LABORATORIES, EQUIPMENT UPGRADES, AND CONNECTIVITY FOR ACCURATE DATA REPORTING. THROUGH PROJECT SUPPORT, 276 GENEXPERT SITES WERE CONNECTED TO GXALERT IN 2023 COMPARED TO 106 PRIOR TO PROJECT START (A 160% INCREASE). ADDITIONALLY, PATH PROVIDED TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TO INTRODUCE THE NEW TRUENAT DIAGNOSTIC METHOD, TRAINING 30 SUPER-USERS AND 50 END USERS AND INSTALLING 30 TRUENAT INSTRUMENTS. PATH CONTINUED TO IMPLEMENT THE USAID-FUNDED SUPPORT TB CONTROL EFFORTS IN UKRAINE (STBCEU) PROJECT, WHICH FOCUSES ON PREVENTION, DETECTION, AND TREATMENT OF TB, DRUG-RESISTANT TB, AND TB/HIV. IN 2023, A TOTAL OF 2,833 PEOPLE WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TB WERE INITIATED ON TREATMENT IN PROJECT-SUPPORTED REGIONS. THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH TB USING DIGITAL ADHERENCE TECHNOLOGIES REACHED 3,733, WITH AN ADHERENCE RATE OF 82% IN 2023. ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES WERE PROVIDED AT NEWLY INTRODUCED HEALTH ACCESS POINTS, INCLUDING 4,878 HYPERTENSION SCREENINGS AND 4,070 POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) SCREENINGS. ADDITIONALLY, PEDIATRIC TB RESOURCE ROOMS WERE ROLLED OUT AT TWO TB CENTERS, REACHING 109 CHILDREN AND 31 PARENTS. STBCEU ALSO COMPLETED FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS TO DESIGN NEW ACTIVITIES FOR MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT. BUILDING ON A HISTORY OF SUPPORTING THE HIV RESPONSE IN UKRAINE, PATH BEGAN OPERATIONS FOR THE PEPFAR/USAID-FUNDED REACH 95 PROJECT. ACTIVITIES INCLUDED DESIGNING BASELINE ASSESSMENT TOOLS, DRAFTING MEMORANDA OF UNDERSTANDING, HOLDING REGIONAL MEETINGS AT PUBLIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES TO SELECT THE FACILITIES THAT WILL RECEIVE PROJECT SUPPORT, AND PROVIDING TARGETED TRAINING SUPPORT ON PROVIDER-INITIATED HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING. WITH FUNDING FROM THE STOP TB PARTNERSHIP'S TB REACH PROGRAM, PATH ALSO BEGAN OPERATIONS IN MYANMAR AND DRC TO TEST INTEGRATED MODELS FOR TB AND OTHER HEALTH SERVICES. IN MYANMAR, PATH BUILT PARTNERSHIPS WITH THE PRIVATE SECTOR TO STRENGTHEN CASE-FINDING PATHWAYS, ENGAGING 168 PRIVATE PROVIDERS WHO STARTED ACTIVELY REFERRING PEOPLE WITH SYMPTOMS OF TB AND PILOTED MODELS TO INTEGRATE TB PREVENTION AND CARE WITH SERVICE DELIVERY FOR DIABETES, HIV, AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES. IN THE DRC, PATH AND A LOCAL PARTNER TRAINED AND EQUIPPED MORE THAN 60 COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS TO PROVIDE DOOR-TO-DOOR INTEGRATED SCREENING FOR TB, DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, AND HIV WITHIN HOUSEHOLDS OF 40 ECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED, PERI-URBAN HEALTH AREAS. IN ONLY TWO MONTHS, TRAINED COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS COUNSELED 10,896 PEOPLE ON TB, NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, AND HIV. OF THOSE, 60% ACCEPTED SCREENINGS FOR TB, 31% FOR HYPERTENSION, AND 23% FOR DIABETES. ADDITIONALLY, 37% OF PEOPLE WITH PRESUMPTIVE TB ACCEPTED HIV SCREENING SERVICES, AND 86% OF THOSE WITH PRESUMPTIVE TB WERE SUCCESSFULLY REFERRED TO LINKED HEALTH FACILITIES. AMONG THE 247 PEOPLE CONFIRMED WITH TB DIAGNOSIS, 92% (228) WERE INITIATED ON TB TREATMENT. UNDER THE PEPFAR/USAID PROGRAM ACTIVITY IN MYANMAR, PATH PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO PROJECT PARTNERS IN TB AND HIV SERVICES. THE AIM WAS TO ACCELERATE TB ELIMINATION EFFORTS AND ADVANCE TOWARD HIV EPIDEMIC CONTROL TARGETS ACROSS FIVE REGIONS AND STATES OF MYANMAR. HIGHLIGHTS FROM 2023 INCLUDED FINALIZING AND ROLLING OUT TRAINING ON THE MINIMAL ESSENTIAL PACKAGE OF EFFECTIVE MESSAGES FOR DRUG-SUSCEPTIBLE TB COUNSELING AND TELE-COUNSELING; ACTIVELY FACILITATING IMPLEMENTATION OF CHEST X-RAY-AIDED TB DETECTION BY DEVELOPING AN OPERATIONS MANUALS AND A CONTEXT-SPECIFIC QUALITY ASSURANCE GUIDE AS WELL AS LAUNCHING A STUDY ON USE OF COMPUTER-AIDED CHEST X-RAY TO SUPPORT TB DETECTION AMONG CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADOLESCENTS; ENCOURAGING PRIVATE-SECTOR ENGAGEMENT (PSE) IN TB PROGRAMMING BY HOLDING A WORKSHOP TO PRIORITIZE AND PLAN ROLLOUT OF PSE INTERVENTIONS FOR TB; SUPPORTING IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENTIATED PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS (PREP) MODELS BY DEVELOPING AND RELEASING AN IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE ON DELIVERING MOBILE AND VIRTUAL PREP SERVICES FOR THE MYANMAR CONTEXT; AND CONDUCTING A FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT TO INFORM RECOMMENDATIONS TO OPTIMIZE PREP AND HIV SELF-TESTING COMMUNICATIONS AND DEMAND-GENERATION CAMPAIGNS. THROUGH THE USAID SUPPORT FOR TECHNICAL EXCELLENCE AND PRIVATE-SECTOR SUSTAINABILITY IN VIETNAM (STEPS) PROJECT, PATH CONTINUED EFFORTS TO FACILITATE MARKET GROWTH FOR PRIVATE-SECTOR HIV GOODS AND SERVICES TO SUPPORT THE GOVERNMENT OF VIETNAM TO ADVANCE TOWARD A SUSTAINABLE RESPONSE TO THE HIV EPIDEMIC. 2023 PROJECT EFFORTS FOCUSED ON STRENGTHENING PSE IN VIETNAM'S HIV RESPONSE BY SUPPORTING THE VIETNAM ADMINISTRATION FOR HIV/AIDS CONTROL TO DEVELOP AND ADOPT THEIR FIRST-EVER NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL (DONG NAI) PSE STRATEGY AND FOSTERING AN ECOSYSTEM OF LOCAL PARTNERS LEVERAGING GLINK ACADEMY, VIETNAM'S FIRST PEER-TO-PEER LEARNING AND INCUBATION MODEL, TO SUPPORT NASCENT KEY-POPULATION-LED COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS WITH THEIR BUSINESS GROWTH. THROUGH GLINK ACADEMY'S SERIES OF BUSINESS INNOVATIVE TALKS, DIGITAL MARKET FORUMS, AND TRAININGS ON BUSINESS STRATEGY AND MARKETING, COMPLEMENTED BY OTHER PROJECT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE EFFORTS, STEPS HAS DIRECTLY SUPPORTED THE LAUNCH OF FIVE KEY-POPULATION-LED/FOCUSED CLINICS AND COMMUNITY PHARMACIES, INCLUDING VIETNAM'S FIRST-EVER TRANSGENDER-OWNED CLINIC. IN INDIA, PATH CONTINUED PROVIDING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAM TO STRENGTHEN THE CONTINUUM OF HIV PREVENTION, CASE-FINDING, AND TREATMENT SERVICES IN MUMBAI AND THREE NORTHEASTERN STATES (MANIPUR, MIZORAM, AND NAGALAND). THE PROJECT SERVES AS A TESTING GROUND FOR PILOTING AND REFINING INTEGRATED, PEOPLE-CENTERED MODELS FOR HIV AND PHC SERVICES, INCLUDING A COMMUNITY-RUN TRANSGENDER HEALTH AND WELLNESS CENTER PROVIDING HIV TESTING AND TREATMENT AND GENDER-AFFIRMING SERVICES; SIX INTEGRATED YOUTH CENTERS CO-LOCATED AT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES OFFERING HIV, SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH (INCLUDING SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS), VIRAL HEPATITIS, MENTAL HEALTH, AND HARM REDUCTION SERVICES FOR STUDENTS AND YOUTH IN NEARBY COMMUNITIES; AND VIRTUAL TESTING-AND-COUNSELING CENTERS PROVIDING FAST-TRACKED HIV CONFIRMATORY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT ENROLLMENT SERVICES TO PEOPLE REACHED ONLINE WITH HIV PREVENTION AND TESTING COUNSELING.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	IN 2023, PATH KENYA CONTINUED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT TO COUNTY GOVERNMENTS, LOCAL IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS, AND 337 HEALTH FACILITIES TO DELIVER A HOLISTIC PACKAGE OF HEALTH AND RELATED SERVICES TO PEOPLE LIVING WITH AND AFFECTED BY HIV, ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE, AND ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN (OVC) AND THEIR HOUSEHOLDS IN SEVEN COUNTIES OF WESTERN KENYA. IN 2023, A TOTAL OF 64,039 OVC WERE PROVIDED WITH A PACKAGE OF TAILORED HEALTH, EDUCATION, ECONOMIC STRENGTHENING, AND SOCIAL PROTECTION SERVICES, WITH 15,175 ACHIEVING RESILIENCE AND GRADUATING FROM THE PROJECT'S OVC PROGRAM. ADDITIONALLY, 43,275 ADOLESCENT GIRLS AND YOUNG WOMEN RECEIVED A COMPREHENSIVE SUITE OF PREVENTION, EDUCATION, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, HEALTH, AND LIFE SKILLS SERVICES, WITH 95% (41,049) COMPLETING HIV AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS. ANOTHER 10,890 ADOLESCENT GIRLS AND YOUNG WOMEN AND PARTNERS OR CONTACTS OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV WERE NEWLY ENROLLED ON HIV PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS TO PREVENT HIV. LASTLY, 89,428 PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV RECEIVED SUPPORT TO REMAIN ON HIV TREATMENT, WITH 71,595 (80%) ACHIEVING VIRAL SUPPRESSION. (5) NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES PATH IS AT THE FOREFRONT OF THE FIGHT AGAINST NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCDS), SUCH AS DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AND MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS WORLDWIDE, WHERE THE BURDEN OF THESE DISEASES IS RISING DISPROPORTIONATELY. IN 2023, PATH CONTINUED TO SERVE AS THE SECRETARIAT OF THE COALITION FOR ACCESS TO NCD MEDICINES AND PRODUCTS. THIS GLOBAL, MULTISECTORAL COLLABORATION WORKS TO INCREASE ACCESS TO NCD MEDICINES AND HEALTH PRODUCTS IN LMICS. IN ADDITION TO GLOBAL ADVOCACY, THE COALITION CONTINUED TO LEAD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A FORECASTING PROGRAM FOR NCD MEDICINES AND PRODUCTS IN GHANA, KENYA, AND UGANDA AND PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO THE DIABETES CAREPAK, A BUNDLING SOLUTION FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH DIABETES. IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES (INCLUDING GHANA, KENYA, MALI, MOZAMBIQUE, RWANDA, SENEGAL, TANZANIA, UGANDA, AND VIETNAM), PATH IMPLEMENTED NCD PROJECTS THAT BUILD STRONGER PHC SYSTEMS, GREATER ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL NCD MEDICINES AND PRODUCTS, AND DATA-DRIVEN DECISION-MAKINGALL CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF HEALTH SYSTEM RESILIENCY. OUR EFFORTS IN GHANA INCLUDED PILOTING THE INTEGRATION OF INSULIN INTO THE VACCINE COLD CHAIN IN ONE DISTRICT. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE GHANA HEALTH SERVICES, WE COMPLETED A FORECASTING INITIATIVE THAT DEMONSTRATED THE GAP BETWEEN THE MEDICINES CURRENTLY PROCURED AND THE FORECASTED NEED FOR THE COUNTRY. PATH'S HEALTHY HEART AFRICA PROJECT CONDUCTED MORE THAN 700,000 BLOOD PRESSURE SCREENINGS AND LINKED THOSE DIAGNOSED TO TREATMENT. THE PROGRAM ALSO EXPANDED FROM HYPERTENSION TO INCLUDE CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. IN KENYA, PATH CLOSED OUT A CUTTING-EDGE PROGRAM THAT ENABLED COMMUNITY AND HOUSEHOLD SCREENINGS FOR HYPERTENSION, REMOTE BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD SUGAR MONITORING, TELEMEDICINE, COMMUNITY-BASED DRUG DELIVERY, AND ENHANCED DATA MANAGEMENT. WE CONTINUED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO SUPPORT NCD NAVIGATOR USE. WE CONTINUED IMPLEMENTING SEVERAL INNOVATIONS TO STRENGTHEN SUPPLY CHAINS, SUCH AS A STOCK TRACKER, AN ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS MODULE FOR NCD FACILITY DATA, AND LAST-MILE DISTRIBUTION. IN 2023, WE LAUNCHED A COMMUNITY SPORT AND HEALTH INITIATIVE IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE IN VIETNAM. THE AIM WAS TO BRING TOGETHER THE SPORT AND HEALTH COMMUNITIES AND INCREASE ACCESS TO HEALTH-ENHANCING COMMUNITY SPORT. ADDITIONAL COUNTRIES WILL LAUNCH THE INITIATIVE IN 2024. IN SENEGAL, TANZANIA, AND RWANDA, PATH IMPLEMENTED THE HEALTHY HEART AFRICA PROJECT FOCUSED ON HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL. TARGETED INITIATIVES WERE IMPLEMENTED IN THE GAMBIA, MOZAMBIQUE, AND ZAMBIA. PATH ALSO CONTINUED TO IMPLEMENT AND EXPAND THE DIABETES CAREPAK IN KENYA, MALI, MOZAMBIQUE, TANZANIA, AND UGANDAAN INNOVATIVE BUNDLING SOLUTION OF THE COMMODITIES NEEDED FOR SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF INSULIN AND DIABETES SELF-CARE. WE CONTINUED A SECONDARY RESEARCH PROJECT ON THE MENTAL HEALTH LANDSCAPE OF 22 COUNTRIES TO OUTLINE THE RESEARCH, POLICIES, AND PRACTICES AROUND MENTAL HEALTH IN A VARIETY OF LOW-, MIDDLE-, AND HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES. FINALLY, PATH LED AND CONTRIBUTED TO CONVENINGS TO RAISE AWARENESS OF NCDS AND ORCHESTRATE ACTION TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO NCD PREVENTION AND CARE. (6) SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PATH'S WORK IN SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH (SRH) IS GUIDED BY THE PRINCIPLES OF CHOICE, EQUITY, AND DIGNITY FOR ALL PEOPLE AND GROUNDED IN AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMPLEX SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND GENDER DIMENSIONS OF SRH THROUGHOUT THE LIFE CYCLE. WE ADVANCE HEALTH SERVICES AND PRODUCTS THAT ARE SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED BY AND FOR WOMEN AND GIRLS. OUR OBJECTIVE IS TO ADDRESS THEIR NEEDS AT EVERY STAGE OF THEIR LIVES, FROM START TO FINISH. WE BELIEVE ALL PEOPLE HAVE THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION, PRODUCTS, AND QUALITY FAMILY PLANNING (FP) SERVICESREGARDLESS OF WHERE THEY LIVE, THEIR AGE, THEIR MARITAL STATUS, OR THEIR WEALTH. WITH ASSISTANCE FROM PATH AND PARTNERS, COUNTRIES HAVE CONTINUED TO ACCELERATE SCALE-UP OF THE SELF-INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVE SUBCUTANEOUS DMPA (DMPA-SC). LED BY PATH IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE CLINTON HEALTH ACCESS INITIATIVE (CHAI), INSUPPLY HEALTH, JHPIEGO, AND JSI, THE INJECTABLES ACCESS COLLABORATIVE IN 2023 PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO 23 COUNTRIES AND COLLECTED DATA FROM 14 COUNTRIES SHOWING MORE THAN 1.7 MILLION CLIENT SELF-INJECTION VISITS SINCE 2018. IN UGANDA, PATH AND THE MOH HAVE IMPLEMENTED GROUNDBREAKING PROGRAMS TO DEMONSTRATE HOW SELF-INJECTION CAN BE OFFERED AT SCALE. AS OF 2023, THE MOH AND PARTNERS HAVE TRAINED 3,500 FACILITY PROVIDERS IN PUBLIC-SECTOR FACILITIES AND INTEGRATED SELF-INJECTION INTO PRESERVICE TRAINING FOR NURSES, MIDWIVES, AND CLINICAL OFFICERS, REACHING MORE THAN 7,000 NEW PROVIDERS. PATH ALSO LAUNCHED A NEW PROJECT IN 2023 TO STRENGTHEN THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR PRIVATE-SECTOR PROVISION OF SRH IN UGANDA. THIS INCLUDES QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SRH SERVICE DELIVERY IN PHARMACIES AND DRUG SHOPS AND DEVELOPMENT OF EQUITABLE AND SUSTAINABLE MARKETS FOR SRH PRODUCTS THROUGH THE PRIVATE-SECTOR CHANNELS THAT MANY ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH PREFER. WE ALSO PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND LEADERSHIP TO DEVELOP, SCALE UP, AND MAINSTREAM EVIDENCE-DRIVEN INNOVATIONS, INCLUDING THOSE RESPONSIVE TO DIVERSE ADOLESCENT AND YOUTH POPULATIONS. IN SENEGAL, PATH PARTNERED WITH HCDEXCHANGE AND YUX DESIGN TO BUILD A FRANCOPHONE WEST AFRICAN NETWORK OF HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN (HCD) PRACTITIONERS TO DEVELOP HCD RESOURCES AND CREATE GLOBAL LINKAGES TO IMPROVE ADOLESCENT AND YOUTH SRH. PATH ALSO COLLABORATED WITH WHO, THE SENEGAL MOH, AND YOUTH-LED ORGANIZATIONS TO DEVELOP A HIGH-IMPACT STRATEGY AND COSTED OPERATIONAL PLAN TO DECREASE EARLY MARRIAGE AND REDUCE UNINTENDED PREGNANCY AMONG MARRIED AND UNMARRIED ADOLESCENTS. IN UGANDA, WE ENGAGED YOUNG WOMEN AND HEALTH WORKERS IN HCD TO STRENGTHEN INTEGRATION OF HIV PREVENTION WITH FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES. AS MANY YOUNG WOMEN WANT TO PREVENT BOTH PREGNANCY AND HIV, INTEGRATED SERVICE DELIVERY HAS THE POTENTIAL TO OFFER MORE HOLISTIC AND CONVENIENT CARE. PATH AND YOUTH THEMSELVES CONDUCTED AN HCD STUDY TO CO-CREATE MODELS OF INTEGRATED SERVICE DELIVERY AND ASSESS THEIR FEASIBILITY, SCALABILITY, AND ACCEPTABILITY. PATH CONTINUES TO BE A LEADER IN THE SELF-CARE MOVEMENT, SUPPORTING INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES WHO CHOOSE TO MANAGE THEIR OWN HEALTH. IN SENEGAL, WE SUPPORT THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH'S LEADERSHIP OF A NATIONAL SELF-CARE NETWORKTHE SELF-CARE PIONEERSTHROUGH THE SELF-CARE TRAILBLAZER GROUP. THESE LOCAL CHAMPIONS DEVELOPED SENEGAL'S SELF-CARE GUIDELINES, AMONG THE FIRST NATIONAL SELF-CARE GUIDELINES IN THE WORLD, AND THE FIRST IN FRANCOPHONE AFRICA. PATH ALSO CONTINUES TO SERVE AS THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SUPPLIES COALITION, A GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP OF MORE THAN 540 PUBLIC AND PRIVATE ENTITIES AND NGOS WORKING TO EXPAND ACCESS TO CRITICAL SRH AND FP SUPPLIES AND SERVICES.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH ADVANCED HEALTH ECONOMICS RESEARCH IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES IN AFRICA AND ASIA AIMED AT INFORMING DECISION-MAKING AROUND RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) PREVENTION, MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION, AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY INTRODUCTION. PATH ALSO PUBLISHED SEVERAL ARTICLES ON THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF RSV AND OTHER ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AMONG INFANTS IN LMICS. WHO AND PATH LAUNCHED A COMMUNICATIONS TOOLKIT TO SUPPORT AWARENESS RAISING AROUND RSV PREVENTION AND NEW PREVENTION PRODUCTS AMONG LMIC STAKEHOLDERS. IN COLLABORATION WITH WHO, PATH ALSO ADVANCED A PREGNANCY REGISTRY LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH ON ANTENATAL CARE TIMING TO INFORM MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION STRATEGIES AND DECISION-MAKING. ADDITIONALLY, PATH UPDATED OUR RSV VACCINE AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY SNAPSHOT, WHICH PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERVENTION PRODUCT LANDSCAPE, AND OUR CLINICAL TRIAL TRACKER, WHICH PROVIDES INFORMATION ON RELATED CLINICAL TRIALS. DRUG DEVELOPMENT THROUGH OUR WORK ON DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INTRODUCTION, PATH HELPS ENSURE THAT PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD, ESPECIALLY CHILDREN IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS, HAVE RELIABLE ACCESS TO LIFESAVING MEDICINES. OVER THE YEARS, OUR WORK HAS ADVANCED SOLUTIONS FOR A RANGE OF URGENT GLOBAL HEALTH CHALLENGES, INCLUDING ENTERIC AND DIARRHEAL DISEASES, NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, HIV/AIDS, AND MALARIA. DRAWING ON AN ENDURING COMMITMENT TO HEALTH EQUITY AND A UNIQUE PARTNERSHIP APPROACH THAT SPANS THE ACADEMIC, PRIVATE, NONPROFIT, AND GOVERNMENT SECTORS, OUR WORK OVERTURNS BARRIERS TO HEALTH AT EVERY STAGE OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND USEFROM EARLY RESEARCH TO INTRODUCTION. THERE ARE NO NOTABLE UPDATES FOR 2023.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	ETHIOPIA IN ETHIOPIA, PATH'S INITIATIVES FOCUS ON STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS THROUGH INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN MALARIA ELIMINATION, IMMUNIZATION, AND VACCINE HESITANCY. COLLABORATING WITH LOCAL PARTNERS, THESE PROGRAMS AIM TO ENHANCE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY, IMPROVE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, AND EXPAND VACCINATION COVERAGE, CONTRIBUTING TO SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN PUBLIC HEALTH OUTCOMES ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THE SURVEILLANCE FOR MALARIA ELIMINATION (S4ME) PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE US PRESIDENT'S MALARIA INITIATIVE (PMI), TRAINED OVER 3,000 HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS AND HEALTH EXTENSION WORKERS IN MALARIA ELIMINATION SURVEILLANCE AND DATA QUALITY. TRAINING OF TRAINERS FOR 161 DISTRICT AND ZONAL MALARIA FOCAL PERSONS FACILITATED THIS CASCADE TRAINING. IN COLLABORATION WITH THE ETHIOPIAN PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE (EPHI) AND HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, THE PROJECT ORGANIZED THE 13TH MALARIA RESEARCH NETWORK OF ETHIOPIA SYMPOSIUM, FEATURING 20 ORAL AND 8 POSTER PRESENTATIONS, ATTENDED BY 150 PARTICIPANTS FROM ACADEMIC AND HEALTH SECTORS. A NATIONAL CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOP ADDRESSED THE EMERGENCE OF THE NEW MALARIA VECTOR, ANOPHELUS STEPHENSI, IN ETHIOPIA, WITH 35 PARTICIPANTS FROM RESEARCH INSTITUTES, UNIVERSITIES, THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH, AND PARTNERS. THE WORKSHOP LED TO A RESOLUTION RECOGNIZING THE VECTOR'S PRESENCE AND THE NEED FOR FURTHER RESEARCH. THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE ACCELERATION PROGRAM PARTNERS INITIATIVE (HAPPI) CONSORTIUM PROJECT, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH (FMOH), REGIONAL HEALTH BUREAUS, AND PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES, SUPPORTED THE SCALE-UP OF THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) VACCINE PROGRAM, AIDING IN THE TRANSITION FROM A TWO-DOSE TO A SINGLE-DOSE REGIMEN AND PLANNING A MULTI-AGE CAMPAIGN. PATH FACILITATED THE PRINTING OF 1.5 MILLION VACCINATION CARDS AND 385,000 TALLY SHEETS FOR THE CAMPAIGN, CONTRIBUTING TO THE GLOBAL EFFORT TO ELIMINATE CERVICAL CANCER. A GAVI TARGETED COUNTRY ASSISTANCE (TCA) PROJECT SUPPORTED THE FMOH IN AFAR, BENISHANGUL GUMUZ, AND SOMALI REGIONS TO ENHANCE IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE, FOCUSING ON ZERO-DOSE AND UNDER-IMMUNIZED CHILDREN AND MISSED COMMUNITIES. PATH FACILITATED IDENTIFICATION AND VACCINATION OF OVER 6,000 ZERO-DOSE OR UNDER-IMMUNIZED CHILDREN. THE GATES FOUNDATION COVID-19 VACCINE HESITANCY IN ETHIOPIA PROJECT TACKLED VACCINE HESITANCY IN ADDIS ABABA AND BAHIR DAR THROUGH DATA-DRIVEN, CULTURALLY SENSITIVE COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, RESULTING IN A 19% INCREASE IN VACCINE UPTAKE. PATH DEVELOPED INCLUSIVE SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES SHARED WITH KEY STAKEHOLDERS. FOR GAVI COVID-19 VACCINE DELIVERY SUPPORT, PATH PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO THE NATIONAL AND REGIONAL EPI TEAMS, FOCUSING ON LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, GOVERNANCE, DEMAND GENERATION, AND DATA QUALITY IMPROVEMENT. THIS INCLUDED MENTORING, SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIG CATCH-UP OPERATIONAL GUIDE TO ADDRESS ZERO-DOSE AND UNDER-IMMUNIZED CHILDREN. THE PAVE/VIVACTION PROJECT PREPARED TO STUDY THE FEASIBILITY OF INTEGRATING NEW RADICAL CURE TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR MANAGING P. VIVAX, INCLUDING TAFENOQUINE AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G6PD) DIAGNOSTICS. IN 2023, PATH SUPPORTED DEVELOPMENT OF A COUNTRY PROTOCOL, WHICH PASSED THROUGH THE NECESSARY ETHICS AND REGULATORY APPROVAL PROCESSES AND WAS APPROVED BY THE ARMAUER HANSEN RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD, NATIONAL RESEARCH ETHICS REVIEW BOARD, WHO, AND THE ETHIOPIAN FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION AUTHORITY. PATH GENERATED NATIONAL LANDSCAPE EVIDENCE, WHICH WAS DISSEMINATED TO STAKEHOLDERS. PATH ALSO LED THE INTEGRATION OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE IN THE MALARIA NATIONAL STRATEGIC PLAN 202426. THE MACEPA PROJECT SUPPORTED MODELING WORK TO IDENTIFY EFFECTIVE VECTOR-CONTROL INTERVENTIONS AND UNDERSTAND THE MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF SEASONAL MIGRANT WORKERS IN THE AMHARA REGION. THE PROJECT ALSO SUPPORTED STANDARDIZATION OF THE MALARIA ROUTINE DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM. GHANA IN GHANA, PATH HAS IMPLEMENTED A VARIETY OF INITIATIVES AIMED AT ENHANCING MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH, AS WELL AS IMPROVING WATER SANITATION, IMMUNIZATION, AND NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE MANAGEMENT. IN COLLABORATION WITH NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS, THESE PROJECTS FOCUS ON POLICY DEVELOPMENT, TRAINING, AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS TO STRENGTHEN HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS AND ADDRESS KEY HEALTH CHALLENGES. PATH EFFORTS TOWARD QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS IN MATERNAL, NEWBORN, AND CHILD HEALTH, AS WELL AS WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE (WASH), INCLUDE: PATH, IN COLLABORATION WITH THE GHANA HEALTH SERVICE (GHS), EVALUATED 18 AQUA RESEARCH STREAM CHLORINE GENERATORS IN 12 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES ACROSS CENTRAL, VOLTA, AND AHAFO REGIONS IN 2023. BASED ON POSITIVE RESULTS, PATH SUPPORTED DEVELOPMENT OF A DISTRICT IMPLEMENTATION AND NATIONAL SCALE-UP PLAN TO INTRODUCE THE TECHNOLOGY MORE WIDELY, AIMING TO STRENGTHEN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE. SELECT WATER QUALITY DATA COLLECTED DURING THIS EVALUATION HIGHLIGHTED THE DUAL USE OF THE AQUA STREAM DEVICE FOR WATER TREATMENT, WHICH WILL BE PILOTED IN 2024. ADDITIONALLY, PATH, GHS, AND THE LOCAL DISTRIBUTOR FOR THE ELLAVI UTERINE BALLOON TAMPONADE (UBT) DEVELOPED A POLICY BRIEF SUBMITTED TO THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO INCLUDE THE DEVICE IN ESSENTIAL MATERNAL HEALTH COMMODITIES AND THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE MEDICINES LIST, CURRENTLY UNDER PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW. PATH SUPPORTED THE NATIONAL NEWBORN CARE COMMITTEE IN ORGANIZING THE ANNUAL NEWBORN CONFERENCE, WHICH GATHERED PARTNERS TO DISCUSS KEY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR POLICY AND PROGRAM INTEGRATION. WITH FUNDING FROM PFIZER, PATH SUPPORTED DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING MANUALS FOR INFECTION CONTROL AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE, TRAINING HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALSESPECIALLY MIDWIVES AND COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSESIN THE BONO EAST REGION. A REAL-TIME APP WAS DEVELOPED TO CAPTURE CLIENT DATA WITH APPROPRIATE FEEDBACK PROVIDED. BY THE END OF 2023, 15,638 PREGNANT WOMEN HAD BEEN ENROLLED, SCREENED, AND TESTED; 156,066 INDIVIDUALS WERE REACHED THROUGH VARIOUS COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES; AND 37 FUNCTIONAL PREGNANCY SCHOOLS WERE ESTABLISHED ACROSS FIVE DISTRICTS. PATH, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH KYBELE INC. AND THROUGH FUNDING FROM CHILDREN'S INVESTMENT FUND FOUNDATION, EQUIPPED FOUR REGIONAL HOSPITAL NICUS WITH NEWBORN EQUIPMENT THROUGH THE BEYOND MAKING EVERY BABY COUNT INITIATIVE (MEBCI 2.0) PROJECT. THE HOSPITALS ARE SUNYANI HOSPITAL, RIDGE HOSPITAL, TEMA HOSPITAL, AND KOFORIDUA HOSPITAL IN BONO, GREATER ACCRA, AND THE EASTERN REGIONS, RESPECTIVELY. OVER 250 HEALTH CARE WORKERS FROM ALL FOUR FACILITIES WERE TRAINED IN EQUIPMENT USE AND MAINTENANCE. THE PATH GHANA MEBCI 2.0 PROJECT, IN COLLABORATION WITH GHS, DEVELOPED A TRAINING MANUAL FOR PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS ON CARING FOR CRITICALLY ILL AND SMALL BABIES, EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION WITH MOTHERS, AND REFERRAL PROTOCOLS. A TOTAL OF 126 PROVIDERS FROM 24 FACILITIES WERE TRAINED, WITH KNOWLEDGE SHARED AMONG PEERS AND COMMUNITIES. PATH CONTINUED ITS EFFORTS TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN GHANA BY TRANSLATING EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS ON CARING FOR SMALL AND SICK NEWBORNS INTO TWO COMMON LOCAL LANGUAGES, ENHANCING ACCESSIBILITY AT HEALTH CARE FACILITIES AND IN COMMUNITIES. IN 2023, PATH MADE SIGNIFICANT STRIDES IN STRENGTHENING GHANA'S IMMUNIZATION AGENDA. PATH FACILITATED THE INTRODUCTION OF HPV VACCINE INTO ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION AND EXPANDED THE USE OF MALARIA VACCINES TO 51 NEW DISTRICTS, REACHING AT LEAST 336,392 CHILDREN. PATH SUPPORTED THE REVIEW OF EPI POLICIES, DEVELOPED MANUALS FOR COVID-19 VACCINATION INTEGRATION, AND ENHANCED VACCINE DATA MANAGEMENT CAPACITY BY TRAINING 83 STAFF FROM 42 DISTRICTS IN THREE REGIONS. THEY ALSO EXPANDED THE USE OF GEO-ENABLED DIGITAL MICROPLANNING. THROUGH THE GAVI CDS AND USAID M-RITE PROJECTS, 143 HEALTH WORKERS FROM 15 NEW DISTRICTS AND 4 NEW REGIONS WERE TRAINED, AND TOGETHER, WITH GHS, ANOTHER 125 HEALTH WORKERS FROM 32 NEW DISTRICTS IN 16 REGIONS WERE TRAINED. PATH SUPPORTED INTRODUCTION OF IMMUNIZATION SERVICE DELIVERY THROUGH COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS. ADDITIONALLY, PATH SUPPORTED THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW VACCINE APPLICATIONS FOR IPV, MALARIA VACCINE EXPANSION, AND MEASLES-RUBELLA AND ASSISTED IN NATIONAL RESPONSES TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND OTHER OUTBREAKS, SUCH AS MARBURG AND LASSA FEVER CONTAINMENT.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH'S EFFORTS IN NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE (NCD) PROGRAMMING FOCUSED ON HYPERTENSION CARE THROUGH THE ASTRAZENECA-FUNDED HEALTHY HEART AFRICA PROGRAM. THROUGH THIS PROJECT, SERVICE DELIVERY WAS IMPROVED IN ASHANTI AND BONO EAST REGIONS BY PROVIDING OVER 350 BLOOD PRESSURE (BP) DEVICES AND TRAINING OVER 200 HEALTH WORKERS ON HYPERTENSION PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. OVER 2.3 MILLION PEOPLE WERE SCREENED, OVER 530,000 WERE FOUND WITH ELEVATED BP, AND 115,000 WERE LINKED TO TREATMENT. THE PROGRAM INTEGRATED HYPERTENSION CARE INTO VARIOUS HEALTH CARE SETTINGS AND CONDUCTED ASSESSMENTS FOR FUTURE EXPANSION INTO CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND DIABETES MANAGEMENT. WITH FUNDING FROM ACCESS ACCELERATED PARTNERSHIP, PATH STRENGTHENED SUPPLY CHAIN LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE IN GHANA. PATH INTRODUCED A FORECASTING TOOL FOR NCD AND MENTAL HEALTH COMMODITIES, TRAINING HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN PROCUREMENT, SUPPLY MANAGEMENT, AND DATA HANDLING. THIS HELPS POLICYMAKERS IDENTIFY GAPS AND PLAN EFFECTIVELY OVER A FIVE-YEAR HORIZON. ADDITIONALLY, PATH CONDUCTED A BASELINE STUDY ON INTEGRATING INSULIN INTO THE COLD CHAIN SYSTEM, DEVELOPING TRAINING MATERIALS AND SUCCESSFULLY PILOTING THE INTERVENTION IN THE GA-WEST MUNICIPAL AREA. THESE EFFORTS AIM TO IMPROVE THE AVAILABILITY OF ESSENTIAL MEDICINES AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH NCDS, WITH FINDINGS GUIDING DECISION-MAKERS ON ENHANCING INSULIN ACCESSIBILITY FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS AT LOWER LEVELS OF CARE. IN 2023, PATH-DIGITAL SQUARE COLLABORATED WITH GHS THROUGH THE DIGITAL INNOVATION IN PANDEMIC CONTROL (DIPC) PROJECT TO ENHANCE GHANA'S DIGITAL HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE. THE PROJECT FOCUSED ON THREE KEY AREAS: ENHANCING THE DHIS2 E-TRACKER TO SERVE AS A NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION SYSTEM, UPDATING E-LEARNING CONTENT TO IMPROVE HEALTH WORKERS' DIGITAL SKILLS, AND SUPPORTING THE INTEROPERABILITY OF DIGITAL IMMUNIZATION TOOLS. THESE EFFORTS AIMED TO CREATE A MORE ROBUST, EFFICIENT, AND INTERCONNECTED DIGITAL HEALTH ECOSYSTEM, PARTICULARLY FOR IMMUNIZATION SERVICES IN GHANA. KENYA USAID NURU YA MTOTO, IN CLOSE COLLABORATION WITH SEVEN COUNTY GOVERNMENTS, SERVED 90,020 ORPHANS AND VULNERABLE CHILDREN BY PROVIDING ESSENTIAL HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL SERVICES. ADDITIONALLY, 21,697 ADOLESCENT GIRLS AND YOUNG WOMEN RECEIVED HIV PREVENTION SERVICES THROUGH THE DREAMS INITIATIVE, AND 91,694 PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV RECEIVED LIFESAVING HIV CARE AND TREATMENT SERVICES. THE GATES FOUNDATION-FUNDED LIVING LABS INITIATIVE SUPPORTED THE NATIONAL VACCINE AND IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM IN ASSESSING AND ADDRESSING THE REASONS FOR LOW DEMAND FOR VACCINES. THE HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN (HCD) ACTIVITY CONDUCTED IN TURKANA, GARISSA, KISUMU, AND KAKAMEGA COUNTIES INVOLVED ENGAGEMENT WITH A DIVERSE GROUP OF USERS, INCLUDING CAREGIVERS, HEALTH CARE WORKERS, COMMUNITY OPINION LEADERS, AND OTHER KEY STAKEHOLDERS. THIS ACTIVITY GENERATED NINE PRIORITY CONCEPTS TO INCREASE DEMAND AMONG TARGET GROUPS. BEYOND THE ACTIVITIES FUNDED BY THE GATES FOUNDATION, LIVING LABS CONTINUED TO SUPPORT INTEGRATION OF HCD IN OTHER PATH PROJECTS INCLUDING SUPPORTING THE REFINEMENT OF THE INTEGRATED EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT WORK IN SIAYA AND HOMABAY COUNTIES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NEWBORN NUTRITION DIGITAL ADAPTATION KIT TO ENHANCE TIMELY SERVICE DELIVERY FOR SMALL AND SICK NEWBORN BABIES AT PUMWANI MATERNITY HOSPITAL. PATH/DIGITAL SQUARE IS SUPPORTING THE KENYA MINISTRY OF HEALTH (MOH) TO ACCELERATE COVID-19 VACCINATION RATES THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS TO THE AVAILABILITY AND USE OF HIGH-QUALITY VACCINATION DATA AND INTEGRATION OF COVID-19 VACCINATION WITH ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION. THIS PROJECT DEVELOPED OPENCHANJO, A FHIR (FAST HEALTHCARE INTEROPERABILITY RESOURCES) NATIVE WEB AND MOBILE APPLICATION THAT FOLLOWS THE WHO SMART GUIDELINES FRAMEWORK. WORKING WITH THE DIRECTORATE OF DIGITAL HEALTH, POLICY, AND RESEARCH TO ROLL OUT THE KENYA DIGITAL HEALTH SUPERHIGHWAY, THIS PROJECT HAS BUILT CAPACITY FOR THE MOH ON CYBERSECURITY, FHIR, AND OPENHIE (OPEN HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGE) STANDARDS. WE HAVE SUPPORTED THE DEVELOPMENT OF FHIR PROFILES FOR KENYA AND THE HEALTH DATA TERMINOLOGY SERVICES. ADDITIONALLY, WE HAVE DEVELOPED A FACILITY DIGITAL READINESS ASSESSMENT TOOL, WHICH IS BEING USED TO ASSESS THE READINESS OF PRIMARY CARE NETWORK FACILITIES (HUB AND SPOKE) FOR DIGITIZATION. THE MALARIA VACCINE IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM, WITH FUNDING FROM GAVI, THE GLOBAL FUND, AND UNITAID, AND IN PARTNERSHIP WITH WHO AND THE MOH, SUPPORTED THE PILOT INTRODUCTION OF THE MALARIA VACCINE IN MALARIA-ENDEMIC PARTS OF KENYA FROM 2016 TO 2023. EXPANSION TO ADDITIONAL AREAS WAS IMPLEMENTED IN 2023 WITH SUPPORT FROM GIVEWELL. THE USAID-FUNDED M-RITE PROJECT WORKED IN TWO KENYAN COUNTIES (VIHIGA AND HOMABAY) AND AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL TO STRENGTHEN ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS. THE AIM WAS TO OVERCOME ENTRENCHED OBSTACLES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO DECLINING IMMUNIZATION RATES AND ADDRESS BARRIERS TO REACHING ZERO-DOSE AND UNDER-IMMUNIZED CHILDREN WITH LIFESAVING VACCINES AND OTHER HEALTH SERVICES. COVID-19 DELIVERY SUPPORT FROM GAVI WAS INITIALLY DEVELOPED TO SUPPORT URGENT GAPS WITH ROLLOUT AND SCALE-UP OF COVID-19 VACCINE. HOWEVER, IT HAS BEEN REPROGRAMMED TO INTEGRATE COVID-19 VACCINES INTO ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION STARTING IN 2023. THE TYPHOID VACCINE ACCELERATION CONSORTIUM (TYVAC), A PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE CENTER FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, THE OXFORD VACCINE GROUP AT OXFORD UNIVERSITY, AND PATH, SUPPORTED DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAVI APPLICATION FOR TYPHOID CONJUGATE VACCINES (TCV) WITH VACCINE INTRODUCTION PLANNED FOR 2025. THE SOURCE (STRENGTHENING OXYGEN UTILIZATION AND RESPIRATORY CARE ECOSYSTEM) PROJECT TRAINED 105 GOVERNMENT BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS IN THE REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF OXYGEN GENERATING SYSTEMS (PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION [PSA] PLANTS) AND OTHER RESPIRATORY CARE EQUIPMENT. IT ALSO TRAINED OFFICIALS FROM SEVEN COUNTIES ON QUANTIFYING THEIR OXYGEN NEEDS. THE SCALE (SCALING ACCESS TO LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT) PROJECT SUPPORTED SEVEN COUNTIES IN TAKING AND ANALYZING INVENTORY DATA OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN ALL THEIR HEALTH FACILITIES AND TRAINED OFFICIALS OF SEVEN COUNTIES ON COMPUTING CAPITAL EXPENDITURE (CAPEX) AND OPERATING EXPENDITURE (OPEX) FOR MEDICAL DEVICES. NEWBORN NUTRITION (AFRICA DIVISION) HAS BEEN ENGAGING VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS AT THE NATIONAL AND SUBNATIONAL LEVEL TO IMPLEMENT A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL FOR NEWBORN NUTRITION DUBBED THE MOTHER BABY FRIENDLY INITIATIVE PLUS MODEL THAT WAS DESIGNED BY PATH AND IMPLEMENTED IN NAIROBI, KENYA, AS A PILOT AT PUMWANI MATERNITY HOSPITAL. AS A RESULT OF THESE ENGAGEMENTS, PATH CONDUCTED A NATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MEETING AT THE REQUEST OF THE MOH TO DISCUSS THE SCALE-UP PLAN TO OTHER FACILITIES WITH MOH AND COUNTY LEADERS. AS A SUBCONTRACTOR TO JHPIEGO FOR THE AMPLI-PPHI (ACCELERATING MEASURABLE PROGRESS AND LEVERAGING INVESTMENTS FOR PPH IMPACT) PROJECT, WE ARE INVOLVED WITH MARKET SHAPING. THIS INCLUDES PREPARING THE MARKET AND STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR KEY DRUGS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE (PPH). IN 2023, THE PATH TEAM HELPED TO DEVELOP THE FORECASTING AND QUANTIFICATION REPORT, WHICH IS NOW BEING USED BY THE KENYAN MEDICAL SUPPLIES AUTHORITY TO INITIATE PROCUREMENT OF 360,000 AMPOULES OF HEAT-STABLE CARBETOCIN AT A NEGOTIATED PRICE. ADDITIONALLY, WE HAVE VALIDATED, FINALIZED, AND DISSEMINATED THE SUPPLY CHAIN ASSESSMENT REPORT WITH THE COUNTY HEALTH LEADERSHIP IN MAKUENI AND NAIROBI COUNTIES. WE ARE NOW EMBARKING ON STRENGTHENING HEALTH SYSTEMS AND ENSURING COMMODITY SECURITY FOR THE KEY DRUGSMISOPROSTOL, TRANEXAMIC ACID, HEAT-STABLE CARBETOCIN, AND OXYTOCINWITHIN THESE TWO COUNTIES. THROUGH ADVOCACY AND POLICY WORK, PATH SUPPORTED THE MOH TO BUILD THE CAPACITY OF 248 PRIMARY CARE NETWORK (PCN) TECHNICAL TRAINERS, ENABLING SCALE-UP OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE (PHC) IMPLEMENTATION EFFORTS ACROSS ALL 47 COUNTIES. PATH ALSO SUPPORTED IMPROVEMENTS IN PHC POLICY AND FINANCING, WHICH WILL BE ADVANCED THROUGH KEY LEGISLATION ENACTED IN 2023: THE PHC ACT, THE FACILITY IMPROVEMENT FINANCING ACT, AND THE SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE ACT. THROUGH PATH'S TECHNICAL SUPPORT, KENYA RATIFIED THE AFRICAN MEDICINES AGENCY (AMA) TREATY, STRENGTHENING REGULATION FOR HEALTH PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGIES. PATH HAS PLAYED A KEY ROLE IN INFORMING THE GOVERNMENT'S LOCAL MANUFACTURING AGENDA, RESULTING IN A PRESIDENTIAL COMMITMENT TO PRODUCING AT LEAST 50% OF HEALTH PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGIES. ACCESS ACCELERATED FUNDED A PROJECT ON NCD CARE AT THE PHC LEVEL IN KENYA. THE PROJECT PROVIDED TECHNICAL AND IMPLEMENTATION SUPPORT FOR THE MOH DIVISION OF NCDS AND ONE HIGH-BURDEN COUNTY. THE GOAL WAS TO ROLL OUT A PATIENT-CENTERED COMPREHENSIVE NCD CARE PROGRAM AT THE PHC LEVEL LEVERAGING TECHNOLOGY. THIS ENTAILED ESTABLISHING AN INTEGRATED PERFORMANCE TRACKING TOOL CALLED THE NCD NAVIGATOR AS WELL AS SUPPORTING CONTINUED IMPLEMENTATION OF THE KENYA STRATEGY FOR NCD PREVENTION AND CONTROL.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH, WITH SUPPORT FROM VARIOUS FUNDERS (IFPMA, NOVO NORDISK, AND ROCHE), APPLIED A HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN WITH HEALTH EXPERTS, PATIENTS WITH DIABETES, AND CAREGIVERS TO DEVELOP A SELF-CARE BUNDLE AS PART OF THE DIABETES CAREPAK PROJECT. THIS PACK IS BEING SCALED UP IN FOUR COUNTRIES IN AFRICA. MALAWI THE MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) PROJECT IN MALAWI FOCUSED ON OPTIMIZING ACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN RURAL AREAS BY EVALUATING HEALTH SURVEILLANCE ASSISTANTS (HSAS) AND DEVELOPING A PLACEMENT MODEL. THIS EVALUATION HIGHLIGHTED TRAINING NEEDS AND GAPS AMONG HSAS. ADDITIONALLY, MACEPA CONDUCTED A MALARIA RISK STRATIFICATION ANALYSIS FOR 2022, IDENTIFYING DISTRICTS WITH THE HIGHEST MALARIA BURDEN TO INFORM 2024 INTERVENTION PLANNING AND MOSQUITO NET DISTRIBUTION. THE GATES FOUNDATION SOURCE PROJECT CONTRIBUTED TO DEVELOPING MEDICAL OXYGEN TREATMENT GUIDELINES AND INDICATORS FOR HEALTH CARE WORKER TRAINING IN MALAWI. IT ALSO CREATED A TOOL FOR BUDGETING AND PLANNING MEDICAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE AND ESTIMATING ANNUAL SPARE PARTS NEEDS. THE GATES FOUNDATION SCALING UP ACCESS TO LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT (SCALE) PROJECT REVISED THE PHYSICAL ASSETS MANAGEMENT POLICY, OUTLINING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR HEALTH ASSETS, AND DEVELOPED A COSTED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN. IT ALSO SUPPORTED THE CREATION OF WORKFLOWS FOR A MEDICAL EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BY EVALUATING USER REQUIREMENTS AND SECURING MOH ADOPTION. MALARIA VACCINE EXPANSION EFFORTS, FUNDED BY GIVEWELL, PROVIDED FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH'S EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION (MOH-EPI) ACROSS 11 DISTRICTS TO BOOST MALARIA VACCINE UPTAKE. THE TYVAC PROJECT FACILITATED THE INTRODUCTION OF THE TYPHOID CONJUGATE VACCINE THROUGH AN INTEGRATED CAMPAIGN IN MAY 2023. PATH SUPPORTED THE MOH-EPI BY DEVELOPING WORKPLANS, TRAINING DOCUMENTS, COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, AND EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS, ENSURING EFFECTIVE DISTRIBUTION AND USE. PATH'S EXPERTISE IN VACCINE INTRODUCTION GARNERED $100,000 IN GAVI FUNDING TO AMPLIFY TYPHOID VACCINE MESSAGES THROUGH COMMUNITY RADIO STATIONS IN GAVI-SUPPORTED DISTRICTS OF CHITIPA, MZIMBA NORTH, MZIMBA SOUTH, KASUNGU, NTCHISI, DOWA, LILONGWE, MCHINJI, AND BLANTYRE. IN DIGITAL HEALTH TRANSFORMATION, PATH SUPPORTED MALAWI'S DIGITAL HEALTH TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP (TWG) AS SECRETARIAT, FACILITATING MEETINGS AND SUPPORTING A TOTAL OF THREE TWGS. PATH HAS SECONDED TWO STAFF MEMBERS TO MALAWI'S DIGITAL HEALTH DIVISION: A TECHNICAL ADVISOR AND A SOFTWARE DEVELOPER. THE ADVISOR COORDINATES MULTIPLE DIGITAL HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, INCLUDING ASSET MANAGEMENT, IMMUNIZATION REGISTRY, LEADERSHIP PROGRAMS, AND UPCOMING SUPPLY CHAIN PROJECTS. BOTH STAFF SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTEROPERABILITY LAYER, FOCUSING ON THE TERMINOLOGY REGISTRY. THIS REGISTRY, A KEY COMPONENT OF THE OPEN HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGE (OPENHIE) FRAMEWORK, STORES STANDARDIZED MEDICAL CONCEPTS TO ENSURE CONSISTENT TERMINOLOGY ACROSS HEALTH SYSTEMS. IT WORKS IN TANDEM WITH OTHER COMPONENTS LIKE THE HEALTH FACILITY REGISTRY AND PRODUCT CATALOG TO FACILITATE SYSTEM-WIDE INTEROPERABILITY. THIS APPROACH DEMONSTRATES PATH'S COMMITMENT TO STRENGTHENING MALAWI'S DIGITAL HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE, ENHANCING SYSTEM EFFICIENCY AND DATA CONSISTENCY. MOZAMBIQUE IN MOZAMBIQUE, PATH, IN COLLABORATION WITH VARIOUS PARTNERS, HAS MADE SIGNIFICANT STRIDES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT (ECD), MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH, DIABETES CARE, AND DISEASE PREVENTION. THESE EFFORTS AIM TO INTEGRATE VITAL HEALTH SERVICES INTO THE NATIONAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, IMPROVING ACCESS AND OUTCOMES FOR DIVERSE POPULATIONS. THE FOLLOWING SUMMARY HIGHLIGHTS THE MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS AND ONGOING EFFORTS IN THESE AREAS: THE CONRAD H. HILTON FOUNDATIONFUNDED EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT (ECD) PROJECT, PARTICULARLY IN PHASES 4 AND 5, SUPPORTED THE COMPLETION OF MOZAMBIQUE'S FIRST SUBNATIONAL MULTISECTORAL ECD ACTION PLAN, WHICH WAS APPROVED BY THE GOVERNOR OF MAPUTO PROVINCE. THIS ECD PROJECT ALSO PILOTED PERINATAL DEPRESSION SCREENING IN MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES; CONDUCTED HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN STUDY FOR ECD INTERVENTIONS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; AND ASSISTED IN INTEGRATING ECD, NUTRITION, AND MATERNAL MENTAL HEALTH INTO NATIONAL POLICIES. THE DIABETES CAREPAK PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE HELMSLEY CHARITABLE TRUST, MAPPED THE CARE JOURNEY OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH DIABETES, CO-CREATED AND PILOTED A DIABETES CAREPAK WITH 50 PEOPLE LIVING WITH DIABETES, AND TRAINED 45 HEALTH PROVIDERS ON CAREPAK DISTRIBUTION AND SUPPORT. COMPLEMENTING THIS WORK, THE ASTRAZENECA HEALTHY HEARTS INITIATIVE ADDRESSED CO-MORBIDITY BETWEEN DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION, TRAINING 17 HEALTH PROFESSIONALS ON IMPROVED SCREENING AND MANAGEMENT AND EQUIPPING FACILITIES WITH BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORS AND EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. PATH'S INVOLVEMENT IN THE DIGITAL COMMUNITY HEALTH INITIATIVE, FUNDED BY THE PRESIDENT'S MALARIA INITIATIVE, FOCUSED ON STRENGTHENING THE GOVERNANCE OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH INFORMATION SUBSYSTEM, INCLUDING DIGITAL HEALTH TOOLS. THIS INCLUDED IMPROVING COLLABORATION BETWEEN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE AND HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEPARTMENTS AND DEVELOPING AN IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE COMMUNITY HEALTH INFORMATION SUBSYSTEM. LASTLY, PATH CONDUCTED THE GLOBAL INSTITUTE FOR DISEASE ELIMINATION CLIMATE CHANGE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORMATIVE STUDY ON THE USE OF CLIMATE DATA FOR HEALTH SYSTEM PREPAREDNESS IN RESPONSE TO INFECTIOUS DISEASE OUTBREAKS. THE PROJECT USED CYCLONE FREDDY, WHICH STRUCK MOZAMBIQUE IN EARLY 2023, AS A TEST CASE. THE RESULTS DEMONSTRATED THAT THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSTITUTE IS MAKING GOOD STRIDES IN PILOTING EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS AND MAINTAINS A CLIMATE AND HEALTH OBSERVATORY, BUT THAT HEALTH SYSTEM ACTORS ARE STILL NOT USING THE INFORMATION FOR TIMELY DECISION-MAKING. THE FINDINGS WERE PRESENTED AT A COP28 WEBINAR, AND A MANUSCRIPT IS CURRENTLY UNDER REVIEW FOR PUBLICATION IN THE JOURNAL OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND HEALTH. SENEGAL IN 2023, PATH SENEGAL CONTINUED TO PLAY A VITAL ROLE IN IMPROVING PUBLIC HEALTH THROUGH A RANGE OF IMPACTFUL PROJECTS. THESE EFFORTS INCLUDED ADVANCING MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION, ENHANCING COMMUNITY HEALTH INITIATIVES, STRENGTHENING OXYGEN AND RESPIRATORY CARE ECOSYSTEMS, AND IMPROVING CHILD ILLNESS MANAGEMENT. BY COLLABORATING WITH LOCAL HEALTH AUTHORITIES AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS, PATH'S WORK IS ESSENTIAL IN BUILDING A RESILIENT HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN SENEGAL, ADDRESSING BOTH INFECTIOUS AND NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, AND ENSURING SUSTAINABLE HEALTH IMPROVEMENTS FOR THE POPULATION. IN 2023, PATH SENEGAL WORKED PRIMARILY ON SIX PROJECTS: MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) IV, COMMUNITY CHAMPION PROJECT, COMMUNITY-BASED TEST AND TREATMENT RESPONSE TO MALARIA, SENEGAL STRENGTHEN OXYGEN UTILISATION AND RESPIRATORY CARE ECOSYSTEMS PROJECT, TOOLS FOR INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESS (TIMCI), AND GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA (GHSA). BELOW ARE HIGHLIGHTS OF WHAT WE ACHIEVED UNDER EACH PROJECT. THE MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) IV FOCUSES ON ADVANCING DATA-DRIVEN, SUBNATIONALLY TAILORED MALARIA INTERVENTIONS AND TRANSITIONING FROM PRIORITIZED ELIMINATION AREAS IN HIGH-BURDEN AFRICAN REGIONS. IN 2023, MACEPA DEVOLVED MALARIA CASE INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES TO THE HEALTH SYSTEM, PROVIDING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE IN CAPACITY-BUILDING, DATA MANAGEMENT, RAPID REPORTING AUDITS, AND MONITORING. CAPACITY-BUILDING ACTIVITIES WERE CONDUCTED ACROSS REGIONS: 18 ACTIVITIES TRAINED 176 INDIVIDUALS IN THE NORTH, 30 ACTIVITIES TRAINED 205 PROVIDERS IN THE CENTRAL-WEST, AND 316 PROVIDERS ALONG WITH 400 COMMUNITY ACTORS WERE TRAINED IN THE SOUTHEAST. THESE EFFORTS ENABLED THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MALARIA CASE INVESTIGATION STRATEGIES DURING LOW TRANSMISSION PERIODS. MACEPA SUPPORTED DATA MANAGEMENT BY AIDING DISTRICTS IN CONFIGURING SMARTPHONES, INSTALLING THE DHIS2 TRACKER APPLICATION, AND MONITORING DATA. THE DATA WERE ANALYZED, DISSEMINATED, AND INCLUDED IN THE NATIONAL PROGRAM TO COMBAT MALARIA'S QUARTERLY REVIEWS. IN 2023, UNDER NATIONAL MALARIA CONTROL PROGRAM (NMCP) SUPERVISION, MACEPA EVALUATED THE PRIOR YEAR'S MALARIA INVESTIGATION ACTIVITIES THROUGH WORKSHOPS IN THIES, FATICK, AND SAINT LOUIS, INVOLVING PARTNERS LIKE PMI, CHEMONICS, WHO, AND UNIVERSIT GASTON BERGER. RECOMMENDATIONS WERE MADE TO IMPROVE ELIMINATION ACTIVITIES. SUPERVISION WAS CONDUCTED IN NORTHERN DISTRICTS AND THREE SAINT LOUIS HOSPITALS. A CENTRAL MACEPA MISSION VISITED REGIONS TO DISCUSS STAFF STATUS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, THE USE OF UNITS MIXTES DE COORDINATION AVANCE (JOINT ADVANCED COORDINATION UNITS), AND FUTURE COLLABORATION PROSPECTS.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	IN 2023, PATH DEVELOPED AND SHARED THE PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN FOR THE COMMUNITY CHAMPION PROJECT, HELD A HARMONIZATION MEETING WITH SODEFITEX, AND LAUNCHED THE PROJECT WITH A WORKSHOP. WE TRAINED SUPERVISORS, REGIONAL AND DISTRICT MANAGEMENT TEAMS, AND COMMUNITY CHAMPIONS, UPDATED PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS, IMPLEMENTED ACTIVITIES, AND MONITORED DATA QUALITY IN THE DHIS2 TRACKER. JOINT SUPERVISION OF STAKEHOLDERS WAS ORGANIZED, AND PROJECT DOCUMENTATION WAS INITIATED BY THE COMMUNICATIONS MANAGER. COMMUNITY CHAMPIONS CONDUCTED 3,723 HOME VISITS AND 635 TALKS, REACHING 26,979 PEOPLE16,482 THROUGH HOME VISITS AND 10,497 THROUGH TALKSON PREVENTING THE PROJECT'S FOUR TARGET ENDEMICS. ADDITIONALLY, 179 ADVOCACY AND 109 COMMUNITY DIALOGUES WERE HELD ACROSS ALL DISTRICTS OF THE TAMBACOUNDA REGION. THE YEAR 2023 CONSTITUTED THE FULL YEAR OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY-BASED TEST-AND-TREAT RESPONSE TO MALARIA, FUNDED BY WHO. WE ORGANIZED WEEKLY RESPONSE OUTINGS IN THE HOTSPOT VILLAGES OF THE INTERVENTION POSTS. WE HAD WEEKLY SUPERVISION OF HEAD NURSES AND MONTHLY SUPERVISION OF THE DISTRICT MANAGEMENT TEAM. WE ORGANIZED MONTHLY COORDINATION MEETINGS AT HEALTH POST LEVEL AND QUARTERLY SUPERVISION FROM THE CENTRAL LEVEL. WE CONDUCTED BI-WEEKLY VIRTUAL MONITORING MEETINGS OF PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS. IN RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE PROLIFERATION OF NATIONAL OXYGEN STRATEGIC PLANS, PATH COLLABORATED WITH THE SENEGAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO CONDUCT A BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT SURVEY IN HEALTH FACILITIES FROM NOVEMBER TO DECEMBER 2023. THIS SURVEY, INVOLVING MULTIPLE PARTNERS, PROVIDED A BASELINE OF OXYGEN DEVICE INVENTORIES AND IDENTIFIED GAPS IN SUPPLY. PATH VISITED 110 HEALTH FACILITIES IN 14 REGIONS AND OUTLINED SHORTCOMINGS THAT COULD HINDER OXYGEN SCALE-UP. THESE FINDINGS ARE INTEGRATED INTO THE SENEGAL OXYGEN ROADMAP, WITH DEMAND QUANTIFICATION AND FINAL ROADMAP DEVELOPMENT SUPPORTED BY UNICEF. TO ADDRESS THE LACK OF OXYGENOTHERAPY TRAINING HIGHLIGHTED BY THE SURVEY, PATH PLANS TO TRAIN PEDIATRICIANS, DOCTORS, MIDWIVES, NURSES, AND NEONATAL UNIT HEADS ON OXYGENOTHERAPY AT THE CHILD AND MATERNAL HEALTH CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN CHEIKH ANTA DIOP UNIVERSITY, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH ALBERT ROYER CHILDREN HOSPITAL, IN MAY AND JUNE 2024. THE ELMA FOUNDATIONFUNDED SIMULATION AND MAINTENANCE LABORATORY IS NOW FULLY FUNCTIONAL, OFFERING REGULAR TRAINING FOR HEALTH WORKERS, BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS, AND EXPERTS ON MAINTENANCE, ELECTRICITY NORMS, STANDARDS, AND RISK MANAGEMENT. FUTURE TRAINING PLANS INCLUDE ELECTRICAL CERTIFICATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH NFC 18-510, FIRE SAFETY TRAINING FOR AUDITORS, AND LOW VOLTAGE STANDARDS. PATH CONTINUES TO ADVOCATE FOR THE INCLUSION OF OXYGEN THERAPY TRAINING AT THE CENTER OF EXCELLENCE AND ALBERT ROYER CHILDREN HOSPITAL TO ENHANCE HEALTH CARE WORKERS' SKILLS IN REDUCING HYPOXEMIA AND NEONATAL MORTALITY. IN 2023, WE LEARNED THAT GATES FOUNDATION ANCHOR INVESTMENTS, SUCH AS SOURCE, ARE CATALYTIC IN ENABLING MINISTRIES OF HEALTH TO ENGAGE BROADER PARTNERS FOR CO-INVESTMENT, INCLUDING USAID (VIA FHI360), THE WORLD BANK, AND THE GLOBAL FUND, TO SUSTAIN GATES FOUNDATION ACHIEVEMENTS. DESPITE POLITICAL UNREST AND A TWO-YEAR HEALTH WORKER STRIKE IN SENEGAL, PATH REMAINED PROACTIVE AND ADAPTABLE, FINALIZING SUPPORT TO THE NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASE (NTD) PROGRAM. THIS INCLUDED PILOT TRAINING ON NTD PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY CHAIN GUIDELINES, DEVELOPED EARLIER BY ACCESS DELIVERY AND PARTNERSHIP (ADP) FUNDED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF JAPAN. ADP WAS IMPLEMENTED BY A CONSORTIUM INCLUDING THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, WHO, PATH, AND TDR/OMS. PATH WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SUPPLY CHAIN STRENGTHENING. WE TRAINED 400 HEALTH WORKERS AND 6,438 AGENTS ON DRUG MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION, WITH DRUG WASTE AT 1% OR LESS AND HIGH COVERAGE TARGETS ACHIEVED (73% FOR FILARIOSIS AND 82% FOR SCHISTO-GEOHELMINTHIASIS). THE TRAINING ALSO PREPARED FOR PEDIATRIC PRAZIQUANTEL ROLLOUT IN SENEGAL. THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH COORDINATED A PREPARATORY MEETING ON RTS,S/R21 VACCINE INTRODUCTION, STRATEGIZING FOR PEDIATRIC MALARIA VACCINE ROLLOUT. WE ALSO PARTICIPATED IN THE RTS,S/R21 PLANNING MEETING IN GUINEA. MEETINGS WITH THE DIRECTORATE OF DISEASE CONTROL, THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEM, AND THE NATIONAL REGULATORY AUTHORITY'S PHARMACOVIGILANCE DEPARTMENT DISCUSSED USING MEDSAFETY FOR PEDIATRIC PRAZIQUANTEL DISTRIBUTION DUE TO ITS INTERACTIVITY WITH THE VIGIFLOW APP. FUTURE MEETINGS WITH THE SPECIAL UNITED NATIONS PROGRAM FOR RESEARCH AND OTHER COUNTRIES USING THE APP ARE PLANNED FOR EXPERIENCE SHARING AND SUPPORT. TOOLS FOR INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESS (TIMCI) IS A GLOBAL PROJECT FUNDED BY UNITAID AIMED AT ENHANCING THE DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE WORKERS. THE PROJECT EQUIPS WORKERS WITH PULSE OXIMETRY (POX) AND ELECTRONIC CLINICAL DECISION-SUPPORT ALGORITHMS (ECDSA) AND PROMOTES THE DEVELOPMENT OF NON-INVASIVE DEVICES THAT MEASURE ADDITIONAL VITAL SIGNS. LAUNCHED IN 2019 AND SCHEDULED TO CONCLUDE IN JUNE 2024, TIMCI IS IMPLEMENTED IN INDIA, KENYA, SENEGAL, AND TANZANIA. IN SENEGAL, TIMCI IS ACTIVE IN 60 HEALTH POSTS ACROSS FIVE DISTRICTS IN THE THIES REGION, MANAGED BY A CONSORTIUM INCLUDING THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH, PATH, SWISS TPH, AND UNIVERSIT CHEIKH ANTA DIOP. IN 2023, THE PROJECT PROVIDED SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION, ON-SITE COACHING, AND SUPPORT FOR ESSENTIAL DRUG AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLY, ALONG WITH COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES. RESEARCH CONTINUED IN 20 OF THE 60 PILOT SITES, AND A HYBRID STUDY TO TEST MULTIMODAL PULSE OXIMETER DEVICES WAS INITIATED IN TWO SITES. THE GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA (GHSA), A FIVE-YEAR PROJECT FUNDED BY THE US CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC), BEGAN IN 2015 TO STRENGTHEN PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEMS IN COUNTRIES INCLUDING SENEGAL. PATH SENEGAL'S CONTRIBUTION TO GHSA ENCOMPASSES SIX KEY AREAS: PRIORITY DISEASE SURVEILLANCE, LABORATORY NETWORK STRENGTHENING, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENHANCEMENT, VACCINATION, AND BIOSAFETY/BIOSECURITY. THESE ACTIVITIES ARE IMPLEMENTED IN PARTNERSHIP WITH VARIOUS DIRECTORATES OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL ACTION. (A) STRENGTHENING THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM: PATH SUPPORTED THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL ACTION IN IMPLEMENTING AND SCALING THE DHIS2 TRACKER TO ENHANCE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE FOR COVID-19 AND OTHER PRIORITY DISEASES IN SENEGAL. DEPLOYED IN 76 HEALTH DISTRICTS, TRAINED 152 DATA MANAGERS AND 10 OUTBREAK TREATMENT CENTER WORKERS, IMPROVING DATA COLLECTION, REPORTING, AND INTEROPERABILITY WITH LABORATORY RESULTS FOR A UNIFIED SURVEILLANCE PLATFORM. PATH ORGANIZED WORKSHOPS TO DEVELOP STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR CASE-BY-CASE REPORTING AND MONITORING. SUPPORT INCLUDED SETTING UP THE DP'S SERVER AND COORDINATING QUARTERLY SURVEILLANCE TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP MEETINGS WITH THE DP AND THE HEALTH AND SOCIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM DIVISION (DSISS). PATH ALSO SUPERVISED STAFF IN DAKAR'S 20 MOST AFFECTED HEALTH DISTRICTS FOR COVID-19 DATA UPDATES AND ADAPTED DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE (AQD) TOOLS FOR THE DHIS2 TRACKER. A NOTABLE ACHIEVEMENT WAS DEVELOPING THE DHIS2 TRACKER FOR PRIORITY DISEASES, ENABLING CASE-BASED SURVEILLANCE AND STORING LABORATORY RESULTS IN THE SAME DATABASE. A NATIONAL-LEVEL TASK FORCE WAS ESTABLISHED TO TRAIN ALL HEALTH STRUCTURES IN SENEGAL. FOLLOWING A PILOT PHASE IN KAOLACK, SURVEILLANCE FOCAL POINTS (SFPS) FROM VARIOUS DISTRICTS WERE TRAINED ON NOTIFIABLE DISEASES VIA THE DHIS2 TRACKER, WITH 201 SFPS IN 46 DISTRICTS ACROSS 10 REGIONS TRAINED THIS YEAR, SETTING UP A CASE-BASED SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM AT THE CENTRAL LEVEL. (B) STRENGTHENING THE LABORATORY NETWORK: PATH SUPPORTED THE DIRECTORATE OF LABORATORIES (DL) IN IMPLEMENTING LABBOOK V3.0 IN VARIOUS LABORATORIES, INCLUDING THIAROYE NATIONAL HEALTH CENTER; REGIONAL HOSPITALS IN ZIGUINCHOR, THIS, FATICK, OUROSSOGUI, NDIOUM, AND KEDOUGOU; AND HEALTH CENTERS IN KHOMBOLE, THIS, AND PASSY. SUPERVISION ENSURED PROPER USE OF PATIENT DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE, WITH POSITIVE FEEDBACK ON THE SPEED AND ACCURACY OF ANALYSES. ALL LABORATORY STAFF RECEIVED TRAINING IN BEST PRACTICES FOR DATA MANAGEMENT. PATH ALSO ASSISTED THE DL IN UPDATING AND ANALYZING LABORATORY MAPPING DATA FOR HUMAN RESOURCES AND EQUIPMENT ADVOCACY. DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM LABORATORIES IN DAKAR, THIS, KEDOUGOU, SDHIOU, LOUGA, TAMBACOUNDA, FATICK, KOLDA, MATAM, KAFFRINE, DIOURBEL, SAINT LOUIS, AND ZIGUINCHOR. THIS INITIATIVE AIMED TO PROVIDE ACCESSIBLE LABORATORY SERVICES ACROSS ALL LEVELS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM, ENSURING PATIENTS RECEIVE TIMELY AND INFORMED CARE. PATH'S SUPPORT ENABLED THE DL TO CREATE A NATIONAL PLATFORM FOR LABORATORY SERVICES INFORMATION.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	(C) STRENGTHENING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE: PATH SUPPORTED THE DIRECTORATE OF LABORATORIES IN QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE (AMR) DATA IN DHIS2. IN MAY 2022, A WORKSHOP WAS HELD TO PRESENT THE ANALYSIS OF AMR DATA COLLECTED BETWEEN 2016 AND 2020. RECOMMENDATIONS INCLUDED UPDATING THE DHIS2 PLATFORM TO MONITOR TARGETED BACTERIA, IMPROVING DATA MANAGEMENT FOR BACTERIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE, AND ALLOWING DETAILED ENTRY OF BACTERIA IDENTITIES. ANOTHER WORKSHOP IN AUGUST 2022 DISCUSSED THE VALIDITY OF RESULTS AND PROVIDED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING AMR DATA COLLECTION, SHARING, AND PERFORMANCE ACTION PLANS. SOUTH AFRICA IN 2023, PATH'S ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICY TEAM CONTINUED TO DRIVE SUSTAINABLE POLICY CHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICA. THE TEAM PARTICIPATED IN COALITIONS LIKE THE SOUTH AFRICAN HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES ADVOCACY COALITION (SAHTAC), PROVIDING STRATEGIC INPUT AND TECHNICAL EVIDENCE TO ACHIEVE SHARED GOALS. ANOTHER MILESTONE WAS THE DESIGNATION OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN HEALTH PRODUCTS REGULATORY AUTHORITY (SAHPRA) AS A REGIONAL CENTRE OF REGULATORY EXCELLENCE FOR VACCINE REGULATORY OVERSIGHT FOR A FOUR-YEAR PERIOD. PATH FACILITATED THIS BY ALERTING SAHPRA TO THE OPPORTUNITY AND CONNECTING THEM WITH THE PRIVATE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT TO GARNER POLITICAL SUPPORT FOR SOUTH AFRICA HOSTING THE REGIONAL CENTRE OF REGULATORY EXCELLENCE (RCORE). IN JUNE 2023, PATH LEVERAGED THE AFRICA HEALTH EXCON TO ENGAGE HIGH-PROFILE DECISION-MAKERS, PROVIDING TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TO SHAPE THE EVENT'S AGENDA FOR THE THREE-DAY PUBLIC HEALTH TRACK. THIS PLATFORM ENABLED US TO PROGRESS THE CONVERSATION ON REGULATORY SYSTEMS STRENGTHENING, ADVOCATE FOR THE RATIFICATION AND OPERATIONALIZATION OF THE AFRICAN MEDICINES AGENCY (AMA), CREATE INCREASED VISIBILITY FOR THE MANUFACTURING PRINCIPLES, AND GATHER SUPPORT FOR FUNDING TOWARD THE AFRICAN UNION (AU) EPIDEMIC FUND. PATH SUPPORTED THE DRAFTING OF A CALL TO ACTION TO ENSURE ALIGNMENT WITH GLOBAL AND REGIONAL COMMITMENTS AND POLICY EFFORTS. THIS DIRECTLY INFLUENCED PRESIDENT RAMAPHOSA'S REMARKS TO AFRICAN HEADS OF STATE AT THE AU MID-TERM SUMMIT IN JULY 2023. PATH CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES MASTERPLAN THROUGH VARIOUS TECHNICAL WORKING GROUPS, SHARING MANUFACTURING LANDSCAPES TO ENSURE THE PLAN IS GROUNDED IN CURRENT MARKET REALITIES. PATH DRAFTED A JOINT WORKPLAN WITH THE MEDICAL DEVICE AND DIAGNOSTIC INNOVATION CLUSTER (MEDDIC), WHICH LEADS THE WORKING GROUP FOR CREATING AN ENABLING ECOSYSTEM, AND PROVIDED FEEDBACK TO THE DEPARTMENT OF TRADE, INDUSTRY AND COMPETITION REPRESENTATIVE ON THE DRAFT POLICY. IN PARTICULAR, WE SHARED MANUFACTURING LANDSCAPES PRODUCED BY PATH'S DIAGNOSTICS AND VACCINES TEAMS TO ENSURE THE PLAN IS GROUNDED IN CURRENT MARKET REALITIES. WHILE THIS WORK SLOWED IN 2023 DUE TO COMPETING GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES, PATH CONTINUES TO ENGAGE WITH KEY STAKEHOLDERS. PATH EXPANDED ITS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE PRIVATE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT (POP) IN SOUTH AFRICA, SUPPORTING PRESIDENT RAMAPHOSA'S ADVOCACY FOR LOCAL MANUFACTURING, PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS, AND EQUITABLE ACCESS TO HEALTH PRODUCTS. THIS SUPPORT INCLUDED DRAFTING MATERIALS FOR HIGH-LEVEL EVENTS LIKE THE UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY (UNGA) AND G20. PERHAPS MOST NOTABLY, AT THE UNGA, AT THE REQUEST OF THE POP, WE PROVIDED FINANCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT TO HOST A HIGH-LEVEL SIDE EVENT, "ADVANCING PANDEMIC PREVENTION, PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE: A FOCUS ON LOCAL MANUFACTURE OF HEALTH PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN AFRICA," WHICH WAS ATTENDED BY AROUND 250 PEOPLE INCLUDING PRESIDENT RAMAPHOSA, THE AUC CHAIRPERSON, THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF AFRICA CDC, US ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS, AND MINISTERS FROM SEVERAL AU MEMBER STATES. WE ALSO SUPPORTED THE POP'S ENGAGEMENT AT THE BRICS SUMMIT, NAMELY IN A SESSION ORGANIZED WITH AFRICA CDC, AFRICA HEALTH BUSINESS, AND THE SOUTH AFRICAN CHAPTER OF THE BRICS BUSINESS COUNCIL, WHERE PARTICIPANTS DELIBERATED ON THE POTENTIAL AU AND BRICS FRAMEWORK OF COOPERATION FOR PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS, PREVENTION, RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY (3P2R). FINALLY, WE SUPPORTED THE POP'S ENGAGEMENT AT THE 18TH HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT SUMMIT OF THE G20. THIS SUMMIT IN 2023 WAS A SIGNIFICANT MILESTONE AS THREE BRICS FOUNDING MEMBERSINDIA (2023), BRAZIL (2024), AND SOUTH AFRICA (2025)FORMED THE "GLOBAL SOUTH" G-20 TROIKA. PATH SUPPORTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC AGENDA DOCUMENTS THAT THE PRESIDENT USED TO RALLY SUPPORT FROM THE G20 AND TROIKA TO STRENGTHEN HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR 3P2R. TANZANIA PATH HAS BEEN INSTRUMENTAL IN ADVANCING VARIOUS HEALTH INITIATIVES IN TANZANIA, FOCUSING ON DIGITAL HEALTH, DATA USE, AND SYSTEM STRENGTHENING ACROSS MULTIPLE PROJECTS. THE DATA USE PARTNERSHIP (DUP), FUNDED BY THE GATES FOUNDATION, SUPPORTED THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CENTRE FOR DIGITAL HEALTH, WHICH AIMS TO INTEGRATE DIGITAL HEALTH INTERVENTIONS ACROSS ALL LEVELS OF THE HEALTH SYSTEM. CONCURRENTLY, THE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM STRENGTHENING INITIATIVE FOR HIV AND TB IMPLEMENTED A BIOMETRIC FINGERPRINT MODEL AT 2,415 SITES, IDENTIFYING NEARLY 869,611 UNIQUE AND DUPLICATE CLIENTS, WHILE ALSO IMPROVING HEALTH FACILITY REGISTRATION AND TRAINING HEALTH CARE WORKERS ON DIGITAL SYSTEMS. THE CENTRE OF DIGITAL AND DATA EXCELLENCE (CODE) PROJECT COLLABORATED WITH THE TANZANIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A UNIFIED COMMUNITY SYSTEM IN 21 REGIONS. THIS INITIATIVE ALSO SUPPORTED THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH INFORMATION MEDIATORS IN BOTH TANZANIA AND ZANZIBAR, IMPROVING DATA EXCHANGE AND QUALITY ACROSS HEALTH SYSTEMS. PATH'S WORK IN IMMUNIZATION WAS BOLSTERED BY THE GAVI-TCA FUNDED PROJECT, WHICH ENHANCED THE ELECTRONIC IMMUNIZATION SYSTEM, INCLUDING THE TANZANIA ELECTRONIC IMMUNIZATION REGISTRY. THIS PROJECT PROVIDED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO 184 DISTRICTS AND ASSISTED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIGITAL IMMUNIZATION CAMPAIGN SYSTEM. THE USAID-FUNDED INFECTIOUS DISEASE DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE (IDDS) PROJECT IMPROVED AMR AWARENESS, SPECIMEN REFERRAL, AND TUBERCULOSIS (TB) TESTING CAPABILITIES. IT SUPPORTED THE REVIEW OF THE NATIONAL AMR SURVEILLANCE FRAMEWORK AND TRAINED LABORATORY STAFF ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PEDIATRIC TB TESTING. THE TOOLS FOR INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES (TIMCI) PROJECT ACCELERATED THE ADOPTION OF TOOLS TO IDENTIFY SEVERE ILLNESS IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE, PROVIDING APPROPRIATE MANAGEMENT TO OVER 59,000 CHILDREN THROUGH CLINICAL DECISION-SUPPORT ALGORITHMS. THE DIABETES CAREPAK PROJECT INTRODUCED AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION TO ENHANCE ACCESS TO NECESSARY PRODUCTS AND INFORMATION FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES. A STUDY OF 50 INDIVIDUALS USING THE CAREPAK PROTOTYPE SHOWED HIGH ACCEPTANCE AND USAGE, WITH A MEAN REDUCTION IN HBA1C LEVELS. LASTLY, THE STRENGTHENING OXYGEN UTILIZATION AND RESPIRATORY CARE ECOSYSTEMS (SOURCE) PROJECT AIMED TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY MEDICAL OXYGEN SERVICES ACROSS TANZANIA'S HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. THIS INITIATIVE INCLUDED TRAINING ON MEDICAL EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT, PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A MEDICAL EQUIPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM. THESE DIVERSE PROJECTS DEMONSTRATE PATH'S COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO IMPROVING HEALTH SYSTEMS AND OUTCOMES IN TANZANIA, WITH A STRONG FOCUS ON LEVERAGING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND DATA-DRIVEN SOLUTIONS. UGANDA IN 2023, PATH'S ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICY PROJECT IN UGANDA ADVANCED THE TRANSITION OF MUCH OF THE NATIONAL-LEVEL ADVOCACY WORK TO LOCALLY LED ORGANIZATIONS, BUILDING ON THE APPROVED TRANSITION MODEL AND DOCUMENTING LESSONS LEARNED ON ENABLERS FOR SUCCESSFUL TRANSITIONS. FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL CAPACITY STRENGTHENING IN EARLY 2023, INCLUDING THE TRAINING OF A COHORT OF 15 TRAINERS TO CASCADE PATH'S ADVOCACY STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT APPROACH AND ONGOING MENTORSHIP, WE CONTINUED TO WITNESS EVIDENCE OF GROWTH FROM THE REPRODUCTIVE, MATERNAL, NEWBORN, ADOLESCENT, AND CHILD HEALTH (RMNACH) PLATFORM, THE PHC THINK TANK, THE MEDICAL OXYGEN COALITION, AND THE IMMUNIZATION PARTNERS WORKING GROUP. THIS GROWTH INCLUDED STRONG COORDINATION THAT ENABLED THEM TO INFLUENCE KEY POLICY PROCESSES.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH SUPPORTED THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION STRATEGY THAT WE HELPED DEVELOP IN PREVIOUS YEARS AND CONDUCTED A NONPARTISAN ANALYSIS OF THE UGANDA PUBLIC HEALTH (AMENDMENT) ACT 2022 AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE COUNTRY'S IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM. THIS ANALYSIS WAS SHARED WITH THE UGANDA NATIONAL EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION (UNEPI) TO INFORM ITS PROGRAMMING, AND WITH UGANDA'S PARLIAMENTARY HEALTH COMMITTEE. PATH ALSO PROVIDED SUPPORT TO THE MOH TO UPDATE NATIONAL CHOLERA POLICIES. WE HELD SUCCESSFUL WORKSHOPS TO DEVELOP DRAFT STRATEGIC PLANS. IN UGANDA, PATH SUPPORTED THE GOVERNMENT IN UPDATING KEY EXISTING BUT OUTDATED POLICIES FOR MNCH AND MEDICAL OXYGEN. A KEY WIN AND VALIDATION OF OUR APPROACH WAS THE FINALIZATION AND LAUNCH OF UGANDA'S REVISED REPRODUCTIVE MATERNAL NEWBORN CHILD ADOLESCENT & HEALTHY AGING AND NUTRITION SHARPENED PLAN 2021/222025/26. SIMILARLY, PATH PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE MOH TO UPDATE THE EXPIRED NATIONAL MEDICAL OXYGEN SCALE-UP PLAN. BUILDING ON WORK DONE IN 2022 TO DRAFT THE NEW ITERATION OF THE PLAN, WE WORKED TO ENSURE THE PLAN HAS ADEQUATE STRATEGIES FOR STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND INCLUDES ESTABLISHMENT OF A MEDICAL OXYGEN TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP, AS WELL AS INCLUSION OF RESOURCE MOBILIZATION INDICATORS. THE UGANDA SELF-INJECTION (SI) SCALE-UP PROJECT, LED BY THE MOH WITH SUPPORT FROM PATH AND OTHER PARTNERS, SUCCESSFULLY EXPANDED THE ACCESSIBILITY AND PRACTICE OF SI CONTRACEPTION ACROSS UGANDA. KEY ACHIEVEMENTS INCLUDED TRAINING OVER 3,500 PUBLIC-SECTOR PROVIDERS AND MORE THAN 6,000 NEW HEALTH PROVIDERS ON SI. COMMUNITY OUTREACH EFFORTS RESULTED IN LAY HEALTH WORKERS NOW COMPRISING OVER 75% OF SI PROVIDERS, WITH DRUG SHOPS APPROVED TO OFFER SI SERVICES. UGANDA'S SI PROTOCOL ALLOWED WOMEN TO SELF-INJECT AT THEIR FIRST VISIT AND RECEIVE A YEAR'S SUPPLY OF CONTRACEPTION. IT WAS ALSO NOTED THAT SI DATA COLLECTION EXPANDED TO 55 DISTRICTS WITH OVER 900 FACILITIES REPORTING. UGANDA HAD THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE OF DMPA-SC VISITS, WITH ONE-THIRD OF DMPA-SC VISITS FOR SI AS OF Q2 2023. RESPONDING TO CHALLENGES IN STOCK MANAGEMENT, PATH IMPLEMENTED TRAINING ON INVENTORY TRACKING AND STOCK RECONCILIATION TO ADDRESS SUPPLY CHAIN ISSUES. ANOTHER CHALLENGE WAS RESOURCE LIMITATIONS, WHICH WERE ADDRESSED BY ONGOING EFFORTS TO RESOLVE FUNDING SHORTAGES IMPACTING DISTRIBUTION. FUTURE DIRECTIONS INCLUDE A FOCUS ON RESOLVING SUPPLY CHAIN CHALLENGES. IT WAS RECOMMENDED THAT THERE SHOULD BE CONTINUITY OF EXPANDING ACCESS AND MAINTAINING SERVICE DELIVERY STANDARDS, AND TO SUSTAIN MOH SUPPORT AND ENHANCE PARTNER COLLABORATION. IN MARCH 2023, AN ACTION PLANNING MEETING IDENTIFIED ACTIONS TO IMPROVE DMPA-SC AND SI SCALE-UP, INCLUDING STAKEHOLDER COORDINATION, DATA MANAGEMENT, LAST-MILE DISTRIBUTION, AND PHARMACY CHANNEL EXPANSION. PATH AND PARTNERS ALSO ADVOCATED FOR THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO ADOPT AN HMIS (HEALTH MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM) ADDENDUM FOR REPORTING DMPA-SC ADMINISTRATION AND SI, WITH UPDATES BEING IMPLEMENTED IN DHIS2. AS OF JUNE 2023, THE DMPA-SC ACCESS COLLABORATIVE PROJECT HAD ACHIEVED 93% OF THE PUBLIC-SECTOR SERVICE DELIVERY POINTS PROVIDING SELF-INJECTION. PATH HOSTED THE ZAMBIAN DELEGATION TO SHOWCASE UGANDA'S COMMUNITY-BASED SI SERVICES AND LEARN ABOUT ZAMBIA'S PHARMACY-BASED SERVICES. ADDITIONALLY, WE IMPLEMENTED A SUPPLY CHAIN ASSESSMENT THAT RECOMMENDED TRAINING-OF-TRAINERS ON THE IMPACT TEAM, DATA REVIEW APPROACH, AND DISSEMINATION OF SUPPLY CHAIN POLICIES IN THREE DISTRICTS. PATH PRESENTED ON PRODUCT SCALE-UP AND RECOMMENDED INDICATORS FOR SI SERVICE DELIVERY AT THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FAMILY PLANNING. THE UGANDA MOH APPROVED THE NATIONAL INTRODUCTION/SCALE-UP AND USE OF THE AQUA RESEARCH STREAM DISINFECTANT GENERATOR (STREAM) FOR THE UGANDA HEALTH SYSTEM IN JUNE 2023. THE STREAM IS AN ON-SITE CHLORINE GENERATOR THAT PRODUCES A CONSISTENT 0.5% (OR 5000 MG/L) OF HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION USING COMMONLY AVAILABLE INPUTS: SALT, WATER, AND ELECTRICITY. THE DEVICE IS A PRACTICAL TOOL FOR HEALTH CARE STAFF TO IMPROVE INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL PRACTICES, AS WELL AS WATER TREATMENT. IN SEPTEMBER 2023, PATH AND THE MOH PRESENTED THE RESULTS OF THE STREAM EVALUATION TO KEY STAKEHOLDERS. THE ACTING COMMISSIONER OF CLINICAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT (MOH) PRESENTED 18 MONTHS OF DATA FROM TEN STREAM UNITS DEPLOYED TO TEN HEALTH FACILITIES IN UGANDA, RANGING FROM HEALTH CENTRES III TO REGIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITALS. RESULTS SHOWED THAT OVER 76,000 LITERS OF HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTION HAD BEEN PRODUCED AND USED BY THE HEALTH FACILITIES BETWEEN 2020 AND 2023. USAGE OF THE STREAM DEVICES RESULTED IN A 35% COST SAVINGS PER LITER. HEALTH PROFESSIONALS FOUND THE STREAM TO BE HIGHLY USEFUL FOR INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (IPC) PRACTICES. THE MINISTER OF HEALTH CALLED UPON PARTNERS TO SUPPORT PROCUREMENT OF THE DEVICE FOR HEALTH FACILITIES WITH HEAVY WORKLOADS AND EXPRESSED HER GRATITUDE FOR PATH'S PAST AND FUTURE SUPPORT OF OFFERING 50 STREAM DEVICES ACROSS THE COUNTRY. THE MINISTER OF HEALTH CALLED UPON PATH AND AQUA RESEARCH TO EXPLORE FINANCING MODELS THAT WOULD ENABLE THE GOVERNMENT TO INSTALL STREAM DEVICES ACROSS THE 2,600 HEALTH FACILITIES UNDER ITS JURISDICTION TO SUPPORT INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL THROUGH ON-SITE CHLORINE PRODUCTION. THE APPROVAL OF THE STREAM FOR NATIONAL SCALE-UP REPRESENTS A CRITICAL MILESTONE FOR THE HEALTH SECTOR AND PATH, PAVING THE WAY FOR NATIONAL SCALE-UP AND DISTRICT IMPLEMENTATION PLANS. THE BECKON FOUNDATION FUNDED A PROJECT TO ENGAGE YOUNG WOMEN IN CO-CREATING INTEGRATED SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS FOR HIV PREVENTION (PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS, OR PREP) AND FAMILY PLANNING IN UGANDA USING A HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN APPROACH. TEN PATH UGANDA STAFF WERE TRAINED IN THIS APPROACH BY LIVING LABS ZAMBIA. FOUR YOUNG WOMEN WERE IDENTIFIED, TRAINED, AND MENTORED AS PEER RESEARCHERS, WHO COLLECTED AND ANALYZED DATA, WROTE REPORTS, AND ONE EVEN SUBMITTED AN ABSTRACT ACCEPTED FOR PRESENTATION AT AIDS2024 IN GERMANY. THE PROJECT ENGAGED 128 STAKEHOLDERS TO EXPLORE SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS FOR INTEGRATING HIV PREVENTION (PREP) AND FAMILY PLANNING FOR YOUNG WOMEN. CO-CREATION WORKSHOPS WITH YOUNG WOMEN AND HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS WERE HELD TO DEVELOP THESE INTEGRATED SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS. FINDINGS FROM STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT WERE DISSEMINATED TO THE MOH, THE TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD, AND DISTRICT LEADERSHIP. A MANUSCRIPT WAS SUBMITTED TO HEALTH FRONTIER JOURNAL AND IS AWAITING FEEDBACK. THE CO-CREATED SERVICE DELIVERY MODELS ARE NOW AWAITING PILOTING AND POTENTIAL SCALE-UP. THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT, THERE WAS MONTHLY ENGAGEMENT WITH NATIONAL AND GLOBAL TECHNICAL WORKING GROUPS FOR GUIDANCE DURING IMPLEMENTATION. THE USAID INFECTIOUS DISEASE DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE (IDDS) PROJECT AIMS TO ENHANCE DIAGNOSTIC CAPACITY, REAL-TIME SURVEILLANCE, AND THE DETECTION OF DRUG-RESISTANT TB IN UGANDA. BY STRENGTHENING THE NATIONAL LABORATORY SYSTEM, IMPROVING DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS, AND EXPANDING DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES, PATH IS CONTRIBUTING TO MORE EFFECTIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVED HEALTH OUTCOMES IN UGANDA. PATH ENHANCED DIAGNOSTIC CAPACITY IN UGANDA'S ANIMAL HEALTH SECTOR BY DEVELOPING QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AS PART OF NATIONAL LABORATORY SYSTEM STRENGTHENING. THIS EFFORT HELPED TWO VETERINARY LABORATORIESTHE MBALE VETERINARY AND DIAGNOSTICS LABORATORY AND THE UGANDA WILDLIFE AUTHORITY DIAGNOSTICS AND RESEARCH LABORATORYMOVE TOWARD INTERNATIONAL ACCREDITATION FROM THE SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL ACCREDITATION SYSTEM (SANAS) BASED ON ISO/IEC 17025:2017 STANDARDS. SUPPORTED BY THE IDDS PROJECT, THE ACCREDITATION APPLICATIONS WERE SUBMITTED DURING THE THIRD QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MENTORSHIP FROM AUGUST 13-25, 2023. PATH WORKED TO IMPROVE REAL-TIME SURVEILLANCE AND DATA ANALYSIS OF PRIORITY ZOONOTIC DISEASES IN UGANDA'S ANIMAL HEALTH SECTOR BY DEVELOPING A MACRO-ENABLED EXCEL TOOL FOR ENHANCED DATA ENTRY AT SURVEILLANCE SITES. PILOTED IN 2021 IN FOUR DISTRICTS (GULU, MBALE, MBARARA, AND MOROTO), THE TOOL AUTOMATES TASKS AND INTEGRATES WITH OTHER DIGITAL TOOLS FOR INDICATOR-BASED SURVEILLANCE TO COLLECT, MONITOR, AND ANALYZE DISEASE OUTBREAK DATA. AFTER FEEDBACK FROM AN EARLY 2022 PILOT, THE REVISED TOOL WAS LAUNCHED IN 34 OF UGANDA'S 111 DISTRICTS DURING A HYBRID WORKSHOP ON JUNE 19, 2023, IN JINJA DISTRICT.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	PATH EXPANDED UGANDA'S DIAGNOSTIC CAPACITY FOR DRUG-RESISTANT TB BY PROCURING AND INSTALLING TWO GENEXPERT INSTRUMENTS AT LIRA AND MBARARA REGIONAL REFERRAL LABORATORIES. SUPPORTED BY THE IDDS PROJECT, THIS INITIATIVE INCLUDED TRAINING HOSPITAL STAFF FROM JUNE 5-9, 2023. THE ADVANCED GENEXPERT INSTRUMENTS DETECT MULTIPLE MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS MUTATIONS FROM A SINGLE SPECIMEN, IDENTIFYING RESISTANCE TO ISONIAZID, FLUOROQUINOLONES, AND OTHER SECOND-LINE DRUGS. THIS TECHNOLOGY ENHANCES DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING, ENABLING FASTER, MORE ACCURATE RESULTS, AND ALLOWING IMMEDIATE ADJUSTMENT OF TREATMENTS TO IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES AND REDUCE HEALTH CARE COSTS. PATH SUPPORTED UGANDA'S MOH IN IMPLEMENTING WHO'S THIRD ROLLOUT OF INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE (IDSR) IN BUIKWE AND BUVUMA DISTRICTS IN THE SSEZIBWA REGION. IN FEBRUARY 2023, 109 STAFF, INCLUDING HEALTH WORKERS FROM 32 HEALTH FACILITIES AND VETERINARIANS, WERE TRAINED IN BUIKWE. IN THE REMOTE BUVUMA DISTRICT, CONSISTING OF 52 SCATTERED ISLANDS, 30 STAFF, INCLUDING HEALTH WORKERS, A FISHERIES OFFICER, AND VETERINARIANS, RECEIVED TRAINING IN OCTOBER 2023. THESE NEW IDSR GUIDELINES ENHANCE THE DISTRICTS' CAPACITY TO REPORT CASES AND DETECT PRIORITY DISEASES, IMPROVING THEIR ABILITY TO PREVENT AND RESPOND TO EMERGING THREATS. THE DIGITAL RESULTS IMPROVE VACCINE EQUITY (DRIVE) DEMAND PROJECT EVALUATED THREE DIGITAL HEALTH TOOLS AT NATIONAL AND SUBNATIONAL LEVELS, SHARING DOCUMENTED RESULTS WITH BOTH. TRAINING INCLUDED 14 NATIONAL-LEVEL TRAINERS AND OVER 150 BIOSTATISTICIANS AND DATA OFFICERS FROM ALL 146 DISTRICTS OF UGANDA IN GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS. ADDITIONALLY, 24 DATA MANAGERS IN WAKISO DISTRICT WERE TRAINED ON DATA USE AND QUALITY IMPROVEMENT, AND 106 HEALTH WORKERS WERE MENTORED IN DATA QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION. THE PROJECT ALSO ENGAGED 25 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN AN SBC WORKSHOP TO ADDRESS VACCINE HESITANCY AND ACCEPTANCE, EQUIPPING THEM AS LOCAL TRUSTED CHAMPIONS. A SUSTAINABILITY ROADMAP WAS DEVELOPED WITH INPUT FROM 25 MOH PERSONNEL DURING AN ENGAGEMENT WORKSHOP. TWO NATIONAL-LEVEL HPV REVITALIZATION MEETINGS WERE HOSTED AS PART OF THE PARTNER ENGAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (PEF) TARGETED COUNTRY ASSISTANCE (TCA). THE AIM WAS TO REVIEW AND ALIGN PARTNERS' TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE WITH THE UPDATED HPV COVERAGE IMPROVEMENT AND REVITALIZATION PLAN. THE DEVELOPMENT OF UGANDA SCHOOL HEALTH GUIDELINES WAS SUPPORTED, AND A READINESS ASSESSMENT FOR COLD CHAIN EQUIPMENT DEPLOYMENT WAS CONDUCTED IN OVER 500 HEALTH FACILITIES NATIONWIDE. TWO CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS (CSOS)INPACT AND BUSOGA HEALTH FORUMWERE SUBGRANTED TO SUPPORT HPV VACCINATION DEMAND GENERATION IN ANKOLE AND BUSOGA REGIONS, LEADING TO INCREASED HPV VACCINE COVERAGE. ADVOCACY MEETINGS WITH PARLIAMENTARIANS AND CSOS WERE HELD TO PUSH FOR INCREASED DOMESTIC FINANCING FOR IMMUNIZATION. FINALLY, PATH DEVELOPED AND IMPLEMENTED A STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE UGANDA LEARNING HUB CONSORTIUM AS PART OF THE GAVI IMMUNIZATION LEARNING HUB. ACTIVITIES INCLUDED CONDUCTING A DESK REVIEW, SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS, KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS, AND IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS, AS WELL AS DOCUMENTING REPORTS ON BARRIERS TO REACHING ZERO-DOSE CHILDREN AND LEARNING PRIORITIES FOR THE COUNTRY. ZAMBIA IN 2023, PATH CONTINUED TO COLLABORATE WITH ZAMBIA'S MINISTRY OF HEALTH NATIONAL MALARIA ELIMINATION PROGRAM (NMEP) THROUGH MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) AND THE USAID PROGRAM FOR ADVANCEMENTS OF MALARIA OUTCOMES (PAMO) PLUS PROJECTS. BY THE END OF 2023, THE MULTIYEAR PAMO PLUS PROJECT HAD SUPPORTED TRAINING OVER 4,000 COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS (CHWS) TO TEST, TREAT, AND TRACK MALARIA CASES IN THE COMMUNITY AGAINST THE LIFE OF THE PROJECT TARGET OF 5,000. THE CHWS ARE CONSTANTLY ENGAGED, AND THEIR CLINICAL SKILLS ARE IMPROVED THROUGH MONITORING, MENTORSHIP, AND MOTIVATIONAL VISITS. FURTHERMORE, MENTORSHIP AND TECHNICAL SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION CONTINUOUSLY ENHANCE THEIR REPORTING AND TRACKING SKILLS. PAMO PLUS ALSO SUPPORTS THE PREVENTION OF MALARIA IN PREGNANCY PROGRAMS BY MENTORING ANTENATAL CARE (ANC) PROVIDERS THROUGH OUTREACH TRAINING AND SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION IN MICROSCOPY AND NON-MICROSCOPY FACILITIES. PAMO PLUS WORKS WITH SAFE MOTHERHOOD ACTION GROUP VOLUNTEERS TO CONDUCT COMMUNITY-LEVEL ACTIVITIES THAT ENCOURAGE WOMEN TO ACCESS ANC SERVICES EARLY AND CONTINUE ATTENDANCE THROUGHOUT PREGNANCY, AIMING TO IMPROVE ACCESS TO INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT OF MALARIA IN PREGNANCY AND INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS (ITNS). PAMO PLUS SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE (SBC) ACTIVITIES AIM TO IMPROVE THE UPTAKE AND USE OF PROVEN MALARIA INTERVENTIONS AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL TO PREVENT MALARIA AND REDUCE INCIDENCE AND DEATHS. PAMO PLUS'S STRATEGIC APPROACH IS TO ADDRESS BARRIERS THAT HINDER PEOPLE FROM ADOPTING BEHAVIORS THAT PROTECT THEM FROM MALARIA THROUGH FOUR PLATFORMS: (1) INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS, (2) COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, (3) MASS AND SOCIAL MEDIA, AND (4) SBC MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION. BY THE END OF 2023, OVER 6,000 CCAS HAD BEEN TRAINED TO PROVIDE SBC ACTIVITIES THROUGH HOUSEHOLD VISITS, COMMUNITY DIALOGUES, AND HEALTH TALKS. PAMO PLUS PROVIDES SUBGRANTS TO 16 CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS (CSOS) THAT CONDUCT SBC ACTIVITIES IN 37 DISTRICTS IN ZAMBIA. PAMO PLUS SUPPORTS THE NATIONAL MALARIA PROGRAM IN SURVEILLANCE, MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND OPERATIONAL RESEARCH FOR MALARIA DATA. THE PROJECT PROVIDES TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO STRENGTHEN SKILLS AMONG STAFF THAT GENERATE, AGGREGATE, AND REPORT DATA AT THE DISTRICT, FACILITY, AND COMMUNITY LEVELS AND TO IMPROVE SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE, HIGH-QUALITY DATA MANAGEMENT. IN SINDA DISTRICT OF ZAMBIA, PAMO PLUS IS IMPLEMENTING TWO ACTIVITIES TO ELIMINATE MALARIA. MALARIA CASE INVESTIGATION (MCI) IS BEING PILOTED IN TEN HEALTH FACILITY CATCHMENT AREAS (HFCAS). MCI USES THE 1-3-7 APPROACH, WHERE MALARIA CASES ARE NOTIFIED WITHIN ONE DAY, INVESTIGATED THROUGH REACTIVE CASE DETECTION WITHIN THREE DAYS, AND ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE WITHIN SEVEN DAYS. BY DAY SEVEN, AN APPROPRIATE LOCAL RESPONSE MIGHT INCLUDE LARVAL SOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESPONSIVE INDOOR RESIDUAL SPRAYING, NET DISTRIBUTION, AND HEALTH PROMOTION. IN 12 HFCAS, PAMO PLUS IS ALSO PILOTING SINGLE LOW-DOSE PRIMAQUINE (SLDPQ) AS AN ADDITIONAL TREATMENT TO THE STANDARD ARTEMISININ-BASED COMBINATION THERAPY REGIMEN, TARGETING MALARIA PARASITE GAMETOCYTES, WHICH ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONTINUED PARASITE CYCLE IN THE MOSQUITO AND ONWARD MALARIA TRANSMISSION. THE SLDPQ PILOT (WITH ACTIVE PHARMACOVIGILANCE FOR THE UNLIKELY SIDE EFFECT OF PRIMAQUINE-INDUCED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA) WILL INFORM A NATIONWIDE ROLLOUT OF SLDPQ IN HFCAS WITH A MALARIA INCIDENCE OF FEWER THAN 125 CASES PER 1,000 POPULATION. PAMO PLUS ALSO SUPPORTS NATIONAL-LEVEL MALARIA PROGRAM MANAGEMENT. IN 2023, IT BEGAN DISCUSSIONS WITH THE EPI, ZAMBIA IMMUNIZATION TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP, AND THE NATIONAL MALARIA ELIMINATION CENTER (NMEC) TO EXPLORE THE POSSIBILITY OF INTRODUCING THE MALARIA VACCINE AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL. MACEPA COLLABORATED WITH THE PMI VECTORLINK TEAM TO CREATE THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE DHIS INSTANCE, WHICH MIRRORS DATA FROM THE VECTORLINK COLLECT TOOLSET. THIS ALLOWS THE NMEC TO ENTER RESISTANCE DATASETS BEYOND THOSE MAINTAINED BY PMI. THESE TWO INSTANCES WERE MERGED IN 2023 AND BEGAN COLLECTING DATA FROM PARTNERS ENGAGED IN ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES. ONGOING DISCUSSIONS WITH THE NMEC AND HMIS DEPARTMENTS ARE UNDERWAY TO FURTHER INTEGRATE SEPARATE DATA STORAGE INSTANCES SUCH AS THE MALARIA RAPID REPORTING (MRR) SYSTEM AND MRR MOBILE TOP-UP PLATFORM; INTEGRATE THE CHW REGISTRY INTO THE DHIS2 NMEC INSTANCE, EITHER THROUGH DATABASE LINKAGES OR MIGRATION OF DATABASES INTO A SINGLE INSTANCE; AND MANAGE MOBILE CLIENT UPDATES. IN MID-2023, MACEPA, WORKING CLOSELY WITH A TASK TEAM SET UP AND LED BY THE NMEC, ENGAGED KEY PERSONNEL WITHIN MOH/NMEC ON THE FULL TRANSFER OF THE PLATFORMS AND TASKS TO THE MOH/NMEC. THIS TRANSFER AND HANDOVER PROCESS TO THE MOH/NMEC IS ANTICIPATED TO BE COMPLETED BY MID-2025. MACEPA IS WORKING WITH THE NMEC AND PARTNERS TO CONDUCT A MALARIA TRENDS ANALYSIS IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND THE UNDERLYING CAUSES OF THE INCREASED MALARIA CASES NOTED IN EARLY 2023. MACEPA PROVIDED SOME INSIGHT TOWARD THIS EFFORT BY USING MODELING AND OTHER DATA ANALYTICS METHODS, WHICH INCLUDED EXAMINING CLIMATIC, PROGRAMMATIC, AND CASE DATA, AMONG OTHER ASPECTS THAT COULD GUIDE DECISION-MAKING. IN ADDITION, MACEPA WAS PART OF THE DATA ANALYTICS TEAM THAT ASSISTED IN SETTING UP THE DIGITAL HOUSEHOLD TRACKING PLATFORM USED DURING THE 2023 MASS ITN DISTRIBUTION CAMPAIGN, WHICH DISTRIBUTED 11.6 MILLION ITNS ACROSS ALL TEN PROVINCES IN ZAMBIA.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4D, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	THE ZAMBIA MOH LAUNCHED THE NATIONAL MEDICAL OXYGEN STRATEGIC PLAN 20222026, WHICH WAS DEVELOPED WITH SUPPORT FROM PATH. THE PLAN WAS COMPLETED IN NOVEMBER 2022 AND LAUNCHED IN MAY 2023. THE STRENGTHENING OXYGEN UTILIZATION AND RESPIRATORY CARE ECOSYSTEM (SOURCE) ACTIVITY SUPPORTED THE LAUNCH AND SUBSEQUENT DISSEMINATION OF THE PLAN. ADDITIONALLY, THE SOURCE PROJECT CONDUCTED A COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT SURVEY OF 90 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES, COVERING ALL TEN PROVINCES IN THE COUNTRY. THE SURVEY ASSESSED THE AVAILABILITY, FUNCTIONALITY, AND MAINTENANCE STATUS OF RESPIRATORY CARE EQUIPMENT, SUCH AS OXYGEN CONCENTRATORS, PULSE OXIMETERS, VENTILATORS, AND PSA PLANTS, AS WELL AS OTHER RELATED BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT. THIS DATA COLLECTION EXERCISE PROVIDED A DETAILED BASELINE OF THE MEDICAL OXYGEN LANDSCAPE ACROSS THE COUNTRY, IDENTIFYING KEY GAPS AND CHALLENGES IN OXYGEN INFRASTRUCTURE AND EQUIPMENT. FURTHER, THE SOURCE PROJECT IS SUPPORTING THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO DEVELOP A SKILLS AWARD CURRICULUM. THE SKILLS AWARD CURRICULUM IS BEING DEVELOPED IN COLLABORATION WITH OTHER STAKEHOLDERS AND COOPERATING PARTNERS, INCLUDING CHAI, THE OXYGEN ALLIANCE, THE COPPERBELT PROVINCIAL HEALTH OFFICE, THE LUAPULA PROVINCIAL HEALTH OFFICE, EVELYN HONE COLLEGE, THE NORTHERN TECHNICAL COLLEGE, TEVETA, AND BUILD HEALTH INTERNATIONAL. THIS WILL BUILD THE CAPACITY OF PERSONNEL IN OXYGEN PRODUCTION, SUPPLY, STORAGE, AND ADMINISTRATION IN A STRUCTURED, STANDARDIZED, AND SUSTAINABLE MANNER. THE TECHNICAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL, AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING AUTHORITY (TEVETA) HAS OFFERED TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO ENSURE THE CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION ARE ALIGNED WITH NATIONAL STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES. THE SKILLS AWARD CURRICULUM IS CURRENTLY FINALIZED IN ITS DRAFT FORM AND AWAITING APPROVAL FROM TEVETA. THE SKILLS AWARD CURRICULUM WAS A RESULT OF A TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENT CONDUCTED BY THE SOURCE PROJECT, WHICH REVEALED GAPS IN PERSONNEL CAPABILITY TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE MEDICAL OXYGEN SYSTEMS. THE TEAM IDENTIFIED SKILL DEFICIENCIES IN AREAS SUCH AS: - MANAGING MEDICAL OXYGEN IN HEALTH CARE FACILITIES. - MAINTAINING AND SERVICING RESPIRATORY CARE EQUIPMENT. - MAINTAINING AND SERVICING CENTRAL PIPELINE AND MANIFOLDS. - MAINTAINING AND SERVICING OXYGEN PLANTS AND LIQUID OXYGEN (LOX) TANKS. - CONDUCTING POST-SERVICE INSPECTIONS OF EQUIPMENT, PLANTS, LOX, AND ASSOCIATED INFRASTRUCTURE. THE TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENT REVEALED THAT THE CURRENT BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CURRICULUM AND JOB DESCRIPTIONS FOR MOH BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING STAFF DO NOT ADEQUATELY ADDRESS THESE EVOLVING SKILL REQUIREMENTS. WITH FUNDING FROM THE GATES FOUNDATION, PATH HAS SUPPORTED PROVINCIAL TRAINING FOR 70 HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL IN OXYGEN ESCALATION THERAPY. THE GOAL OF THE ZAMBIA DIGITAL COMMUNITY HEALTH PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A UNIFIED PLATFORM TO COORDINATE HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY BY COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS. IN 2023, THE TEAM COMPLETED THE DEVELOPMENT AND BEGAN USER TESTING OF A MINIMUM VIABLE PRODUCT OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH INFORMATION PLATFORM THAT ADDRESSES SERVICE DELIVERY AND DECISION SUPPORT, DATA QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT, AND A DATA CULTURE THAT CONTRIBUTES TO ADDRESSING CHALLENGES IN DATA USE. THE ACCESS COLLABORATIVE CONDUCTED A LEARNING EXCHANGE TO UGANDA IN MAY 2023, WHICH RESULTED IN A POLICY CHANGE TO ALLOW COMMUNITY-BASED DISTRIBUTORS TO TRAIN WOMEN TO SELF-INJECT DMPA-SC. THIS MILESTONE COMPLETED THE PROVISION OF SELF-INJECTION (SI) IN ALL THREE CHANNELS (PRIVATE, PUBLIC, AND COMMUNITY). FURTHERMORE, THE ACCESS COLLABORATIVE APPLIED FOR AND OBTAINED FUNDING OF $240,000 TO JUMPSTART THE PROVISION OF DMPA-SC SI IN THE COMMUNITY. THIS INCLUDED TRAINING CBDS IN SI PROVISION AND CONDUCTING SUPERVISION AND MENTORING VISITS TO THREE PROVINCES (COPPERBELT, NORTHWESTERN, AND LUAPULA). ANOTHER MAJOR ADVOCACY WIN WAS THE INCLUSION OF THE SELF-INJECTION INDICATOR IN THE HMIS. THIS WILL FOSTER DATA USE FOR DECISION-MAKING AND WILL PROVIDE DATA FOR COMMODITY SUPPLY. ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICY PATH'S ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICY TEAM WORKS IN THE UNITED STATES, IN COUNTRIES IN AFRICA (SUCH AS THE DRC, KENYA, SOUTH AFRICA, AND UGANDA), AND AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL WITH MULTILATERAL AGENCIES. WE PARTNER WITH POLICYMAKERS TO HELP THEM UNDERSTAND ISSUES AND MOTIVATE THEM TO COMMIT FUNDING, CRAFT POLICIES, AND SPONSOR INITIATIVES TO STRENGTHEN GLOBAL HEALTH. AS A 501(3)C ORGANIZATION, PATH DOES NOT INFLUENCE THE OUTCOMES OF ELECTIONS AND DOES NOT EMPLOY ANY REGISTERED LOBBYISTS. PATH PROVIDES BEHIND-THE-SCENES SUPPORT TO ADVOCACY PARTNERS IN THE PLACES WHERE WE WORK TO HELP STRENGTHEN THEIR CAPACITY TO ENGAGE WITH LOCAL DECISION-MAKERS TO IMPROVE HEALTH IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. WE FACILITATE PEER-TO-PEER LEARNINGS AMONG THESE PARTNERS TO EXCHANGE BEST PRACTICES AND LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT THE PRACTICE OF ADVOCACY, AND WE HELP ELEVATE LOCAL VOICES IN GLOBAL CONVERSATIONS AROUND HEALTH. IN 2023, PATH LED EFFORTS TO ENSURE SUPPORT AMONG OUR PARTNER POLICYMAKERS TO MAINTAIN AND STRENGTHEN PIVOTAL WORK IN GLOBAL HEALTH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH, IMMUNIZATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, AND PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE. SUCCESSES INCLUDED PROTECTING KEY US GOVERNMENT FUNDING FOR PATH'S PRIORITY HEALTH AREAS AND HELPING DECISION-MAKERS IN KENYA ROLL OUT PRIMARY HEALTH CARE POLICIES TO IMPROVE HEALTH SYSTEMS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	THE FORM 990 WAS PREPARED BY AN OUTSIDE ACCOUNTING FIRM USING INFORMATION PROVIDED BY PATH ACCOUNTING SERVICES STAFF. PATH SENIOR MANAGEMENT REVIEWED THE DRAFT FORM. A COPY OF THE DRAFT WAS SENT TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR COMMENT. AFTER THE COMMENT PERIOD, THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER SIGNED THE FORM.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	PATH HAS POLICIES AND PROCEDURES TO ADDRESS CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. PATH MANAGEMENT AND ALL STAFF WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION MUST COMPLETE A CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM EACH YEAR. ALL FORMS ARE REVIEWED AND KEPT ON FILE. A CONFLICT MANAGEMENT PLAN IS DEVELOPED FOR ANY EMPLOYEE WITH A SIGNIFICANT ACTUAL OR PERCEIVED CONFLICT OF INTEREST. PATH ALSO HAS A WELL-DEFINED PROCEDURE FOR IDENTIFYING AND REPORTING ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AMONG BOARD MEMBERS. NEW BOARD MEMBERS ARE ASKED TO COMPLETE A CONFLICT-OF-INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM WITHIN 30 DAYS OF JOINING THE BOARD AND TO COMPLETE A NEW FORM ANNUALLY THEREAFTER. IN ADDITION, MEMBERS ARE REMINDED TO REPORT ANY NEW ISSUES THAT ARISE OUTSIDE OF THE ANNUAL DISCLOSURE PERIOD. THE DISCLOSURE FORMS ARE REVIEWED BY PATH'S GENERAL COUNSEL, AND IF ANY ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS ARE IDENTIFIED, GENERAL COUNSEL MAKES A RECOMMENDATION TO THE CHAIR OF THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE AND THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD FOR A MANAGEMENT PLAN TO PROPERLY MANAGE ANY CONFLICTS. A FORMAL MANAGEMENT PLAN IS THEN AGREED UPON WITH THE BOARD MEMBER, AND THE ENTIRE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IS INFORMED AT THE NEXT REGULARLY SCHEDULED BOARD MEETING.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15	THE BOARD ANNUALLY REVIEWS SALARIES AND BENEFITS FOR EXECUTIVE EMPLOYEE POSITIONS AND PROVIDES GUIDANCE TO THE PRESIDENT/CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER (CEO) ON COMPENSATION DECISIONS FOR EXECUTIVE POSITIONS. THE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS FOR PATH'S PRESIDENT/CEO ARE REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE ENTIRE BOARD OF DIRECTORS EACH YEAR. PATH ROUTINELY USES THE SERVICES OF EXTERNAL COMPENSATION CONSULTING FIRMS TO ASSESS AND BENCHMARK EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION (PRESIDENT/CEO AND DIVISION CHIEFS). THE MOST RECENT REVIEW WAS COMPLETED BY THE BOARD IN 2023. AT THE REQUEST OF THE BOARD, PATH ENGAGED FUTURE SENSE (A COMPENSATION, BENEFITS, AND HUMAN RESOURCES CONSULTING FIRM) TO REVIEW CURRENT AND PROPOSED BASE SALARIES OF PATH'S PRESIDENT/CEO AND DIVISION CHIEFS. FUTURE SENSE USED DATA FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES TO EVALUATE CURRENT AND PROPOSED BASE SALARIES FOR THESE POSITIONS. THE BOARD REVIEWED THE FUTURE SENSE REPORT AND APPROVED THE USE OF THE REPORT TO ESTABLISH A FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH THE PRESIDENT/CEO IS DELEGATED AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH THE TOTAL COMPENSATION PACKAGES OF THE DIVISION CHIEFS. ADDITIONALLY, FUTURE SENSE REVIEWED THE PROPOSED TOTAL COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS PACKAGE FOR THE PRESIDENT/CEO POSITION AND OBTAINED A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF DATA POINTS TO ASCERTAIN ITS REASONABLENESS AND APPROPRIATENESS. THE BOARD APPROVED THE RECOMMENDATION FOR THE PRESIDENT/CEO'S TOTAL COMPENSATION PACKAGE.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	PATH GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST; MOST DOCUMENTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE ONLINE.

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990 or 990-EZ.

Cat. No. 51056K

Schedule O (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

- TIN:

SCHEDULE R
(Form 990)

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Related Organizations and Unrelated Partnerships

Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 33, 34, 35b, 36, or 37.
Attach to Form 990.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.

OMB No. 1545-0047

2023

Open to Public Inspection

Name of the organization

PATH

Employer identification number

91-1157127

Part I

Identification of Disregarded Entities. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 33.

(a) Name, address, and EIN (if applicable) of disregarded entity	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Total income	(e) End-of-year assets	(f) Direct controlling entity

Part II

Identification of Related Tax-Exempt Organizations. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 34 because it had one or more related tax-exempt organizations during the tax year.

(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Exempt Code section	(e) Public charity status (if section 501(c)(3))	(f) Direct controlling entity	(g) Section 512(b)(13) controlled entity?
(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Exempt Code section	(e) Public charity status (if section 501(c)(3))	(f) Direct controlling entity	Yes	No
(1)FOUNDATION FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTH - SWITZERLAND 207 ROUTE DE FERNEY 1218 LE GRAND-S GENEVA SZ	EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PROMOTION OF HEALTH	SZ	501(C)(3)		PATH	Yes
(2)PROGRAM FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH -KENYA ACS PLAZA 4TH FL LENANA RD PO BOX NAIROBI KE	EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PROMOTION OF HEALTH	KE	501(C)(3)		PATH	Yes

For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instructions for Form 990.

Cat. No. 50135Y

Schedule R (Form 990) 2023

Page 2

Part III

Identification of Related Organizations Taxable as a Partnership. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 34, because it had one or more related organizations treated as a partnership during the tax year.

(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Direct controlling entity	(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	(h) Disproprtionate allocations?		(i) Code V-UBI amount in box 20 of Schedule K-1 (Form 1065)	(j) General or managing partner?		(k) Percentage ownership
(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Direct controlling entity	(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	Yes	No	(i) Code V-UBI amount in box 20 of Schedule K-1 (Form 1065)	Yes	No	(k) Percentage ownership

Part IV

Identification of Related Organizations Taxable as a Corporation or Trust. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 34 because it had one or more related organizations treated as a corporation or trust during the tax year.

(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Direct controlling entity	(e) Type of entity (C corp, S corp, or trust)	(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	(h) Percentage ownership	(i) Section 512(b)(13) controlled entity?
(a) Name, address, and EIN of related organization	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(d) Direct controlling entity	(e) Type of entity (C corp, S corp, or trust)	(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	(h) Percentage ownership	Yes	No

Schedule R (Form 990) 2023

Page 3

Part V

Transactions With Related Organizations. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 34, 35b, or 36.

Note. Complete line 1 if any entity is listed in Parts II, III, or IV of this schedule.

Yes

1 During the tax year, did the orgranization engage in any of the following transactions with one or more related organizations listed in Parts II-IV?

a Receipt of (i) interest, (ii) annuities, (iii) royalties, or (iv) rent from a controlled entity .....................

b Gift, grant, or capital contribution to related organization(s) ............................

Yes

c Gift, grant, or capital contribution from related organization(s) ............................

Yes

d Loans or loan guarantees to or for related organization(s) ............................

e Loans or loan guarantees by related organization(s) ............................

f Dividends from related organization(s) ............................

g Sale of assets to related organization(s) ............................

h Purchase of assets from related organization(s) ............................

i Exchange of assets with related organization(s) ............................

j Lease of facilities, equipment, or other assets to related organization(s) .......................

k Lease of facilities, equipment, or other assets from related organization(s) ......................

l Performance of services or membership or fundraising solicitations for related organization(s) .....................

m Performance of services or membership or fundraising solicitations by related organization(s) .................

n Sharing of facilities, equipment, mailing lists, or other assets with related organization(s) ...................

o Sharing of paid employees with related organization(s) ............................

p Reimbursement paid to related organization(s) for expenses ............................

q Reimbursement paid by related organization(s) for expenses ............................

r Other transfer of cash or property to related organization(s) ............................

s Other transfer of cash or property from related organization(s) ............................

If the answer to any of the above is "Yes," see the instructions for information on who must complete this line, including covered relationships and transaction thresholds.

(a) Name of related organization	(b) Transaction type (a-s)	(c) Amount involved	(d) Method of determining amount involved
(1) PROGRAM FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH-KENYA	C	2,350,595	FMV
(2) PROGRAM FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH-KENYA	B	8,495,931	FMV
(3) FOUNDATION FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTH - SWITZERLAND	C	5,855	FMV
(4) FOUNDATION FOR APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTH - SWITZERLAND	B	5,869,356	FMV

Schedule R (Form 990) 2023

Page 4

Part VI

Unrelated Organizations Taxable as a Partnership. Complete if the organization answered "Yes" on Form 990, Part IV, line 37.

Provide the following information for each entity taxed as a partnership through which the organization conducted more than five percent of its activities (measured by total assets or gross revenue) that was not a related organization. See instructions regarding exclusion for certain investment partnerships.

(a) Name, address, and EIN of entity	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	(e) Are all partners section 501(c)(3) organizations?		(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	(h) Disproprtionate allocations?		(i) Code V-UBI amount in box 20 of Schedule K-1 (Form 1065)	(j) General or managing partner?		(k) Percentage ownership
(a) Name, address, and EIN of entity	(b) Primary activity	(c) Legal domicile (state or foreign country)	Yes	No	(f) Share of total income	(g) Share of end-of-year assets	Yes	No	(i) Code V-UBI amount in box 20 of Schedule K-1 (Form 1065)	Yes	No	(k) Percentage ownership

Schedule R (Form 990) 2023

Page 5

Part VII

Supplemental Information

Provide additional information for responses to questions on Schedule R. See instructions.

Return Reference	Explanation

Schedule R (Form 990) 2023

Additional Data

Software ID:
Software Version:

		Prior Year	Current Year
8	Contributions and grants (Part VIII, line 1h) .........	347,720,581	327,947,500
9	Program service revenue (Part VIII, line 2g) .........	0	0
10	Investment income (Part VIII, column (A), lines 3, 4, and 7d ) ....	4,226,978	4,822,459
11	Other revenue (Part VIII, column (A), lines 5, 6d, 8c, 9c, 10c, and 11e)	869,980	1,344,719
12	Total revenue—add lines 8 through 11 (must equal Part VIII, column (A), line 12)	352,817,539	334,114,678
13	Grants and similar amounts paid (Part IX, column (A), lines 1–3 )...	90,575,790	73,720,867
14	Benefits paid to or for members (Part IX, column (A), line 4).....	0	0
15	Salaries, other compensation, employee benefits (Part IX, column (A), lines 5–10)	138,417,115	136,439,630
16a	Professional fundraising fees (Part IX, column (A), line 11e) .....	0	0
b	Total fundraising expenses (Part IX, column (D), line 25) 1,497,048
17	Other expenses (Part IX, column (A), lines 11a–11d, 11f–24e)....	117,640,612	128,413,756
18	Total expenses. Add lines 13–17 (must equal Part IX, column (A), line 25)	346,633,517	338,574,253
19	Revenue less expenses. Subtract line 18 from line 12.......	6,184,022	-4,459,575
		Beginning of Current Year	End of Year
20	Total assets (Part X, line 16).............	335,091,155	346,497,870
21	Total liabilities (Part X, line 26).............	282,616,412	292,900,954
22	Net assets or fund balances. Subtract line 21 from line 20.....	52,474,743	53,596,916

Sign Here

	Signature of officer	Date

	Type or print name and title


4a	(Code: ) (Expenses $ 136,566,533 including grants of $ 37,041,293 ) (Revenue $ )
	THE PROGRAMS & INNOVATION DIVISION BRINGS DEEP TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND A ROBUST, COLLABORATIVE, AND INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO SUPPORT PATH COUNTRY PROGRAMS AND PARTNERS IN ADVANCING HEALTH EQUITY. WE FOCUS ON GENERATING ANALYTICAL INSIGHTS, TRANSLATING THEM INTO ADVOCACY AND ACTION, ADVANCING INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE INNOVATION, AND STRENGTHENING WORKFORCE SKILLS AND RESOURCES THAT SUPPORT INTEGRATED AND RESILIENT HEALTH SYSTEMS. OUR WORK COVERS DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND DATA USE, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, DIAGNOSTICS, PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT, MARKET SHAPING, EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE, MALARIA AND NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES, AND MORE.(CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O)CENTER OF DIGITAL AND DATA EXCELLENCEPATH USES DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND DATA-DRIVEN STRATEGIES TO ADVANCE HEALTH EQUITY. IN 2023, PATH'S CENTER OF DIGITAL AND DATA EXCELLENCE CATALYZED COUNTRY-LED DIGITAL HEALTH TRANSFORMATION IN NUMEROUS WAYS.WORK CONCLUDED ON THE DATA USE PARTNERSHIP (DUP) AND THE DIGITAL HEALTH ECOSYSTEM (DHE) PROJECTS. DUP, A PROJECT FUNDED BY THE BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION, WAS TRANSITIONED TO THE GOVERNMENT OF TANZANIA TO CONTINUE ENHANCING THEIR HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND USE OF DATA. THE PROJECT CULMINATED WITH ESTABLISHING THE CENTER FOR DIGITAL HEALTH, WHICH WILL SERVE AS A CENTRAL COORDINATION POINT FOCUSED ON GOVERNANCE, TECHNOLOGY, WORKFORCE CAPACITY, RESEARCH, AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT, ENSURING THAT TANZANIA REMAINS AT THE FOREFRONT OF DIGITAL HEALTH INNOVATION.THE DHE PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE BAYER FOUNDATION, WRAPPED UP WORK TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABILITY AND EXPANSION OF DIGITAL TOOLS FOR HEALTH BY HELPING LOCAL AFRICAN ENTREPRENEURS MORE EASILY ACCESS FINANCING, TECHNICAL RESOURCES, AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR SCALE.DIGITAL SQUARE, A PATH-LED INITIATIVE BACKED BY A UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (USAID) INVESTMENT OF UP TO $170 MILLION THROUGH 2026, CONTINUED TO BRING DONORS AND PARTNERS TOGETHER TO IMPROVE HOW THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY DESIGNS, USES, AND PAYS FOR DIGITAL HEALTH TOOLS AND APPROACHES WITH AN EMPHASIS ON COUNTRY-DRIVEN PRIORITIES. HIGHLIGHTS FROM 2023 INCLUDED WELCOMING A NEW EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, DR. BILAL MATEEN; PRODUCING A DIGITAL VERSION OF THE DIGITAL SQUARE GLOBAL GOODS GUIDEBOOK; LAUNCHING THE ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN BURKINA FASO, THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC), AND SENEGAL; CONCLUDING THE PILOT DIGITAL HEALTH APPLIED LEADERSHIP PROGRAM; AND CONTINUING TO PARTNER WITH OTHER IMPLEMENTERS AND ORGANIZATIONS TO SUPPORT OPEN-SOURCE DIGITAL TOOLS.IN 2023, THE DIGITAL RESULTS IMPROVED VACCINE EQUITY AND DEMAND (DRIVE DEMAND) PROJECT, FUNDED BY THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION, CONTINUED TO UNDERSTAND, TRACK, AND INFLUENCE DEMAND FOR IMMUNIZATIONS IN FIVE COUNTRIES.THE DIGITAL INNOVATION IN PANDEMIC CONTROL (DIPC) PROJECT, FUNDED BY DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FUR INTERNATIONALE ZUSAMMENARBEIT (GIZ), CONTINUED PARTNERING WITH MINISTRIES IN GHANA, MALAWI, AND TANZANIA TO SELECT AND ADAPT ROBUST DIGITAL TOOLS TO STRENGTHEN IMMUNIZATION SYSTEMS.PATH, WITH US CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC) FUNDING, IS LEADING OVERALL HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS) SUPPORT ACTIVITIES AS PART OF THE US PRESIDENT'S EMERGENCY PLAN FOR AIDS RELIEF (PEPFAR) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PLATFORM (TAP), WHICH PARTNERS WITH COUNTRIES TO BUILD LASTING DIGITAL HEALTH CAPACITY. IN 2023, THE TEAM BEGAN IMPLEMENTING THE FOURTH YEAR OF THE PROJECT, WITH A FOCUS ON NATIONAL HEALTH DATA POLICIES AND GOVERNANCE, HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM STANDARDS, AND HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM WORKFORCE STRENGTHENING. THROUGH TAP, PATH WORKED TO STRENGTHEN HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR HIV AND/OR COVID-19 IN BOTSWANA, CTE D'IVOIRE, DRC, ETHIOPIA, HAITI, KENYA, NAMIBIA, NIGERIA, RWANDA, UGANDA, VIETNAM, AND ZAMBIA.PATH CONTINUED TO PARTICIPATE IN HIGH-LEVEL GLOBAL COALITIONS, INCLUDING TRANSFORM HEALTH; THE HEALTH WORKING GROUP FOR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR G20 LEADERS; THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S (WHO) GLOBAL INITIATIVE FOR DIGITAL HEALTH; THE DIGITAL CONNECTED CARE COALITION; THE DIGITAL PUBLIC GOODS ALLIANCE; AND THE DIGITAL PUBLIC GOODS CHARTER CAMPAIGN.DIAGNOSTICSPATH'S DIAGNOSTICS PROGRAM AIMS TO ADVANCE AND INCREASE ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY AND APPROPRIATE DIAGNOSTICS THAT IMPROVE THE HEALTH OUTCOMES OF PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS.IN 2023 PATH SUPPORTED THE ADVANCEMENT OF AFFORDABLE AND RELIABLE DIAGNOSTICS, PROTEINS, ANTIBODIES, AND TOOLS BY AIDING THE DEVELOPMENT, COMMERCIALIZATION, AND PROCUREMENT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES; CONDUCTED PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS AND CLINICAL STUDIES TO INFORM PATIENT CARE; FACILITATED A G6PD (GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE) OPERATIONAL RESEARCH COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE; AND PUBLISHED NINE PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLES. WE CONTINUED TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE AVAILABILITY OF COST-EFFECTIVE AND DEPENDABLE DIAGNOSTIC SOLUTIONS IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS, ENSURING THAT COMMUNITIES IN NEED HAVE ACCESS TO TOOLS FOR AN ACCURATE AND TIMELY DIAGNOSIS.ABBOTT DIAGNOSTICS IS DEVELOPING A NEXT-GENERATION TB LAM ASSAY. PATH IS SUPPORTING ABBOTT'S RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS BY QUALIFYING URINE SAMPLES USING OUR IN-HOUSE REFERENCE ASSAY FOR TB LAM MEASUREMENT. ONCE THE NEW ASSAY IS READY, THE UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON WILL CONDUCT CLINICAL STUDIES OF IT. PATH WILL RECEIVE THE URINE SAMPLES TESTED BY THE ABBOTT ASSAY AND QUALIFY THE TEST RESULT FOR TB LAM USING THE IN-HOUSE REFERENCE ASSAY.THE EQUALS PROJECT SUCCESSFULLY DEFINED THE CONTENT OF INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROLS REQUIRED TO QUALIFY TEST RESULTS DERIVED FROM WASTEWATER SURVEILLANCE. THIS WAS ACHIEVED THROUGH CONSULTATION WITH THE TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP. HOWEVER, CONSENSUS ON THE DESIGN OF EXTERNAL QUALITY CONTROLS HAS NOT BEEN REACHED, SO DISCUSSIONS ARE ONGOING WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO IDENTIFY THEIR COMPOSITION.WITH POLIOVIRUS SURVEILLANCE, WE HAVE SUCCESSFULLY SCALED UP TESTING IN PAKISTAN TO 40 SITES ACROSS THE COUNTRY. AFGHANISTAN IS STILL ON HOLD AS WE WAIT FOR GUIDANCE FROM THE GATES FOUNDATION. SUPPORT FROM THE WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN (EMRO) IN YEMEN IS ONGOING, AND THEY HAVE EXPANDED COLLECTION TO FOUR SITES FROM THE ORIGINAL THREE.WE HAVE COMPLETED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D) OF THE SEROTYPE-SPECIFIC URINARY ANTIGEN DETECTION ASSAY FOR PNEUMOCOCCAL SURVEILLANCE. QUANSYS HAS COMPLETED THEIR PHASE II EFFORT, AND IN 2024, WE WILL PROCEED WITH A PRODUCT LOCK AND QUALIFY THE ASSAY FOR PRODUCTION. THE CDC HAS AGREED TO SUPPORT A CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A CLINICAL PANEL THAT THEY HAVE.FOR POINT-OF-CARE (POC) MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS, WE SELECTED 14 DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS OF POC COVID-19 MOLECULAR ASSAYS AND ASSESSED THEM USING A TEST PANEL TO DETERMINE THE BEST IN CLASS, A SECOND SERIES OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AT PATH. WE ALSO EVALUATED THEIR USABILITY, PROVIDING FEEDBACK TO THE DEVELOPERS ON THE DESIGN FEATURES AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE. THROUGH THIS PROCESS, WE SUCCESSFULLY IDENTIFIED SEVERAL TESTS THAT WERE BEST IN CLASS.THE REMAINING FUNDS FOR THE DEMONSTRATION SAMPLE REPOSITORY AND DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE EVALUATOR PROJECT WERE ROLLED INTO THE APOLLO PROJECT TO PROVIDE FURTHER RESOURCES FOR TESTING.TO ENHANCE THE SECURITY OF LOCAL DIAGNOSTIC SUPPLY CHAINS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES (LMICS), PATH CONDUCTED A COMPREHENSIVE LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE KEY MARKET FAILURES AND IDENTIFY MARKET-SHAPING INTERVENTIONS NEEDED TO EXPAND ACCESS TO HIGH-QUALITY DIAGNOSTICS. THIS INCLUDED DEVELOPING AN INTERACTIVE DASHBOARD THAT CONSOLIDATED PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA ON DIAGNOSTIC COMPANIES WITH A MANUFACTURING PRESENCE IN AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, AND SOUTHEAST ASIA. THE DASHBOARD INCREASED THE VISIBILITY AND AWARENESS OF THESE COMPANIES WITHIN EACH REGION WHILE PROVIDING AN OVERVIEW OF THEIR PRODUCT PORTFOLIOS AND QUALITY SYSTEMS.PATH CONTINUED ITS SUPPORT OF DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR MALARIA CASE DETECTION AND CASE MANAGEMENT. SPECIFICALLY, PATH COMPLETED CLINICAL STUDIES TO ADVANCE NEXT-GENERATION RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR MALARIA AND SUPPORTED THE CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIMENS FROM THESE STUDIES IN ETHIOPIA AND SENEGAL. PATH ALSO EVALUATED RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND REAGENTS, SUCH AS ANTIBODIES, FROM A SERIES OF MANUFACTURERS IN ITS LABORATORY. TO INCREASE ACCESS TO G6PD TESTING, WHICH IS ESSENTIAL FOR TREATING PLASMODIUM (P.) VIVAX MALARIA PATIENTS, PATH CONTINUED WITH THE SUPPORT OF ONE MANUFACTURER IN ITS RESPONSES TO WHO PREQUALIFICATION, AND ADVANCED THE DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS OF A SECOND MANUFACTURER TOWARD CLINICAL STUDIES. THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SECOND PRODUCT WAS EVALUATED IN A PRECLINICAL STUDY, IN ANTICIPATION OF REGULATORY STUDIES FOR 2024. PATH HAS ALSO CONTINUED TO PLAN IMPLEMENTATION STUDIES IN ETHIOPIA AND VIETNAM FOR BOTH THE G6PD TEST AND NEW TREATMENTS FOR P. VIVAX, WHICH WE ANTICIPATE WILL BEGIN IN 2024.

4b	(Code: ) (Expenses $ 88,671,858 including grants of $ 26,898,550 ) (Revenue $ )
	ESSENTIAL MEDICINES:PATH'S ESSENTIAL MEDICINES DIVISION DEVELOPS AND DELIVERS LIFESAVING VACCINES AND DRUGS FOR COMMUNITIES AROUND THE GLOBE--ESPECIALLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN.(CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O)CENTER FOR VACCINE INNOVATION AND ACCESSPATH'S CENTER FOR VACCINE INNOVATION AND ACCESS ALIGNS EXPERTISE ACROSS EVERY STAGE OF VACCINE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND INTRODUCTION TO MAKE VACCINES AVAILABLE TO MORE COMMUNITIES, PARTICULARLY IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES (LMICS). OUR PORTFOLIO INCLUDES MORE THAN TWO DOZEN VACCINE PRODUCTS IN DEVELOPMENT OR ALREADY IN USE, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE LEADING INFECTIOUS CAUSES OF CHILD DEATH AND DISEASE WORLDWIDE.IN 2023, PATH CONTINUED TO SUPPORT COVID-19 PREVENTION AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE PREPAREDNESS BY COORDINATING GRANTS TO RESEARCH GROUPS CONDUCTING TRIALS OF COVID-19 VACCINES AT FRACTIONAL DOSES IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS. WE SUPPORTED THE MRNA VACCINE TECHNOLOGY HUB IN SOUTH AFRICA AND PROVIDED COORDINATION AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR A CONSORTIUM DEVELOPING AN EGG-BASED COVID-19 VACCINE FOR PRODUCTION IN BRAZIL, THAILAND, VIETNAM, AND OTHER LMICS. PATH, IN COLLABORATION WITH THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO), CONTINUED TO CURATE THE COVID-19 MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION RESOURCE LIBRARYA ONE-STOP ONLINE HUB FOR PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATION ABOUT COVID-19 VACCINES AND PREGNANCY.IN ONGOING EFFORTS TO FACILITATE LOCAL VACCINE PRODUCTION, PATH SUPPORTED LMIC VACCINE MANUFACTURERS TO READY LOCALLY MADE VACCINES FOR THE GLOBAL MARKET, THEREBY INCREASING AVAILABLE INTERVENTIONS AND POTENTIALLY MAKING VACCINES MORE ACCESSIBLE FOR LMICS. WE PROVIDED TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO SEVERAL MANUFACTURERS PREPARING FOR WHO PREQUALIFICATION SUBMISSION OR INSPECTION, SUPPORTED MANUFACTURERS IN CLINICAL TRIAL DESIGN AND REGULATORY FILINGS, MAPPED THE CURRENT VACCINE MANUFACTURING CAPACITY IN AFRICA, AND SUPPORTED CLINICAL ASSAY DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS, AMONG OTHER ACTIVITIES.PATH CONTINUED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO POLIO VACCINE MANUFACTURERS AND ADVANCE RESEARCH ON NEW INACTIVATED POLIO VACCINE AND ORAL POLIO VACCINE CANDIDATES. IN 2023, NOVEL TYPE-2 ORAL POLIO VACCINE RECEIVED WHO PREQUALIFICATION, AND A NOVEL TYPE-1 ORAL POLIO VACCINE CANDIDATE ADVANCED TO PHASE 2 STUDY.THROUGHOUT THE YEAR, PATH AND OUR PARTNERS EXPANDED COVERAGE OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS (JE) VACCINATION AND FINALIZED AND DISSEMINATED EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT JE VACCINE DECISION-MAKING. PATH CONCLUDED STUDIES ON THE COST OF ILLNESS FOR JE AND ITS LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES IN BANGLADESH, LAOS, AND VIETNAM. PATH HELD A BI-REGIONAL MEETING IN VIENTIANE, LAOS, IN OCTOBER 2023 TO BRING STAKEHOLDERS TOGETHER TO DISCUSS LESSONS LEARNED, IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES FOR FURTHER JE VACCINE INTRODUCTION AND SCALE-UP, AND CONTINUE THE MOMENTUM FOR JE CONTROL. PATH'S JE PROJECTS CONCLUDED IN DECEMBER 2023.ALSO IN 2023, MENFIVE, THE POLYVALENT MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS CONJUGATE VACCINE (MMCV) THAT PATH SUPPORTED IN DEVELOPMENT, CLINICAL STUDIES, AND REGULATORY SUBMISSION, RECEIVED WHO PREQUALIFICATION. PREQUALIFICATION CONFIRMS THE VACCINE MEETS STRICT INTERNATIONAL QUALITY STANDARDS AND CAN BE MADE AVAILABLE ON THE GLOBAL MARKET. DEVELOPED BY SERUM INSTITUTE OF INDIA PVT. LTD., MENFIVE BUILDS ON THE SUCCESS OF MENAFRIVAC, A GROUNDBREAKING VACCINE AGAINST SEROGROUP-A MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS THAT WAS DEVELOPED THROUGH AN EARLIER PATH PARTNERSHIP. THE POLYVALENT VACCINE TARGETS SEROGROUPS A, C, W, X, AND Y. AS THE FIRST VACCINE TO TARGET SEROGROUP X, THE VACCINE HAS THE POTENTIAL TO ELIMINATE MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS EPIDEMICS FROM AFRICA'S "MENINGITIS BELT" REGION. WE ALSO CONTINUED TO CONTRIBUTE TECHNICAL AND STRATEGIC EXPERTISE TO THE GLOBAL DEFEATING MENINGITIS BY 2030 INITIATIVE. AND, WE SERVED AS A COORDINATOR BETWEEN WHO, GAVI (THE VACCINE ALLIANCE), AND GLOBAL PARTNERS TO IDENTIFY PATHWAYS TO ACCELERATE MMCV INTRODUCTION ONCE THE VACCINE IS MADE AVAILABLE, WHICH LED TO A RECOMMENDATION BY WHO'S STRATEGIC ADVISORY GROUP OF EXPERTS ON IMMUNIZATION THAT MENFIVE BE INTRODUCED VIA VACCINATION CAMPAIGNS AND ROUTINE ADMINISTRATION IN THE MENINGITIS BELT.PATH ALSO ACCELERATED THE INTRODUCTION OF MALARIA IMMUNIZATION IN 2023. WE CONTINUED TO WORK WITH WHO; THE MINISTRIES OF HEALTH IN GHANA, KENYA, AND MALAWI; AND OTHER PARTNERS TO INTRODUCE AND SHARE INFORMATION ABOUT THE MALARIA VACCINE. WE CONTINUE TO ADVANCE RESEARCH INTO DOSE SCHEDULE, UPTAKE, AND EFFICIENT DELIVERY OF BOTH AVAILABLE MALARIA VACCINATIONS THAT ARE PRE-QUALIFIED AND RECOMMENDED BY THE WHO: RTS,S AND R21. IN AUGUST 2023, WE ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS FROM A LANDMARK STUDY THAT CONFIRMED THE BENEFITS OF COMBINING THE VACCINE WITH SEASONAL MALARIA CHEMOPREVENTION TO AVERT MALARIA IN HIGHLY SEASONAL SETTINGS. IN ADDITION, WE ARE SPONSORING A FIRST-IN-HUMAN PHASE 1/2 TRIAL THAT STARTED IN 2023 AND IS EVALUATING THE SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF THE MALARIA VACCINE CANDIDATE RH4.2-VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLE IN MATRIX-M ADJUVANT. THE DEFEAT DIARRHEAL DISEASE INITIATIVE CONTINUED ITS ROLE AS A DIGITAL HUB FOR INFORMATION ON PREVENTING AND TREATING CHILDHOOD DIARRHEAL DISEASE, WHICH IS THE SECOND-LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG CHILDREN IN LMICS. A MAJOR FOCUS IN 2023 WAS THE OPPORTUNITY FOR ROTAVIRUS VACCINE IMPACT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE ROLE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN INCREASING THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEAL DISEASES, ESPECIALLY CHOLERA. TO REDUCE THE BURDEN OF ROTAVIRUS, A MAJOR CAUSE OF SEVERE DIARRHEA, PATH COMPLETED A PHASE 3 EFFICACY STUDY OF AN INJECTABLE NONREPLICATING ROTAVIRUS VACCINE CANDIDATE AT THREE CLINICAL SITES IN AFRICA. PATH ALSO COMPLETED A PHASE 2 STUDY WITH THIS CANDIDATE IN SOUTH AFRICA TO EXAMINE IMMUNE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF ORAL AND INJECTED ROTAVIRUS VACCINES. PATH BEGAN AN OBSERVATIONAL, FOLLOW-ON STUDY TO GATHER MORE INFORMATION ON ROTAVIRUS DISEASE IN THE SECOND YEAR OF LIFE IN GHANA AND MALAWI. IN ADDITION, IN DECEMBER 2023, PATH COMPLETED A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN INDIA THAT EVALUATED THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SERUM INSTITUTE OF INDIA PVT. LTD.'S LICENSED ROTAVIRUS VACCINE, ROTASIIL. PATH CONTINUED TO SUPPORT RESEARCH RELATED TO VACCINE CANDIDATES THAT MAY PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST SHIGELLA, ONE OF THE LEADING BACTERIAL CAUSES OF DIARRHEAL ILLNESS, FOR WHICH THERE IS CURRENTLY NO LICENSED VACCINE. IN 2023, WE CONTINUED PRECLINICAL RESEARCH ON THE NOVEL, ORALLY ADMINISTERED, INACTIVATED WHOLE-CELL SHIGELLA TRUNCATED MUTANT VACCINE CANDIDATE. WE ALSO CONCLUDED A CLINICAL TRIAL TO TEST TWO EXPERIMENTAL CHALLENGE STRAINS OF SHIGELLA. THE RESULTS OF THIS TRIAL WILL HELP GUIDE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF SHIGELLA VACCINES.PATH CONTINUED TO ADVANCE PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A VACCINE AGAINST GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS, A LEADING CAUSE OF BACTERIAL SEPSIS AND MENINGITIS IN YOUNG INFANTS WORLDWIDE, AND AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE, A TOP CAUSE OF DEADLY CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA. WE SUPPORTED INVENTPRISE AS IT WORKS TO DEVELOP MULTIVALENT CONJUGATE VACCINES FOR BOTH DISEASES THAT WILL BE AFFORDABLE FOR LMICS. WE ALSO INITIATED WORK ON A PROJECT TO EVALUATE TWO DIFFERENT MEASLES AND RUBELLA MICROARRAY PATCHES. CLINICAL STUDY PREPARATIONS WERE UNDERWAY THROUGHOUT 2023. AS PART OF THE TYPHOID VACCINE ACCELERATION CONSORTIUM, PATH WORKED TO ADVANCE TYPHOID CONJUGATE VACCINE (TCV) INTRODUCTION IN GAVI-ELIGIBLE COUNTRIES. WE PROVIDED SUPPORT TO THE GOVERNMENT OF MALAWI TO INTRODUCE TCV IN MAY 2023 AND MAKE THE TRANSITION TO INCLUDE TCV IN ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION. WE ALSO CONTINUED TO SUPPORT THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA TO PLAN FOR TCV INTRODUCTION. ADDITIONALLY, PATH WORKED WITH NATIONAL DECISION-MAKERS TO ADVANCE APPLICATIONS FOR TCV INTRODUCTION. BURKINA FASO COMPLETED AND SUBMITTED AN APPLICATION FOR TCV INTRODUCTION IN 2023. IN OTHER COUNTRIES, WE INITIATED AND/OR CONTINUED DISCUSSIONS TO SUPPORT DECISION-MAKING. WE CONTINUED TO SHARE NEW DATA AND SERVE AS A HUB FOR INFORMATION ON TYPHOID, RAISING AWARENESS ABOUT THE DISEASE AND ITS PREVENTION THROUGH AN INTEGRATED APPROACH THAT INCLUDES VACCINES.TO PREVENT CERVICAL CANCER, PATH CONTINUED TO COORDINATE A CONSORTIUM OF NINE INDEPENDENT RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS TO COLLATE, ANALYZE, AND DISSEMINATE EVIDENCE ON SINGLE-DOSE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) VACCINATION TO WHO AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS. WE INITIATED AND COORDINATED A GROUP OF COMMUNICATORS ENGAGING ON HPV VACCINATION WITH REGULAR MEETINGS AND SHARED CALENDAR RESOURCES. IN ADDITION, WE COMPLETED AND DISSEMINATED FINDINGS OF AN HPV COST-OF-DELIVERY STUDY IN SIX COUNTRIES. ALSO, WE CONTINUED TO PARTNER WITH SEVERAL LMICS ON THE PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND ONGOING MONITORING OF NATIONAL HPV VACCINATION PROGRAMS. FINALLY, WE CONTINUED TO SUPPORT A PHASE 3 CLINICAL STUDY OF CECOLIN, A BIVALENT HPV VACCINE THAT RECEIVED WHO PREQUALIFICATION IN 2021, TO GENERATE EVIDENCE ON EXTENDED AND ALTERNATIVE DOSING SCHEDULES.

4c	(Code: ) (Expenses $ 41,839,288 including grants of $ 5,381,556 ) (Revenue $ )
	ASIA, MIDDLE EAST, AND EUROPE REGION: PATH'S LEADERSHIP IN THE ASIA, MIDDLE EAST, AND EUROPE (AMEE) REGION LEVERAGES OUR GLOBAL EXPERTISE ACROSS MULTIPLE HEALTH DISCIPLINES TO CHAMPION EQUITY IN ACCESS TO CARE, INTRODUCE NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND APPROACHES, AND PARTNER ACROSS SECTORS TO PROVIDE HUMAN-CENTERED CARE AND SUPPORT. PATH COORDINATES OUR WORK IN THIS REGION FROM OFFICES IN NINE COUNTRIES, INCLUDING OFFICES IN CHINA, INDIA, UKRAINE, VIETNAM, AND SWITZERLAND THAT SERVE AS REGIONAL HUBS FOR TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION AND PROGRAM DELIVERY. (CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O)HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE:IN 2023, PATH INTENSIFIED ITS EFFORTS IN LOCAL AND REGIONAL COLLABORATIONS, PARTICULARLY IN BANGLADESH, INDONESIA, LAOS, AND NEPAL, AND EXPLORED NEW COLLABORATIONS IN THE MIDDLE EAST. THIS EXPANSION WAS FUELED BY AN INCREASED DEMAND FOR OUR SERVICES, NECESSITATING SUBSTANTIAL GROWTH IN OUR WORKFORCE WITHIN THE REGION.PATH PREPARED FOR AND RESPONDED TO EMERGING HEALTH THREATS IN THE REGION BY PROVIDING TECHNICAL SUPPORT, ENHANCING LABORATORY CAPACITY, AND SCALING UP INNOVATIONS. PATH'S PROACTIVE RESPONSE TO EMERGING HEALTH THREATS INCLUDED MENTAL HEALTH SUPPORT IN MYANMAR, CLIMATE-HEALTH INITIATIVES IN INDIA, TACKLING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN VIETNAM, AND ENHANCING LABORATORY AND TB TREATMENT CAPACITIES IN UKRAINE.THANKS TO OUR CONTINUOUS WORK IN IMPROVING LIVES THROUGH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, WE HAVE ACHIEVED SIGNIFICANT ADVANCEMENTS IN VARIOUS AREAS, SUCH AS HEALTH CARE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MYANMAR, RICE FORTIFICATION IN INDIA, NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES PREVENTION AMONG VIETNAMESE ADOLESCENTS, AND REVOLUTIONIZING HEPATITIS SELF-TESTING. OUR EFFORTS IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURING, PARTICULARLY IN CHINA, HAVE ENHANCED GLOBAL ACCESS TO VACCINES AGAINST DISEASES LIKE INFLUENZA, HPV, AND JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS.THROUGHOUT THE YEAR, OUR AMEE PROGRAMS FOCUSED ON ENHANCING PRIMARY HEALTH SYSTEM SERVICES AND RESILIENCE USING A COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACH THAT BRINGS AWARENESS, AVAILABILITY, AND ACCESSIBILITY OF HEALTH SERVICES TO THE PEOPLE WHO NEED THEM. SOME OF THE INITIATIVES INCLUDED LAUNCHING NATIONAL HPV VACCINATION AND STRENGTHENING IMMUNIZATION IN BANGLADESH, DIGITALIZING HEALTH RECORDS IN INDIA, STRENGTHENING NEWBORN NUTRITION IN NEPAL, AND BOLSTERING THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN UKRAINE.PATH ELEVATED ITS PRESENCE AT MAJOR INTERNATIONAL FORUMS, INCLUDING THE G20 MEETINGS IN INDIA, FOCUSING ON PRIORITIZING DIGITAL HEALTH INVESTMENTS AND FOSTERING A GLOBAL VACCINE RESEARCH COLLABORATION. ADDITIONALLY, OUR COLLABORATION WITH THE COMMONWEALTH SECRETARIAT TO LAUNCH THE ACCELERATOR FOR RESILIENCE IN CLIMATE AND HEALTH MARKS A SIGNIFICANT STRIDE IN SOURCING, DEPLOYING, AND SCALING INNOVATIONS FOR BETTER CLIMATE-HEALTH OUTCOMES ACROSS THE GLOBE.IN 2023, WE NOT ONLY CONTINUED OUR COLLABORATION WITH LONGSTANDING DONORS BUT ALSO ESTABLISHED NEW STRATEGIC ALLIANCES WITH MAJOR INSTITUTIONS LIKE THE ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK, KING ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEUTSCHE GESELLSCHAFT FR INTERNATIONALE ZUSAMMENARBEIT (GIZ), KFW BANKENGRUPPE, CHILDREN'S INVESTMENT FUND FOUNDATION (CIFF), AND NOVARTIS TO TACKLE KEY CHALLENGES IN CLIMATE CHANGE, DIGITAL INNOVATION, AND HEALTHY LIVING TO BRING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING TO ALL.

	(Code: ) (Expenses $ 38,727,611 including grants of $ 4,399,468 ) (Revenue $ )
	AFRICA REGIONPATH'S WORK IN AFRICA INTERSECTS VIRTUALLY EVERY PATH GLOBAL PROGRAM, FROM ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICY TO SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH. WE HAVE COUNTRY OFFICES IN SEVEN NATIONS SPANNING CENTRAL, EASTERN, SOUTHERN, AND WESTERN AFRICA (DRC, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, SENEGAL, TANZANIA, UGANDA, AND ZAMBIA) WITH PROJECT OFFICES IN FIVE MORE. HIGHLIGHTS FROM OUR OFFICES INCLUDE:DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO(1) USAID-FUNDED MOMENTUMROUTINE IMMUNIZATION TRANSFORMATION AND EQUITY (M-RITE) PROJECT: THE M-RITE/PATH PROJECT SIGNIFICANTLY ADVANCED COVID-19 IMMUNIZATION EFFORTS BY TRAINING HEALTH ZONE MANAGEMENT TEAMS ON THE DHIS2 AGGREGATE FORM ACROSS EIGHT ZONES, ACHIEVING A 17% INCREASE IN COVERAGE. FURTHERMORE, THE M-RITE/PATH PROJECT SUPPORTED INTEGRATION OF VACCINE SERVICES INTO 72 PRIVATE HEALTH STRUCTURES IN TEN ZONES IN HAUT-KATANGA AND KASAI ORIENTAL, REDUCING GEOGRAPHICAL BARRIERS AND VACCINATING 33,481 CHILDREN, INCLUDING 4,348 WITH NO PRIOR DOSES. ADDITIONALLY, THE OFFICIAL LAUNCH OF COMMUNITY POLIO SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES IN THESE PROVINCES INVOLVED OVER 400 PARTICIPANTS AND EXTENSIVE MEDIA COVERAGE. A CASCADE TRAINING COURSE WAS CONDUCTED FOR 318 HEALTH AGENTS, COMMUNITY RELAYS, AND HEALTH ZONE STAFF ON COMMUNITY-BASED SURVEILLANCE.(2) DRC ZERO-DOSE CHILDREN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNICAL SUPPORT WAS PROVIDED FOR THE NATIONAL WORKSHOP TO CONTEXTUALIZE INTERVENTIONS IN THE ZERO-DOSE AND UNDER-VACCINATED CHILDREN REDUCTION PLAN 20232025. THIS INCLUDED REVISING TOOLS FOR THE CATCH-UP PLAN FOR CHILDREN AGED 12 TO 59 MONTHS MISSED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC (20192022) AND INITIAL PLANNING OF THE ZERO-DOSE AND UNDER-VACCINATED REDUCTION PLAN.(3) NATIONAL POLIO SURVEILLANCEPATH SUPPORTED THE EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION (EPI)-DRC IN DEVELOPING THE "STRATEGIC PLAN TO STOP THE CIRCULATION OF POLIOVIRUS DERIVED FROM THE TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 VACCINE STRAIN IN DRC" FOR PROVINCES INCLUDING MANIEMA, TANGANYIKA, AND HAUT-LOMAMI. EIGHT VACCINATION CAMPAIGNS WERE IMPLEMENTED TO COMBAT VARIANT POLIOVIRUS TYPES 1 AND 2, REDUCING LAB-DETECTED CASES FROM 539 IN 2022 TO 281 IN 2023. ADDITIONAL EFFORTS INCLUDED DRAFTING PLANS TO INTERRUPT THE CIRCULATION OF CVDPV1, CVDPV2, AND VDPV3 IN THE DRC FOR EARLY 2024 AND INITIATING THE RIVER STRATEGY PROJECT IN HAUT-LOMAMI, FUNDED BY THE GATES FOUNDATION. TRAINING WAS PROVIDED FOR 10 HEALTH ZONE MANAGERS, 68 HEAD NURSES, AND 170 COMMUNITY RELAYS ON COMMUNITY-BASED SURVEILLANCE AND VACCINATION REFERRALS IN HAUT-KATANGA AND KASAI ORIENTAL.(4) DIGITAL SQUARE PROJECTPATH SUPPORTED THE DRC MINISTRY OF PUBLIC HEALTH, HYGIENE, AND PREVENTION IN ITS DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION THROUGH THE DIGITAL SQUARE INITIATIVE. IN 2023, PATH FACILITATED THE LAUNCH OF THE ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE APPROACH FOR DIGITAL HEALTH, INVOLVING KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND DEVELOPING A GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK. ANICNS, DRC'S DIGITAL HEALTH AGENCY, PARTICIPATED IN THE GLOBAL DIGITAL HEALTH FORUM, SHARING THE DRC'S EXPERIENCES WITH INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS.(5) CDC TAP-HIV DATA SYSTEMS FOR UHCTHE CDC TAP PROJECT ESTABLISHED A TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP FOCUSED ON HIV RESPONSE AND DIGITAL HEALTH, CHAIRED BY ANICNS AND CO-CHAIRED BY PNLS (DRC'S NATIONAL HIV/AIDS AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM). AN ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM WAS CONDUCTED, LEADING TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF A ROADMAP ADDRESSING IDENTIFIED WEAKNESSES. THIS ROADMAP FACILITATED THE LAUNCH OF MULTIPLE PROJECTS AIMED AT SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS.(6) THE MALARIA CONTROL AND ELIMINATION PARTNERSHIP IN AFRICA (MACEPA) PROJECTTHE DRC MACEPA 4 PROJECT SUPPORTED THE DRAFTING OF A CONCEPT NOTE FOR THE GLOBAL FUND'S GRANT CYCLE 7, INVOLVING KEY PARTNERS IN MALARIA CONTROL. THE PROJECT DEVELOPED A MALARIA RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND QUALITY ASSURANCE GUIDE, CONDUCTED DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENTS, AND CONTRIBUTED TO STRATEGIC PLANNING DOCUMENTS SUCH AS THE NATIONAL PROGRAM TO COMBAT MALARIA (PNLP) STRATEGIC PLAN 20242028 AND THE ANNUAL OPERATIONAL PLAN FOR 2023 AND 2024. EFFORTS ALSO INCLUDED UPDATING COMMUNITY HEALTH POLICIES AND SUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE "GUIDE DE MISE EN OEUVRE DES SITES DE SOINS COMMUNAUTAIRES," THE IMCI STRATEGIC PLAN 20242030, THE ANNUAL OPERATIONAL PLAN 2024 OF THE PNCHOL-MD, AND THE ROADMAP FOR STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY HEALTH OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH SUB-COMMISSION.(7) PERENNIAL MALARIA CHEMOPREVENTION--GIVEWELLTHE PMC-GIVEWELL PROJECT ESTABLISHED A FRAMEWORK FOR COLLABORATION, LAUNCHING THE PERENNIAL MALARIA CHEMOPREVENTION (PMC) MODEL IN FOUR HEALTH ZONES IN NOVEMBER 2023. TRAINING WAS PROVIDED FOR 687 STAKEHOLDERS, INCLUDING 11 PROVINCIAL MANAGERS, 82 MEMBERS OF MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH ZONE TEAMS, 24 FIELD AGENTS, 137 NURSES, 359 PROVIDERS, 74 PRSICODESA, 370 COMMUNITY RELAYS, AND 54 RECOSITES. BY DECEMBER 2023, 2,309 DOSES OF SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE (SP) WERE ADMINISTERED TO CHILDREN UNDER TWO. (8) SOURCE PROJECTTHE SOURCE PROJECT IN 2023 INCLUDED A BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT SURVEY ACROSS 26 PROVINCES, A QUALITATIVE SURVEY ON OXYGEN AVAILABILITY, AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADVOCACY PLAN FOR PNEUMONIA TREATMENT FOCUSED ON OXYGEN AND AMOXICILLIN. A WORK PLAN FOR CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS AIMED AT INCREASING THE OXYGEN BUDGET WAS ALSO DEVELOPED.(9) ACCELERATING MEASURABLE PROGRESS AND LEVERAGING INVESTMENTS FOR PPH IMPACT (AMPLI-PPHI)IN 2023, THE AMPLI-PPHI PROJECT CONDUCTED A SUPPLY CHAIN ASSESSMENT AND A PRICING AND AVAILABILITY SURVEY FOR POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE (PPH) MEDICINES, LIKE OXYTOCIN, TRANEXAMIC ACID, AND MISPOROSTOL. TECHNICAL SUPPORT WAS PROVIDED FOR QUANTIFYING PPH COMMODITIES AND DEVELOPING SCALE-UP AND BUSINESS CASE DEVELOPMENT PLANS FOR HEAT-STABLE CARBETOCINE AND TRANEXAMIC ACID.(10) ADVOCACY AND PUBLIC POLICYIN SUPPORT OF THE IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM, THE THIRD NATIONAL FORUM ON VACCINATION AND POLIO ERADICATION, LED BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE DRC ON JUNE 2728, 2023, HIGHLIGHTED THE COUNTRY'S HIGH-LEVEL COMMITMENT TO IMMUNIZATION. THIS EVENT MARKED A SIGNIFICANT PARTNERSHIP EFFORT IN THE HEALTH SECTOR. ADDITIONALLY, TWO WORKING SESSIONS WITH THE NATIONAL REPACAV FOCUSED ON THE IMMUNIZATION PERFORMANCE OF THE EPI IN KISANTU AND KINSHASA IN APRIL 2023. WORKSHOPS WERE HELD IN KINSHASA, TANGANYIKA, AND HAUT-LOMAMI TO RAISE AWARENESS OF PROVINCIAL IMMUNIZATION COMMITMENTS.POLITICAL APPROVAL OF PNC 2023-2027 WAS ACHIEVED WITH THE INVOLVEMENT OF GTFCC/CSP, UNICEF, WHO, AND OTHER PARTNERS, WITH PATH PLAYING A KEY ROLE IN ORGANIZING THE WORKSHOP BY THE PNC STEERING COMMITTEE (COPIL). FOLLOWING THIS, PATH COLLABORATED WITH GTFCC/CSP, UNICEF, AND WHO TO ORGANIZE A RESOURCE MOBILIZATION ROUNDTABLE WITH PRIVATE DONORS.FOR THE POLIO RESPONSE PROGRAM, REGULAR MEDIA BRIEFINGS IN KINSHASA AND THE PROVINCES RESULTED IN 17 NATIONAL MEDIA OUTLETS PUBLISHING 27 ARTICLES AND INTERVIEWS ABOUT ROUTINE VACCINATION AND CAMPAIGNS, HIGHLIGHTING THE EFFORTS OF THE EPI AND ITS PARTNERS. ONLINE COMMUNICATION EFFORTS ALSO STRENGTHENED, REACHING 4,000 FOLLOWERS ON TWITTERA 30.7% INCREASE FROM 2022WITH DAILY POSTS ON ROUTINE VACCINATION AND POLIO ON TWITTER, FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, AND LINKEDIN.HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (HAT) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO CSOS:TECHNICAL SUPPORT WAS PROVIDED TO CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS FOR THE 4TH NATIONAL DAY AGAINST SLEEPING SICKNESS, WITH PARTICIPATION FROM LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS. TRAINING WAS CONDUCTED FOR CNRSC STAFF ON THE GATES FOUNDATION'S LOBBYING POLICY, AND POLITICAL AUTHORITIES WERE ENGAGED IN THE HAT ELIMINATION AGENDA IN THE DRC.

4d	Other program services (Describe in Schedule O.)
	(Expenses $ 38,727,611 including grants of $ 4,399,468 ) (Revenue $ )
4e	Total program service expenses305,805,290

1b	Sub-Total..............
c	Total from continuation sheets to Part VII, Section A..
d	Total (add lines 1b and 1c).........	4,981,252	253,590	657,169

1a	Federated campaigns..		1a
b	Membership dues..		1b
c	Fundraising events..		1c
d	Related organizations		1d	2,356,451
e	Government grants (contributions)		1e	120,654,880

f	All other contributions, gifts, grants, and similar amounts not included above		1f	204,936,169

g	Noncash contributions included in lines 1a - 1f:$		1g	355,699

h Total. Add lines 1a-1f.......		327,947,500

1	Briefly describe the organization’s mission or most significant activities: SEE PART III, LINE 1.
2	Check this box
3	Number of voting members of the governing body (Part VI, line 1a) ........	3	13
4	Number of independent voting members of the governing body (Part VI, line 1b) .....	4	13
5	Total number of individuals employed in calendar year 2023 (Part V, line 2a) ......	5	634
6	Total number of volunteers (estimate if necessary) .............	6	0
7a	Total unrelated business revenue from Part VIII, column (C), line 12 ........	7a	0
b	Net unrelated business taxable income from Form 990-T, Part I, line 11 .........	7b	0

		Business Code
2a
b
c
d
e
f	All other program service revenue.
g	Total. Add lines 2a–2f .....

3 Investment income (including dividends, interest, and othersimilar amounts) ......			4,793,349			4,793,349
4 Income from investment of tax-exempt bond proceeds
5 Royalties...........
			(i) Real	(ii) Personal
6a	Gross rents	6a
b	Less: rental expenses	6b
c	Rental income or (loss)	6c
d	Net rental income or (loss).......
			(i) Securities	(ii) Other
7a	Gross amount from sales of assets other than inventory	7a	45,231,711	39,097
b	Less: cost or other basis and sales expenses	7b	45,229,237	12,461
c	Gain or (loss)	7c	2,474	26,636
d	Net gain or (loss).........			29,110			29,110
8a	Gross income from fundraising events (not including $ of contributions reported on line 1c). See Part IV, line 18 ....
			8a
b	Less: direct expenses ...		8b
c	Net income or (loss) from fundraising events..
9a	Gross income from gaming activities. See Part IV, line 19 ...
			9a
b	Less: direct expenses ...		9b
c	Net income or (loss) from gaming activities..
10a	Gross sales of inventory, less returns and allowances ..
			10a
b	Less: cost of goods sold ..		10b
c	Net income or (loss) from sales of inventory..

Business Code
11a	OTHER		900099	1,079,737			1,079,737
b	REIMBURSEMENTS		900099	264,982			264,982
c
d	All other revenue ....
e	Total. Add lines 11a–11d ......			1,344,719
12	Total revenue. See instructions.....			334,114,678	0	0	6,167,178

1	Grants and other assistance to domestic organizations and domestic governments. See Part IV, line 21 ....	21,998,905	21,998,905
2	Grants and other assistance to domestic individuals. See Part IV, line 22 ...........
3	Grants and other assistance to foreign organizations, foreign governments, and foreign individuals. See Part IV, lines 15 and 16. .............	51,721,962	51,721,962
4	Benefits paid to or for members .......
5	Compensation of current officers, directors, trustees, and key employees ...........	3,363,184	1,732,913	1,625,805	4,466
6	Compensation not included above, to disqualified persons (as defined under section 4958(f)(1)) and persons described in section 4958(c)(3)(B) .........
7	Other salaries and wages........	99,006,683	85,970,588	12,322,179	713,916
8	Pension plan accruals and contributions (include section 401(k) and 403(b) employer contributions) ....	12,016,092	10,330,010	1,603,066	83,016
9	Other employee benefits .......	17,544,969	15,818,501	1,641,463	85,005
10	Payroll taxes ...........	4,508,702	3,874,880	602,615	31,207
11	Fees for services (non-employees):
a	Management ......
b	Legal .........	1,121,101	464,631	656,470
c	Accounting ...........	1,044,928	275,886	769,042
d	Lobbying ...........	129,573	129,573
e	Professional fundraising services. See Part IV, line 17
f	Investment management fees ......	290,011		290,011
g	Other (If line 11g amount exceeds 10% of line 25, column (A) amount, list line 11g expenses on Schedule O)	16,445,699	14,469,676	1,776,546	199,477
12	Advertising and promotion ....	61,395	44,550	9,153	7,692
13	Office expenses .......	4,342,183	3,942,408	336,616	63,159
14	Information technology ......	7,013,565	5,818,579	1,135,996	58,990
15	Royalties ..	259,972	259,972
16	Occupancy ...........	12,120,309	44,773	12,076,416	-880
17	Travel ............	17,140,641	15,591,109	1,545,404	4,128
18	Payments of travel or entertainment expenses for any federal, state, or local public officials .
19	Conferences, conventions, and meetings ....	12,695,480	12,100,544	584,837	10,099
20	Interest ...........	371	371
21	Payments to affiliates .......
22	Depreciation, depletion, and amortization ..	1,893,077		1,893,077
23	Insurance ...	804,383	186,690	617,693
24	Other expenses. Itemize expenses not covered above (List miscellaneous expenses in line 24e. If line 24e amount exceeds 10% of line 25, column (A) amount, list line 24e expenses on Schedule O.)
a	SUBCONTRACTORS	30,599,028	30,599,028
b	PROF. SERVICES ALLOC	13,701,112	11,031,502	2,555,449	114,161
c	EQUIP RENT & MAINT	3,889,109	3,891,148	-2,039
d	DIRECT AID TO BENEF.	2,045,902	2,045,902
e	All other expenses	2,815,917	13,461,189	-10,767,884	122,612
25	Total functional expenses. Add lines 1 through 24e	338,574,253	305,805,290	31,271,915	1,497,048
26	Joint costs. Complete this line only if the organization reported in column (B) joint costs from a combined educational campaign and fundraising solicitation. Check here if following SOP 98-2 (ASC 958-720).

1	Cash–non-interest-bearing ........			12,287,583	1	12,802,633
2	Savings and temporary cash investments .........			39,962,314	2	69,288,147
3	Pledges and grants receivable, net ......			37,140,905	3	34,122,933
4	Accounts receivable, net .............			303,620	4	117,402
5	Loans and other receivables from any current or former officer, director, trustee, key employee, creator or founder, substantial contributor, or 35% controlled entity or family member of any of these persons .......
					5
6	Loans and other receivables from other disqualified persons (as defined under section 4958(f)(1)), and persons described in section 4958(c)(3)(B) ...
					6
7	Notes and loans receivable, net ...........				7
8	Inventories for sale or use ............				8
9	Prepaid expenses and deferred charges ......			7,299,862	9	6,488,268
10a	Land, buildings, and equipment: cost or other basis. Complete Part VI of Schedule D	10a	38,942,823
b	Less: accumulated depreciation	10b	32,090,954	6,572,733	10c	6,851,869
11	Investments—publicly traded securities .			198,170,250	11	188,619,248
12	Investments—other securities. See Part IV, line 11 .....				12
13	Investments—program-related. See Part IV, line 11 ..				13
14	Intangible assets ...............				14
15	Other assets. See Part IV, line 11 ...........			33,353,888	15	28,207,370
16	Total assets. Add lines 1 through 15 (must equal line 33)...			335,091,155	16	346,497,870

17	Accounts payable and accrued expenses .....	240,270,829	17	257,648,624
18	Grants payable ...		18
19	Deferred revenue .........		19
20	Tax-exempt bond liabilities .........		20
21	Escrow or custodial account liability. Complete Part IV of Schedule D		21
22	Loans and other payables to any current or former officer, director, trustee, key employee, creator or founder, substantial contributor, or 35% controlled entity or family member of any of these persons .........
			22
23	Secured mortgages and notes payable to unrelated third parties ..		23
24	Unsecured notes and loans payable to unrelated third parties ..		24
25	Other liabilities (including federal income tax, payables to related third parties, and other liabilities not included on lines 17 - 24). Complete Part X of Schedule D	42,345,583	25	35,252,330
26	Total liabilities. Add lines 17 through 25..	282,616,412	26	292,900,954

	Organizations that follow FASB ASC 958, check here and complete lines 27, 28, 32, and 33.
27	Net assets without donor restrictions ..........	23,389,854	27	26,624,779
28	Net assets with donor restrictions ...........	29,084,889	28	26,972,137
	Organizations that do not follow FASB ASC 958, check here and complete lines 29 through 33.
29	Capital stock or trust principal, or current funds .....		29
30	Paid-in or capital surplus, or land, building or equipment fund ...		30
31	Retained earnings, endowment, accumulated income, or other funds		31
32	Total net assets or fund balances ...........	52,474,743	32	53,596,916
33	Total liabilities and net assets/fund balances ........	335,091,155	33	346,497,870

1	Was the organization a U.S. transferor of property to a foreign corporation during the tax year? If "Yes," the organization may be required to file Form 926, Return by a U.S. Transferor of Property to a Foreign Corporation (see Instructions for Form 926). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	Yes	No
2	Did the organization have an interest in a foreign trust during the tax year? If "Yes," the organization may be required to separately file Form 3520, Annual Return to Report Transactions with Foreign Trusts and Receipt of Certain Foreign Gifts, and/or Form 3520-A, Annual Information Return of Foreign Trust With a U.S. Owner (see Instructions for Forms 3520 and 3520-A; don't file with Form 990). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	Yes	No
3	Did the organization have an ownership interest in a foreign corporation during the tax year? If "Yes," the organization may be required to file Form 5471, Information Return of U.S. Persons with Respect to Certain Foreign Corporations. (see Instructions for Form 5471). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	Yes	No
4	Was the organization a direct or indirect shareholder of a passive foreign investment company or a qualified electing fund during the tax year? If “Yes,” the organization may be required to file Form 8621, Information Return by a Shareholder of a Passive Foreign Investment Company or Qualified Electing Fund. (see Instructions for Form 8621) .	Yes	No
5	Did the organization have an ownership interest in a foreign partnership during the tax year? If "Yes," the organization may be required to file Form 8865, Return of U.S. Persons with Respect to Certain Foreign Partnerships (see Instructions for Form 8865). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	Yes	No
6	Did the organization have any operations in or related to any boycotting countries during the tax year? If "Yes," the organization may be required to separately file Form 5713, International Boycott Report (see Instructions for Form 5713; don't file with Form 990).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	Yes	No