Attach to Form 990 or Form 990-EZ.
Go to
www.irs.gov/Form990 for instructions and the latest information.
| (i) Name of supported organization | (ii) EIN | (iii) Type of organization (described on lines 1- 10 above (see instructions)) | (iv) Is the organization listed in your governing document? | (v) Amount of monetary support (see instructions) | (vi) Amount of other support (see instructions) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | |||||
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Total |
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Calendar year
(or fiscal year beginning in)
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(a) 2019 | (b) 2020 | (c) 2021 | (d) 2022 | (e) 2023 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grant.") .. | 172,925 | 109,960 | 131,349 | 124,700 | 83,475 | 622,409 |
| 2 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf .... | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 3 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge.. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 4 | Total. Add lines 1 through 3 | 172,925 | 109,960 | 131,349 | 124,700 | 83,475 | 622,409 |
| 5 | The portion of total contributions by each person (other than a governmental unit or publicly supported organization) included on line 1 that exceeds 2% of the amount shown on line 11, column (f) .. | 536,126 | |||||
| 6 | Public support. Subtract line 5 from line 4. | 86,283 | |||||
Calendar year
(or fiscal year beginning in)
![]() |
(a) 2019 | (b) 2020 | (c) 2021 | (d) 2022 | (e) 2023 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Amounts from line 4.. | 172,925 | 109,960 | 131,349 | 124,700 | 83,475 | 622,409 |
| 8 | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources... | 19,401 | 32,169 | 39,686 | 21,008 | 75,581 | 187,845 |
| 9 | Net income from unrelated business activities, whether or not the business is regularly carried on.. | ||||||
| 10 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.).. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 11 | Total support. Add lines 7 through 10 | 810,254 | |||||
Calendar year (or fiscal
year beginning in) ![]() |
(a) 2019 | (b) 2020 | (c) 2021 | (d) 2022 | (e) 2023 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gifts, grants, contributions, and membership fees received. (Do not include any "unusual grants.") . | ||||||
| 2 | Gross receipts from admissions, merchandise sold or services performed, or facilities furnished in any activity that is related to the organization's tax-exempt purpose | ||||||
| 3 | Gross receipts from activities that are not an unrelated trade or business under section 513 ..... | ||||||
| 4 | Tax revenues levied for the organization's benefit and either paid to or expended on its behalf... | ||||||
| 5 | The value of services or facilities furnished by a governmental unit to the organization without charge | ||||||
| 6 | Total. Add lines 1 through 5 | ||||||
| 7a | Amounts included on lines 1, 2, and 3 received from disqualified persons | ||||||
| b | Amounts included on lines 2 and 3 received from other than disqualified persons that exceed the greater of $5,000 or 1% of the amount on line 13 for the year. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 7a and 7b.. | ||||||
| 8 | Public support. (Subtract line 7c from line 6.) | ||||||
Calendar year
(or fiscal year beginning in)
![]() |
(a) 2019 | (b) 2020 | (c) 2021 | (d) 2022 | (e) 2023 | (f) Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | Amounts from line 6... | ||||||
| 10a | Gross income from interest, dividends, payments received on securities loans, rents, royalties and income from similar sources.. | ||||||
| b | Unrelated business taxable income (less section 511 taxes) from businesses acquired after June 30, 1975. | ||||||
| c | Add lines 10a and 10b. | ||||||
| 11 | Net income from unrelated business activities not included on line 10b, whether or not the business is regularly carried on. | ||||||
| 12 | Other income. Do not include gain or loss from the sale of capital assets (Explain in Part VI.) .. | ||||||
| 13 | Total support. (Add lines 9, 10c, 11, and 12.).. | ||||||
| Section A - Adjusted Net Income | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
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| 1 | Net short-term capital gain | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Other gross income (see instructions) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Add lines 1 through 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Depreciation and depletion | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Portion of operating expenses paid or incurred for production or collection of gross income or for management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for production of income (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Other expenses (see instructions) | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Adjusted Net Income (subtract lines 5, 6 and 7 from line 4) | 8 | ||||
| Section B - Minimum Asset Amount | (A) Prior Year |
(B) Current Year (optional) |
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| 1 | Aggregate fair market value of all non-exempt-use assets (see instructions for short tax year or assets held for part of year): | 1 | ||||
| a | Average monthly value of securities | 1a | ||||
| b | Average monthly cash balances | 1b | ||||
| c | Fair market value of other non-exempt-use assets | 1c | ||||
| d | Total (add lines 1a, 1b, and 1c) | 1d | ||||
| e |
Discount claimed for blockage or other factors (explain in detail in Part VI): |
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| 2 | Acquisition indebtedness applicable to non-exempt use assets | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Subtract line 2 from line 1d | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Cash deemed held for exempt use. Enter 0.015 of line 3 (for greater amount, see instructions). | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Net value of non-exempt-use assets (subtract line 4 from line 3) | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Multiply line 5 by 0.035 | 6 | ||||
| 7 | Recoveries of prior-year distributions | 7 | ||||
| 8 | Minimum Asset Amount (add line 7 to line 6) | 8 | ||||
| Section C - Distributable Amount | Current Year | |||||
| 1 | Adjusted net income for prior year (from Section A, line 8, Column A) | 1 | ||||
| 2 | Enter 85% of line 1 | 2 | ||||
| 3 | Minimum asset amount for prior year (from Section B, line 8, Column A) | 3 | ||||
| 4 | Enter greater of line 2 or line 3 | 4 | ||||
| 5 | Income tax imposed in prior year | 5 | ||||
| 6 | Distributable Amount. Subtract line 5 from line 4, unless subject to emergency temporary reduction (see instructions) | 6 | ||||
| Section D - Distributions | Current Year | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 Amounts paid to supported organizations to accomplish exempt purposes | 1 | |
|
2
Amounts paid to perform activity that directly furthers exempt purposes of supported organizations, in excess of income from activity |
2 | |
| 3 Administrative expenses paid to accomplish exempt purposes of supported organizations | 3 | |
| 4 Amounts paid to acquire exempt-use assets | 4 | |
| 5 Qualified set-aside amounts (prior IRS approval required - provide details in Part VI) | 5 | |
| 6 Other distributions (describe in Part VI). See instructions | 6 | |
| 7Total annual distributions. Add lines 1 through 6. | 7 | |
|
8
Distributions to attentive supported organizations to which the organization is responsive (provide details in Part VI). See instructions |
8 | |
| 9 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6 | 9 | |
| 10 Line 8 amount divided by Line 9 amount | 10 | |
| Section E - Distribution Allocations (see instructions) |
(i) Excess Distributions |
(ii) Underdistributions Pre-2023 |
(iii) Distributable Amount for 2023 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Distributable amount for 2023 from Section C, line 6 | ||||
|
2
Underdistributions, if any, for years prior to 2023 (reasonable cause required-- explain in Part VI).
See instructions. |
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| 3 Excess distributions carryover, if any, to 2023: | ||||
| a From 2018....... | ||||
| b From 2019....... | ||||
| c From 2020....... | ||||
| d From 2021....... | ||||
| e From 2022....... | ||||
| fTotal of lines 3a through e | ||||
| g Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| h Applied to 2023 distributable amount | ||||
|
i
Carryover from 2018 not applied (see instructions) |
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| j Remainder. Subtract lines 3g, 3h, and 3i from line 3f. | ||||
| 4Distributions for 2023 from Section D, line 7: | ||||
| $ | ||||
| a Applied to underdistributions of prior years | ||||
| b Applied to 2023 distributable amount | ||||
| c Remainder. Subtract lines 4a and 4b from line 4. | ||||
|
5
Remaining underdistributions for years prior to 2023, if any. Subtract lines 3g and 4a from line 2. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions. |
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|
6
Remaining underdistributions for 2023. Subtract lines 3h and 4b from line 1. If the amount is greater than zero, explain in Part VI. See instructions. |
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7 Excess distributions carryover to 2024. Add lines 3j and 4c. |
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| 8 Breakdown of line 7: | ||||
| a Excess from 2019..... | ||||
| b Excess from 2020..... | ||||
| c Excess from 2021..... | ||||
| d Excess from 2022..... | ||||
| e Excess from 2023..... | ||||
| Facts And Circumstances Test |
|---|
| PART II, SECTION C - LINE 17A. The service that we're using to Efile does not allow line returns so we've used capital letters to separate the sections of text to make it easier to read. Our nonprofit organization meets the facts and circumstances test for the following reasons: A) Our mission is to publish websites providing information to the public on various topics including, but not limited to, education, modern-day slavery, global poverty, international development, health, the environment, human rights, psychology and science; Encourage increased philanthropy and voluntarism, raise awareness about non-profit organizations and receive donations to support them; Give individuals ideas and tools to support nonprofits that they want to help; and give nonprofits ideas and tools to engage with their supporters and develop new supporters; In the previous year, we published over 800 editions of our websites that do the above, including DailySource.org. Most editions included text, audio clips, photos and videos. B) Our service appeals to a wide swath of the public, and is not limited to a particular community or region. We also do not focus on appealing to any particular age group, gender or race. C) Our websites are entirely free of charge to the public. We do not charge for visiting the sites, nor for registering. In addition, our past editions are made available to the public online for free on a continuous basis in our archive sections. Nearly all parts of all of our websites are accessible without registering. The other portion is accessible for free for any person from the public who wants to spend a minute registering. D) A lot of our support comes through contributions of time that save us very large amounts of money we'd otherwise need to spend on staff. On average we have over 40 volunteers donate over 6,000 volunteer hours a year. The nonprofit association Independent Sector provides national rates for the value of services from volunteers that it updates annually from Bureau of Labor Statics data. For calendar year 2023, they estimated the dollar value of volunteer time is $31.8 per hour: https://independentsector.org/blog/independent-sector-releases-new-value-of-volunteer-time-of-31-80-per-hour/. Their number is based on the Bureau of Labor Statics average wage figure increased by 12 percent to estimate for fringe benefits such as FICA. Based on their recommended figure, volunteers gave us over $954,000 in support over the last 5 years. The IRS rules do not allow us to list that on the chart, yet it is support from the public. If these hours counted towards support using the Independent Sector's suggested number, then over 50% of our support over the past 5 years came from the public. Even if a much lower figure like $24 an hour is used, it still means over 40% of our real-life support comes from the public. E) Our board is a mix of men and women from different states and different work backgrounds who represent a broad cross-section of public interests and views. Board member Peter Dunn is a journalist, a former consultant for Fortune 500 executives at companies such as Google and Fidelity Investments and former business owner who has volunteered for numerous nonprofits. He is located in Florida. Board member Amy Luchans has 12 years of experience in the Internet, website services and online learning sectors, and has also been Associate Director of Alumni and University Relations at Brandeis University, Assistant Director for Student Activities at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, a publications editor, an instructional designer, and a marketing and technical business consultant. Board member Michael Kolar is a personal/professional coach and seminar leader, and is based in St. Paul, MN. Board Member Susan Barron is a small-business owner and President of the Alumni Association of Lawrence Academy, an independent high school in Groton, MA. She also volunteers for the Parent-Teachers Association in her home town of Concord, MA. Board member Ruthann Smith is a key part of championship teams competing at the Olympics and world championships in horse riding and showing. She has written books and created videos to teach other people horsemanship and how to best care for their horses. She also has her own line of innovative horse care products that are popular in the horse world. She's been featured on NPR and on TV networks like CBS. She is skilled at marketing, branding, communications and other areas. She is based in Florida. F) Our nonprofit has an ongoing fund-raising program, and we have received support from numerous different sources. This includes from individuals, foundations and corporations, including Bank of America and Microsoft. Our donations that come from individuals come from a cross-section of people young and old, and have ranged from $3 to $25,000. We meet one-on-one with potential donors and we have a section on our websites on a continuous basis encouraging people to donate. In addition, we have set up modules on our websites that allow donors to make recurring donations quarterly or annually. G) People with significant expertise in our fields participate in creating our editions for the public each day. To see the people who participate, feel free to visit the "Our Team" page on our site. H) We have no advertisements or commercial activity. We have no unrelated business income. |
| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|
| Software ID: | 23018249 |
| Software Version: | v1.00 |
| Return Reference | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 11b | The 990 is prepared by both the nonprofit's part-time contractor bookkeeper, Kyoko Hoda and by the nonprofit's President (and board member) Peter Dunn. Both of them check the entries of the 990 to make sure they match with the nonprofit's books at Quickbooks. They also view the answers to the Yes/No questions etc. As a key step in the preparation, the draft was completely reviewed by Mr. Dunn before filing. During the course of the year, Hoda enters the transactions into Quickbooks, and Dunn reviews the books to check if they're on track. After the 990 is filed, a copy of it is sent to each member of the board either electronically or by regular postal mail. |
| Form 990, Part VI, Section B, Line 15 | Peter Dunn serves as the Executive Director and as an officer (Board member and President). He received no compensation for his role as an officer. He could have taken pay for his role as Executive Director, but he volunteered to give up all of his pay and work entirely as a volunteer for about 50 hours a week. Starting in 2012, Mr. Dunn volunteered to forego about 92% of his pay to help the nonprofit, and did that until the end of 2015. Since 2016, he has volunteered to forego 100% of his pay to help the nonprofit, including this year. Prior to 2012, to determine his compensation, the organization followed a process of using comparability data for other executive directors at similar nonprofits. The compensation was voted on by independent members of the board of directors without Mr. Dunn's presence at the vote, and was recorded in minutes. b) No officers of the nonprofit receive any compensation (cash or other types of compensation). The nonprofit is largely volunteer-run. We contract with 1 or 2 web developers to create websites and maintain websites, though they are not employees. When we hire key employees, a review and approval is done by independent persons, and comparability data is used and we contemporaneously substantiate the deliberation and decision. But for the year of this filing, we didn't have an employee. |
| Form 990, Part VI, Section C, Line 19 | We made the governing documents available to the public upon request. Also, our 990s are usually made available to the public to download via nonprofit websites such as Guidestar and ProPublica. |
| Software ID: | 23018249 |
| Software Version: | v1.00 |